THE IDENTITY IMPORTANCE IN SHAPING SELECTED, NEW URBAN SPACES IN WARSAW, PRAGA – PÓŁNOC

The article analyzes how selected important public places in Praga-Północ have developed throughout history and how, in the face of today's economic, functional and spatial conditions as well as socio-cultural needs, create inclusive, resident-friendly urban spaces that build a positive image of the district. The authors will attempt to present proposal for system of interconnected public spaces based on the potential of the place. The model of connections, the proposed system of urban spaces in Praga-Północ is based on many years of researches in situ.

Rejection-Identification: An Examination of Group-Level and Individual-Level Discrimination Among Hispanic Immigrants

This study investigates the Rejection-Identification Model (RIM) by examining impacts of group-level and personal experiences with discrimination on different measures of ethnic identity and cultural importance among Hispanic immigrants. The RIM is used to describe associations between discrimination and increased ethnic identity and the mediating role of ethnicity on negative outcomes of discrimination. Growing empirical support for the RIM has prompted inquiry into its application among different populations, including immigrants who face numerous types of discrimination. Using the Latino Immigrant National Election Survey, the study found that the perception of group-level discrimination was associated with a higher likelihood of reporting Hispanic identity importance, however, personal experiences with discrimination were not. Further, results showed that neither type of discrimination impacted cultural or Spanish language maintenance importance. This paper discusses the implications of these findings and how the protective factors presented by the RIM may vary among populations and when considering personal and group-level discrimination.

The Persistence of Racialized Health Care Attitudes: Racial Attitudes among White Adults and Identity Importance among Black Adults

This study evaluates the emergence and persistence of the racial divide on health reform in public opinion using survey data from 2008 through 2017. The findings support existing work showing a consistent relationship between racial resentment and attitudes on the Affordable Care Act among White adults. However, the study also builds on existing work by evaluating the relationship between strength of racial identity among Black adults and health care opinion during President Barack Obama's Administration. The paper investigates the implications of the findings for future health policy in the post-Obama era using survey data on the Republicans’ attempt to pass the American Health Care Act in 2017. The results underscore the conditions that make the “spillover” of racial attitudes into seemingly non-racial policy areas more or less likely to occur. The findings also provide suggestive evidence for how future health reforms may receive different levels of support from both White and Black adults.

Gender Identity Among U.S. Adults

This chapter investigates how gender identity as a social identity fits into people’s lives and how social factors influence it, by drawing on identity theory and social identity theory. Empirical research on this question is surprisingly limited, despite widespread interest in gender identity in the social sciences and humanities. Using data from the 2014 Identity Module in the U.S. General Social Survey, we examine four dimensions of gender identity: importance, salience, pride, and verification. All four dimensions feature prominently in men’s and women’s lives. Gender identity is stronger for parents than for non-parents. In contrast, marriage/cohabitation and employment status are mostly unrelated to gender identity. Gender identity tends to be stronger among women, racial/ethnic minorities, and the less educated. We conclude that gender identity is an omnipresent reality in most people’s lives and that it contributes to maintaining gender as a set of categories that organize social relations.

THE STUDY OF PARTICULARITY OF BANJA LUKA WATERFRONT IN VIEW OF DEFINING THE COURSE OF ITS FUTURE DEVELOPMENT

This Study examines the phenomenon of the relationship between the river as a naturalelement and the urban environment as a human creation.Their mutual relationship isobserved through the topics which are related to the spatial - programmatic, perceptual,aesthetic and cultural potentials that largely determine the identity of the place. Theexample of the city of Banja Luka has been analyzed and presented from the point of viewof several criteria: positioning of the urban structure with relation to the river,morphological and topographic characteristics, development level of the physical structureof the waterfront, accessibility, distribution of contents and heritage. The Study gives anoverview of the results of the survey conducted among the users of the space with regardto the identity, importance and the way of using the waterfront area. The values whichthose specific urban areas may contain have been identified in order to formulate certainrecommendations intended to improve the waterfront.