Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder — Study Review

Fetal alcohol syndrome is regarded as a spectrum. Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) might be surprisingly common, especially in vulnerable populations. Mental health problems, substance abuse, inappropriate sexual behavior, school and legal problems and unemployment might cooccur with FASD. Treatment of comorbidities might be helpful, however effects of stimulants in FASD are controversial. Women who drink during pregnancy might suffer from nutritional deficiencies, therefore try of compensation might be helpful for both mother and child. Moreover, nutrient of children with FASD might play an important role as a potential supportive therapy. In addition, physical exercise therapy might be beneficial for both mother and children because of neurogenesis induction potential. There is no established therapy for FASD, therefore further studies should focus on formulating one. (JNNN 2020;9(3):119–122) Key Words: alcohol ingestion, brain development pathology, FAS, pregnancy

Neuroadaptation in the system of emotional reinforcement under alcohol dependence

The article is addressed to the problem of neuroadaptation in the brain system of emotional reinforcement under alcohol dependence. The level of anxiety, the functional state of the positive emotional reinforcement system, the electrogenesis of the structures of the brain limbic-neocortical system, levels of dopamine in n.accumbens and hypothalamus were studied in an experiment on animals. Particular attention is paid to the transcutaneous allotransplantation of the embryonic hippocampal tissue as a biological approach to suppressing of craving for alcohol intake. It has been shown that allotransplantation reduces alcohol motivation by restructuring of neurophysiological and neurochemical mechanisms in the system of positive reinforcement. Key words: alcohol dependence model, electrical activity of the brain, emotional system of the brain, transcutaneousallotransplantation of embryonic tissue,dopamine

Production and optimization of hand disinfection solution based on the World Health Organization formulation: Short Communication

Hand hygiene is the most effective, simplest, and least expensive way to prevent the spread of hospital infections. Hand hygiene needs an ingredient that shows effectiveness in reducing microbial load in a way; alcohol-based hand rubs have more effective, fast and long-lasting disinfection than other antiseptics. The aim of this study was to prepare and optimization of an alcohol-based hand rub solution recommended by World Health Organization (WHO) to reduce expenses in sanction situations and also enhance the satisfaction and tolerability of the product. Key Words: Alcohol-Based Hand Rub; Disinfection; Optimization; Production; World Health Organization

Production and optimization of hand disinfection solution based on the World Health Organization formulation: a short article

Hand hygiene is the most effective, simplest, and least expensive way to prevent the spread of hospital infections. Hand hygiene needs an ingredient that shows effectiveness in reducing microbial load in a way; alcohol-based hand rubs have more effective, fast and long-lasting disinfection than other antiseptics. The aim of this study was to prepare and optimization of an alcoholbased hand rub solution recommended by world health organization to reduce expenses in sanction situations and also enhance the satisfaction and tolerability of the product. Key Words: Alcohol-Based Hand Rub; Disinfection; Optimization; Production; World Health Organization

Modern model of psychoeducation in patients with alcohol dependence

In the course of work, to develop a psychological program for men with alcohol dependence, a comprehensive clinical-psychopathological and psychodiagnostic examination of 150 male patients with alcohol-related syndrome was conducted. The main group (the patients of which participated in the psychoeducational program) included 105 people. The control group consisted of 45 patients who received standard regulated therapy in the hospital. During the course of work, the psychoeducational program was developed and tested in the system of rehabilitation of patients with alcohol dependence, the main purpose of which is a comprehensive infl uence on the cognitive, emotional, psychophysiological, behavioral and social aspects of alcohol dependence. The algorithm of psychoeducation of patients with alcohol dependence is deve loped, which is aimed at increasing the level of special (narcological) knowledge of the patient and his family; working out of skills of solving life problems; communication skills training; training skills of coping. On the background of conducting a psychoeducational program in the system of rehabilitation of patients with alcohol dependence, there was positive dynamics of mental status, positive transformation of coping strategies in patients of the main group, which included psychoeducation in the traditional complex of rehabilitation measures, which signifi - cantly exceeds the corresponding changes in the control group. Key words: alcohol dependence, psychoeducation, psychosocial rehabilitation, remission, coping strategy, alcohol consumption

DRINKING AND DRIVING AMONG HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN BAC GIANG PROVINCE AND BINH THUAN PROVINCE

Background: Alcohol consumption and driving after drinking have become major public health problems worldwide. Time of first getting drunk is becoming earlier among young people and alcohol has become an important risk factor for injuries, especially traffic injuries among the youth. Objective: To assess the patterns of alcohol consumption and drink-driving behaviour of high school students aged from 15-18. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 2,625 high school students in 2 provinces of Bac Giang and Binh Thuan. Results: The average age of first time drinking was 14.4, the average age of first time getting drunk was 15.5. The proportion of students drinking in the past year was 25.9%, of which in Binh Thuan province was 17.6% and that in Bac Giang province was 33.2%. Among students who drank before, 80% of them reported of consuming from 1 to 2 drinks, while 8.6% reported consuming 3 or 4 drinks on a typical day when drinking. The reported rate of drink-driving among these students was 12.1%. Conclusion: Alcohol consumption and driving after drinking among high school students are alarming in Vietnam. The findings suggest an urgent need for a multi-sectorial approach to curtail drink driving among high school students in Vietnam as well as a need of developing an accessible model in the community to support young people to limit the drinking and drink-driving behavior. Key words: alcohol consumption, drink-driving, student