Inclusive Education in Emergencies: sfide e prospettive

Lo scenario internazionale restituisce una situazione allarmante sulle condizioni dell'infanzia nei contesti di emergenza umanitaria, determinati da catastrofi naturali, guerre e pandemie. Per molti anni le dimensioni di emergenza, educazione ed inclusione apparivano inconciliabili, fino a quando le politiche di cooperazione internazionale hanno iniziato ad adottare un approccio che si avvale dell'educazione e dell'inclusione come strumenti e dimensioni irrinunciabili nei contesti di crisi per la tutela dei diritti dell'infanzia. Le difficoltà presenti in questo tipo di intervento sono numerose ed eterogenee aprendo la riflessione pedagogica a domande fondamentali sul significato di un intervento educativo durante una crisi umanitaria, sulla possibilità di individuare gli assi pedagogici da adottare sulla base del contesto sociale culturale e politico ed infine, sull'importanza di garantire un approccio inclusivo. La riflessione si snoda attraverso l'analisi dell'approccio didattico inclusivo "Diamond Kite Project" (DkiteP) all'interno della Striscia di Gaza, avvalendosi delle testimonianze di tre attori chiave intervenuti a vario titolo nel processo di ideazione, formazione e implementazione dello strumento in ambito scolastico. L'analisi in merito al DkiteP ha messo in evidenza alcune questioni rilevanti connesse alla cornice teorica sull'Education in Emergencies (EiE): prima fra tutte, la sfida dell'inclusione scolastica nei contesti di emergenza si conferma tanto complessa quanto necessaria.

Building resilient education systems: A rapid review of the education in emergencies literature

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the vulnerabilities and inequalities of national education systems and hindered the education of millions of children globally. In response, the Global Education Monitoring (GEM) Centre, which is a long-term, strategic partnership between the Australian Council for Educational Research (ACER) and the Australian Government’s Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT), undertook a rapid review of literature to support policymakers. The research has six evidence-based outcomes that can help policymakers to build resilient education systems and thereby enhance education quality and equity during emergencies. The COVID-19 emergency provided the impetus for this research, with much of the reported data associated with this pandemic. Learnings from past education in emergencies situations have informed the understandings of the impacts and implications of the COVID-19 emergency, and have been synthesised with the COVID-19 literature to inform policymakers about how to build resilient education systems. This report presents evidence relating to two main types of emergencies affecting education: natural disasters and communicable disease, and political conflicts. Both types of emergencies can also coalesce within the same education system, resulting in complex and often protracted emergencies. This review found that emergencies impact education in two main ways: endangering children’s wellbeing, and exacerbating unequal learning outcomes.

Emergency remote teaching of French as a foreign language: Course adequacy to the INEE standards

The objective of this paper is to explore the adequacy of French as a foreign language (FFL), with specific context to teaching and learning of the beginners' course for the International Network for Education in Emergencies (INEE) standards. Specifically, in terms of the impact of coronavirus pandemic on teaching foreign languages. The paper utilized qualitative methodology with the two mediums of direct observation and the open questionnaire. According to the study results, adaptive changes were seen in the curriculum, and these were in accordance with the INEE standards for education in emergencies. For example, revision in the contents, planning and methodologies. More specifically, while the Blackboard platform saw an increase in the new learning materials and written communicative activities in the forum; there was a clear reduction in the oral skills and language practice. Also, in comparison the use of traditional methodology was seen to be higher than the communicative method.

Educating Rohingya Children and Youth in Emergencies

Rohingyas have been subjected to genocide, and their children have been systematically deprived of basic to tertiary education since 1982. Now that 1.3 million of them have taken refuge in Bangladesh, of which approximately half of them are children, they are receiving education again. Education in the camps is being delivered through formal and informal channels. In addition, while the young children between the ages of 4-8 receive some education, the adolescents are left out. At present, Rohingya children face a two-fold problem (lack of progressive education and access). In this context, this chapter draws key conceptual frames mostly from International Network for Education in Emergencies (INEE) members' works. The findings shared in this chapter were drawn from a qualitative research that was conducted for a book project by the author in February 2018 and April 2019 in Bangladesh. The chapter contains the genesis of education in emergencies, Rohingya children and youth situation and challenges in the education sector, and the need for multicultural education for Rohingya children and youth.