Goa’s Football Story

Frederick Noronha synthesizes an account of the rich social and political history of football in Goa, with the crosscurrents of the influence of the church, and the former Portuguese rulers, referencing the economic and political forces that shaped the game in later years. Goa’s links with football cannot be separated from the region’s long, 450-year legacy of Portuguese colonial rule. In recent years however, political parties, knowing the importance of football in Goa have used the game to curry favour among certain sections of the population. Wealthy and influential names dominate the football associations. On the other hand, with rapid real estate growth, playing fields are disappearing shrinking the pool of talent. The author in this short chapter provides a glimpse of how various factors and agencies outside the sport impact on its development.

Perancangan taman edukasi di Sekolah Harapan Bunda Jimbaran

School is a place for students to learn and build their character. Meanwhile, environmental damage caused by human activities is increasing, so that environmental awareness on school need to be developed by providing educative facilities in the form of school open space. This created to fullfill comfortable school environments while providing educative facilities and build environmental awareness of students with the adiwiyata concept which is a school program aims to encourage schools to adopt behaviors that are respectful towards the environment. This research was conducted at Harapan Bunda School (HBS), Jimbaran, Bali which has a large open space area but has not been optimized. Several facilities have been damaged due to dysfunction. The study aims to design a gardenbased learning area to optimize the potential of the outdoor space and solve the problem in the HBS. Method used in this research was field survey by implementing data collection techniques such as observation, interviews, questionnaire and literature studies. The results showed that the SHB area was designed by dividing the area into three main area i.e. activity areas, functional areas and areas of space requirements. Areas of activity include active and passive areas. Whereas, functional areas include reception areas, connecting areas and main areas. According to space requirements, the area were divided into built areas, open space and green open space equipped with pergola facilities and some benchs to support passive activities and playing fields to support active activities. Hydroponic areas and vertical gardens are also provided support green open spaces.

Telling Reproductive Stories: Social Scripts, Relationality and Donor Conception

Storytelling is a fundamental part of human interaction; it is also deeply social and political in nature. In this article, I explore reproductive storytelling as a phenomenon of sociological consequence. I do so in the context of donor conception, which used to be managed through secrecy but where children are now perceived ‘to have the right’ to know about their genetic origins. I draw on original qualitative data with families of donor conceived children, and bringing my data into conversation with social script theory and the concept of relationality, I investigate the disjuncture between the value now placed on openness and storytelling, and the absence of an existing social script by which to do so. I show the nuanced ways in which this absence plays out on relational playing-fields, within multidimensional, intergenerational relationships. I suggest that in order to understand sociologically the significance and process of reproductive storytelling, it is vital to keep both the role of social scripts, and embedded relationality, firmly in view.

Repetitive Overseeding for Ecological Management of Grass Playing Fields

Because of public concern about exposing children to pesticides, legislation restricting its use on school playing fields has increased. One way to manage weeds without chemical herbicides is overseeding or the practice of repetitively seeding with a rapidly germinating turfgrass species. Overseeding for broadleaf weed control was tested on eight fields in Central New York (CNY) for three seasons and 40 fields across the northeastern United States for two seasons. Half of each field was treated each season by overseeding Lolium perenne L. (perennial ryegrass) three to five times each season for a total of 731 kg seed/ha (15 lb per 1000 ft2). Changes in the percent broadleaf weeds, grass, bare ground, soil moisture, Dark Green Color Index (DGCI) of grass cover, depth to soil compaction, and shear strength were measured after each treatment. The percent broadleaf weeds decreased and the percent grass cover increased due to overseeding in the Northeast fields, but not in CNY fields. Depth to compaction, percent soil moisture, and shear strength varied over time in the Northeast fields, and the percent bare ground, DGCI, and soil moisture varied over time in CNY fields. DGCI in the Northeast and soil compaction in CNY were affected by the interaction of overseeding × time. Although overseeding can be a beneficial weed management tool and affect other turf and soil traits in an integrated turf management program, monitoring environmental conditions and supporting field maintenance routines are critical weed management strategies for maintaining healthy turfgrass.

АКСИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ПОДХОД В ПРАКТИКЕ ИНКЛЮЗИВНОГО ТЕАТРА

The paper briefly describes specifics of an inclusive theatre, which is direction of amateur theatrical activities that gains popularity aimed at assistance in rehabilitation and socialization processes of spectators with disabilities. Authors consider the key principles of arrangement of educational and cultural space adapted to realities of the modern social theatre for persons with physical and mental disabilities. Also, the article sums results of inclusive theatrical playing fields of the last years run on educational platform “Parus” (Eng.: “Sail”) within the frames of International Youth Forum “Altai. Points of Growth” (Altai Krai, Russia).

New Moral Worlds

Chapter 6 brings the history of modern sport and the modern school together. In the Uppingham School Archives there’s a photograph of the school cricket team gathered round its ambitious and reforming headmaster Rev. Edward Thring. At this moment (1858) Thring was involved in painful disputes with these boys, trivial struggles that confirmed in his mind if not theirs the need to build a network of powerful schools committed to reforming the character of elite young men. He and his brother headmasters spent their lives reinventing these so called ‘public’ schools as new moral worlds. Chapter 6 looks also at the Girls Public Day School Company (1872) and its work towards the proper education of middle-class young women. Sport and gender was vital to both campaigns although how vital rather depended on the extent to which girls won a new independent voice and the boys retained their old one. Public schools were seen by their inventors as new moral worlds but they could be new immoral worlds as well. Or, to put it another way, the schools were reconfigured as closed institutions deliberately designed to influence the character and behaviour of the young. By the beginning of the twentieth century the leading public schools were seen as uniquely successful enterprises, obsessed with the athletic body, significant and forceful in the definition of what a ‘school’ should be, stately and beautiful, and surrounded almost by definition by playing fields. A new set of national icons had been created.