OPEN AIR CELEBRATIONS IN LENINGRAD'S SUBURBS IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF CULTURAL TOURISM IN THE 1950S (THE CASE OF PALACE AND GARDEN COMPLEX OF PAVLOVSK (LENINGRAD OBLAST, THE USSR))

Palace and garden complexes located at suburbs of Leningrad (Leningrad Oblast, the USSR) rapidly reconstructed after ruinous German occupation during the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945 became popular places for open air celebrations among Soviet citizens. The author outlines historic specifics of open air celebrations considered as a form of organization of leisure time, topics and content of cultural programs, analyses an evolution of forms of museum communication with visitors in early post-war time drawing on the example of Pavlovsk of the 1950s. The article gives the author's view on a role of integration historical and cultural resources (including monuments of architecture and decorative art) into the context of solution of personal growth, educational, recreational tasks of Soviet social pedagogics, measures aimed at state support to domestic tourism sector.

INDEPENDENT ENSEMBLES AND NEW DIRECTIONS IN THEATRICAL ART OF BELARUS OFTHE 2010S

The paper briefly describes creative activity of Belarusian independent theatre ensembles in experimental genres of stage art in the 2010s. Range of creative quest of Belarusian theatre of the second decade of the 21st century embraces various genres and directions: social, documentary, inclusive theatre, interactive baby theatre, puppet show, etc. The author points out on creative approach of Belarusian independent theatre figures to understanding and adaptation of conceptual and artistic achievement of directors' and actors' experiences f the world theatre, that exclude its blind taking.

ОБРАЗЫ СКИФСКОЙ МИФОЛОГИИ В ТВОРЧЕСТВЕ ХУДОЖНИКА НИКОЛАЯ МАРЦИ

В статье анализируются проблемы сохранения культурно-исторической памяти в условиях разнообразия регионального наследия Сибири; обозначается важность укрепления межнациональных связей с помощью искусства, в данном случае живописи, как фиксатора культурно-исторической памяти. В качестве примера рассматривается творчество новосибирского художника Николая Марци (род. 1973 г.) как посредника между современностью и далеко от нас отстоящим в историческом прошлом миром скифов. Его картины выступают как феномен сохранения культурно-исторической памяти и воссоздают образы скифского времени, а также отражают духовную жизнь народов Горного Алтая.

ГЕРМЕНЕВТИЧЕСКИЙ ПОДХОД К ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЙ ПОДГОТОВКЕ ВЫПУСКНИКОВ ТВОРЧЕСКИХ ВУЗОВ

Поднимается проблема метода исследования, который учитывал бы специфику наук об искусстве. В качестве такого метода предлагается рассматривать герменевтическую логику с ее интерпретационными и «понимающими» приемами. Обращение авторов статьи к данной методологии позволило рассматривать художественные произведения как «тексты» с «прочтением» и «пониманием» их глубинных смыслов. Актуализируется использование герменевтического подхода в современном гуманитарном и творческом образовании в высшей школе, как наиболее адекватно отвечающего глобальным вызовам современности, способствующего преодолению клипового сознания современной молодёжи и становлению целостного мировосприятия. Подробно прописан алгоритм применения метода герменевтической логики, ядром которого является «герменевтический круг», инициирующий нелинейный процесс постижения многоуровневых смыслов произведений искусства. Рассмотрена диалоговая природа герменевтического подхода в образовании, эффективно применяемого как в познавательной, так и в исследовательской практике студентов.

TRADITIONS THAT BUILDING THE FUTURE

Review: Konstantinova, N. N. Local History Museum in Chita: a Story (1894–1970s). – Chita : Transbaikal State University : Ulan-Ude : Publ. House of the Republic of Buryatia, 2020. – 208 p. : pic.

CULTURAL DIVERSITY AND UNITY OF APPROACHES TO CONSIDERING THEM

The paper gives a review of theoretical points for philosophical understanding of a phenomenon of integration and unification processes flow in sphere of global social and cultural dynamics. Etymological description of a concept “culture” is outlined, key versions of explanation of the definition in the today's academic literature is presented. The author sums up views of outstanding cultural anthropologists and philosophers of culture on influence that world-wide tendencies of internationalization of cultural values and commercialization of cultural sectors of national economies have on local cultural organisms. Also, the paper states critical analysis of ideas of multiculturalism, cross-cultural tolerance in the context of preservation cultural diversity and harmonization of inter-ethnic relations in multi-ethnic areas.

PERSPECTIVE LINES FOR EXPLOITATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE SITES LOCATED WITHIN THE FRAMES OF PROTECTED ZONES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

The paper briefly outlines legal framework of activities run by the modern Russian state for physical safekeeping cultural heritage sites, one of key form of which is making zones of protected natural landscape. The authors trace a graduately process of mainstreaming issues concerning preservation historical and cultural heritage sites and integration of these constructions into a structure of economic, social and cultural development of regions of the country. Researchers analyze a set of current problems in sphere of preservation and state protection of cultural heritage sites (such as lack of monetary funds and skilled workforce for repair and restoration, fulfilling research tasks, etc. Also, the article reviews ongoing programs for preservation cultural heritage sites located in the Russian capital, Moscow.

CRISIS OF CULTURAL IDENTITY IN THEATRE IN THE CONTEXT OF MAINSTREAMING OF PERFORMATIVITY AESTHETIC

. Immediacy of the paper is related with strengthening of points of performative aesthetic in culture and art of last two decades. Accordingly to that, authors consider a conflict between two aesthetic paradigms of theatric culture: performative, on the one side, and psychological and realistic, on the other side. The researchers trace a correlation between appearance of a crisis in theatrical culture and transformation of cultural identity. Also, the paper clarifies a concept “cultural identity”, considers manifestations of crisis of cultural identity in theatre, reveals aesthetic values of two paradigms mentioned above, highlights related contradictions, mark perspectives in researching identification process in modern theatre.

ДУХОВНО-ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ КУЛЬТУРА РУССКОГО КРЕСТЬЯНСКОГО МИРА ЗАПАДНОЙ СИБИРИ

The paper analyses spiritual, ecological, work experience of historical Russian peasant world of West Siberia (Russia). A role of peasant community, a family in developing of spiritual and ecological traditions of rural community is considered. The author notices a significant of traditional peasant work-related and ecological practices in complicated periods of Russian history. Also, the article debates an importance of basic spiritual and ecological values formed inside peasant community for the current situation.

ОТКРЫТЫЕ ФОНДЫ КАК СПОСОБ АКТУАЛИЗАЦИИ МУЗЕЙНЫХ СОБРАНИЙ

Drawing on the example of the work of biggest museum institutions of the today’s Russia, the author of the article describes peculiarities of open keeping of museum stock, interprets actual trend of development of Russian museum sector that lies in reverse a prohibition on open showing of most valuable part of museum items and collections. It is noticed that while maintaining keeping conditions and instrumentation of museum depository with engineering and technical means and systems, long-term safety of the most valuable museum items is beyond danger.