Synthesis Of Mg/Al Hydrotalsite-Magnetite As CN- Ion Adsorbent On Wastewater Tapioca Industry

Cyanide compounds contained in tapioca industrial wastewater are relatively high, so it is necessary to reduce cyanide levels. This study utilizes the hydrotalcite-magnetite ability to adsorption of CN- ions. The composite formation process is carried out by mixing the magnetite phase at the stage of hydrotalcite-magnetite synthesis. The characterization of X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) shows reflection of the magnetite peak of 2θ 21.42°; 30,28°; 33.40°;35.65° and 37°. While the peak of hydrotalocites at an angle of 11.66° ; 23,33° ; 34,80° ; 60,92° ; and 62.21°. This result is supported by ir spectra on hydrotalocytes shown by O-H group at wave number 3441 cm-1, O=C-O at wave numbers 1359 cm-1, M-O and M-OH at wave numbers 964 cm-1, 797 cm-1 and 673 cm-1. Fe-O and Fe-OH absorption from magnetites at wave numbers 892 cm-1, 798 cm-1 and 629 cm-1. 0.4 grams of hydrotalcite-magnetite at 30 minutes of stirring absorbed 0.0490 mg/L of cyanide from tapioca liquid waste solution. The value of adsorption capacity is 0.022 mg/g and the adsorption efficiency is 87.96%. The hydrotalcite-magnetite adsorption method is superior to aerob and anaerobic methods using bacteria in the tapioca industry.

Antioxidant Activity of Uli Banana Peel Extract (Musa x Paradisiaca L. AAB)

Banana plants are native to Indonesia wich are easy to find and have various benefits ranging from roots, stems, fruits until peel. Uli banana (Musa x Paradisiaca L. AAB) is one kind of processed banana that is easy to find. The study aimed to determine the antioxidant activity of banana peel extract of uli (Musa x Paradisiaca L. AAB) wich was carried out by maceration using n-hexane and ethanol solvents then fractionated with ethyl acetate and distilled water. Phytochemical screening showed that the uli banana peel extract contained flavonoids and tannins. Antioxidant activity was measured by using UV-Vis Spectrophotometry with the DPPH (2-2, diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method and IC50 (Inhibitory Concentration) test parameters. The results showed that the antioxidant activity of IC50 was 114.86 µg/ml which was classified as moderate antioxidant intensity.

a Nanoemulsi Fraksi Daun Pelawan (Tristaniopsis merguensis Griff) Sebagai Antidiabetes

Diabetes melitus adalah peningkatan kadar gula dalam darah dan sekresi glukosa dalam urin akibat gangguan metabolisme sekresi insulin. Upaya penanganan diabetes melitus dapat dilakukan dengan terapi dan obat-obatan, namun hal ini dapat menimbulkan efek samping. Diabetes juga bisa diobati dengan ramuan herbal dari alam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi daun pelawan sebagai antidiabetes berupa nanoemulsi. Daun pelawan diekstraksi dengan aseton, kemudian dipartisi menggunakan pelarut MeOH: air, dipartisi lagi dengan etil asetat, kemudian dipartisi dengan pelarut n-heksana. Nanoemulsi dibuat menggunakan homogenizer dengan kecepatan pengadukan 8000 rpm selama 30 menit dengan komposisi 2,5 ml VCO, 10 ml tween 80 dan 37,5 ml air. Nanoemulsi dari MeOH: fraksi air dan etil asetat memiliki karakteristik yang lebih baik daripada nanoemulsi fraksi n-heksan. Nanoemulsi fraksi MeOH: air memiliki ukuran partikel 123,8 nm, sedangkan etil asetat memiliki ukuran partikel 153,9 nm. Sedangkan sediaan nanoemulsi n-heksan memiliki karakteristik ukuran partikel yang lebih besar yaitu 361 nm, dan memiliki indeks polidispersitas 0,625 nm. Uji antidiabetes menggunakan fraksi etil asetat dapat menghambat α-glukosidase sebesar 1,075% pada konsentrasi 2,5 mg / ml.

Rice Flour Potential As Biodegradable Plate (Bioplastic) In Terms Of It’s Characteristics

The nature of plastic which is difficult to decompose in nature can have a negative impact on the environtment and health. Encourages effort to develop bioplastik or biopolymer from nature in the formation product. In this study the formation of biodegradable modified rice flour biopolymers using strartfruit. The result of the formation of biodegradable plates with the addition of strartfruit result of water absorption and biodegradation tests also showed that the addition of the volume of 10,15,20,25 Ml could increase water absorption and biodegradation.So it can be concluded that strartfruit filtrate can be used in modifying biodegradable plate to improve it's characteristic

Photodegradation of Dyes From Cual Batik Waste Using TiO2 Photocatalyst From Ilmenite Bangka

Cual batik is one of the local products of the Bangka Belitung Islands. The expansion of cual batik in Bangka Belitung continues to increase, resulting in an increase in the production of cual batik cloth. Cual batik contains remasol dyes which are carcinogenic so that waste handling is appropriate and safe for the surrounding environment. One of them is using the TiO2 photocatalytic method from ilmenite Bangka. The results of XRF characterization showed that the TiO2 content after magnetic separator and HCl washing reached 69,975% and 77,260%. The results of XRD characterization showed that the optimal temperature of calcination was at 700ºC with the peak diffraction intensity of anatase TiO2 crystals at 2θ 48.9º, 53.53º and 53.92º. In FTIR characterization, there is a functional group spectrum of titanium dioxide (TiO2) at the absorption wave number 795 cm-1 showing Ti-O-Ti stretching vibrations, at wavenumber 2326 cm-1 showing Ti-O stretching vibrations. The results of photodegradation of cual batik waste showed a decrease in the dye content of remazol briliant blue when exposed to UV lamps and sunlight at contact times of 30, 60, and 90 minutes 85.21%, 82,75%, and 86,72% (UV light); 70,75%, 78,92%, and 93.51% (sunlight).

Validation of Modification of Volumetric Methode of Determination of Sn (Tin) Concentration on Tin Concentrates

The analysis techniques for determining the concentration of Stanum (Sn) in Tin Concentrate has been developing since the 19th century. Various methods and analysis techniques are to find the most effective and efficient method enabling to achieve optimal results. In this study, a modification of the classic volumetric method that has been used includes modifications to the use of materials and tools in the analysis. In this study, validation and verification of the modified method was also carried out by determining the value of the parameters of Precision, Accuracy, Method of Detection Limit (MDL) and the Ruggedness and Robustness of the method and comparing the acceptability value based on the existing provisions. on the EURACHEM guide. After performing 25 tests using the NCS DC 35002 Certified Reference Material, it was revealed the value of the parameters for the Precision/Relative Standard Deviation (RSD) to be 0.21% (<0.5 CV Horwitz), the accuracy value is 99.9% with bias 0.06%, the MDL values for Minimum Detection Limit (MDL) and Limit of Quantification (LOQ) are 0.4% and 1.32%, respectively. The value of the ruggedness and robustness of the method was carried out by testing at different times and by different analysts and obtained RSD 0.22% (<2/3 CV Horwitz). From the values of the parameters obtained, it can be concluded that the modification of this method fulfills the acceptance value required by EURACHEM.

The Toxicity Test on Larvae of Shrimp (Artemia salina L.) of Lindur Fruit Peel Extract (Bruguiera gymnorrhiza) and Identification of Its Bioactive Compounds

Indonesia is the most mangrove-rich country, both in terms of area quantity and number of species. Mangrove plants have potential as a source of medicinal compounds. Bruguiera gymnorrhiza is a type of mangrove plant which is a source of medicinal plants from the Rhizoporaceae family. Ethanol extract of the stem bark of B. gymnorhiza has been known to have cytotoxic activity with an IC50 of 508.19 µg/mL against myeloma cancer cells (Rahmah, 2021). The aim of this study was to determine the toxicity of lindur fruit peel extract (B. gymnorrhiza) on Artemia salina Leach shrimp larvae. Lindur fruit peel extraction was carried out by maceration method using methanol solvent which was then fractionated with n-hexane and ethyl acetate as solvent. All extract fractions obtained were then tested for toxicity against shrimp larvae Artemia salina Leach by BSLT (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test) method. Extract fractions with the highest toxicity were identified for their bioactive compounds using UV-Visible and FT-IR spectrophotometers. The results of the toxicity test showed that the lindur fruit peel extract was toxic to A. salina L. and the most toxic fraction was the n-hexane fraction with an LC50 value of 34.109 ppm. The results of the analysis using UV-Visible and FT-IR spectrophotometers the active compound in the hexane fraction of lindur fruit extract (B. gymnorrhiza) contains terpenoid which has double bond conjugated that showed by the existence of an electronic transition of π →π* that was conjugated and there are clusters of -OH, C=O, C=C, aromatic, C-H and C-O groups.

Concentration Optimization Na2CO3 Alginates From Turbinaria sp. As Raw Material Electrolite Polymer For DSSC

Polymer electrolyte DSSC is one component of the application can convert solar energy into electrical energy. The polymer electrolyte can be synthesized from brown seaweed Turbinaria sp. However, the optimization of alginate extraction has not been widely carried out, so the aim of this study was to determine the optimum conditions for variations in the concentration of Na2CO3 (3%, 5%, 7%) in extracts from Turbinaria sp as raw material for polymer electrolyte synthesis for DSSC. Alginate optimum extraction results known by percentage yield, moisture content and functional groups using FTIR analysis. The optimum conditions for alginate extraction from Turbinaria sp are Na2CO3 5% and a temperature of 60 oC with a yield of 23.81% and a moisture content of 8.1%. FTIR results also indicate the intensity of the strongest mannuronic seen at 822cm-1 wave numbers.

Efisiensi Adsorpsi Ion Logam Zink (II) Menggunakan Komposit Fe3O4/Kaolin Asal Bangka

Penelitian mengenai efisiensi adsorpsi ion logam Zn2+ telah dilakukan menggunakan komposit Fe3O4-kaolin asal Bangka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik komposit Fe3O4-kaolin menggunakan FTIR dan XRD, menentukan efisiensi adsorpsi ion logam Zn2+ oleh kaolin alam teraktivasi, Fe3O4, dan komposit Fe3O4-kaolin (1:1, 1:2 dan 1:3) serta mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi terhadap efisiensi adsorpsi ion logam Zn2+ oleh komposit Fe3O4-kaolin. Hasil analisis FTIR dan XRD menunjukkan bahwa komposit Fe3O4-kaolin berhasil disintesis. Berdasarkan hasil karakterisasi dengan FTIR pada Fe3O4-kaolin menunjukkan terbentuknya komposit dengan adanya puncak serapan pada bilangan gelombang 3685 cm-1 dan 683,89 cm-1 yang merupakan puncak serapan khas dari kaolin dan pada bilangan gelombang 3448,32 cm-1 merupakan puncak serapan khas Fe3O4 yang memungkinkan untuk berikatan dengan kaolin. Selain itu hasil analisis XRD komposit Fe3O4-kaolin menunjukkan adanya puncak difraksi pada 2θ = 12,23o; 20,83o; 24,83o; 26,6o; 30,48o; 35,625o dan 62,5o yang terdiri atas kaolin dan Fe3O4. Efisiensi adsorpsi kaolin alam teraktivasi, Fe3O4, Fe3O4-kaolin (1:1, 1:2 dan 1:3) dapat menyerap ion logam Zn2+ masing-masing sebesar 99,18%, 44,76%, 99.25%, 94,63% dan 76,25%, dengan efisiensi adsorpsi terbesar terdapat pada komposit Fe3O4-kaolin (1:1). Efisiensi adsorpsi ion logam Zn2+ oleh komposit Fe3O4-kaolin (1:1) mencapai 49,57% pada konsentrasi ion logam Zn2+ sebesar 20 mg/L. Kata kunci: adsorpsi, efisiensi, Fe3O4-kaolin, komposit, Zn2+

Uji Aktivitas Antiinflamasi Ekstrak Etanol Daun Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) Terhadap Penghambatan Denaturasi Protein

Inflammation is a cell breakdown caused by bacteria, chemical substances, mechanical trauma and physical trauma. Testing of such anti-inflammatory activity can be done in-vitro with the method of protein denaturation using natural materials starfruit leaf (Averrhoa Oxalidaceae L.). This research aims to determine the comparison of the activity of ethanol extract in the strafruit leaf and sodium diclofenac. strafruit Leaf Ethanol extract is made with a concentration of 1 ppm, 10 ppm and 100 ppm with the comparator of sodium diclofenac. Antiinflammatory resistance is obtained by calculating the percentage of inhibition of protein denaturation. The result of a test of strafruit leaf ethanol extract (Averrhoa Oxalidaceae L.) with a value of IC50 of 20.20 μg/mL indicates an inhibitory percentage of more than 20% at the lowest concentration of 1 ppm, while IC50 sodium diclofenac of 14.93 μg/mL with an inhibitory percentage of more than 20% at 5 ppm .