Fostering Students’ Retention in Photosynthesis Using Concept Mapping and Cooperative Mastery Learning Instructional Strategies

<p style="text-align: justify;">The performance in biology at the secondary level has not been as good as expected. This has been a matter of concern. Thus, there has been a continuous focus on exploring newer innovative learner-centered and friendly instructional strategies to enhance understanding and retention in biology. This study, therefore, determined the effects of Concept Mapping (CM) and Cooperative Mastery Learning (CML) on fostering retention in photosynthesis among secondary schools in Nyamagabe district, Rwanda. A pre-test and post-test non-equivalent control group quasi-experimental design was used. Data were obtained from 151 students taught with CM, 144 students taught with CML, and 154 students taught with Conventional Teaching Methods (CTM). The Photosynthesis Retention Test (KR-21= 0.82) was used for data collection. The data were mainly analyze d using mean and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). The results showed that the CM and CML treatment groups outperformed the CTM group in retention in photosynthesis. There was a statistically significant difference in favor of the CM between the two experimental groups. The male and female students taught using CM retained equally in photosynthesis while gender difference was revealed in the mean retention scores of the students exposed to the CML, with females retained significantly higher than males. The study concluded that the CM and CML strategies were more effective than CTM. It was suggested, among other things, that teachers should be encouraged to apply CM and CML strategies when teaching biology.</p>

UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR BAHASA INDONESIA PADA KEMAMPUAN BERPIDATO PERSUASIF DENGAN TINGKAT PERCAYA DIRI SISWA KELAS 9 SMPN 22 JAKARTA BARAT

The goal of this study is to develop persuasive speech skills and confidence in the Indonesian language subject for class IX of SMP Negeri 22 West Jakarta in the 2021/2022 academic year. This is a classroom action research study (CAR). The participants in this study were 34 students in grade IX from SMP Negeri 22 West Jakarta during the academic year 2021/2022. This study was classified into four stages: (1) preparation, (2) implementation, (3) observation, and (4) reflection. The study was divided into three (three) cycles: cycle I, cycle II, and cycle III. The findings of this study show that self-confidence has an impact on Indonesian students' learning outcomes, particularly their capacity to deliver compelling speeches in class IX at SMP Negeri 22 during the 2021/2022 academic year. The average value of 58.69 was calculated from the results of the first cycle analysis, with a degree of completeness of 70%. The average value was 74.59 in the second cycle, with an 84.29 percent completion rate. This indicates that students have not yet attained full mastery of their subject matter. Cycle III saw a rise, with an average value of 83.99 or already being included in very good criteria with a percentage of completion of 90.67 percent.This demonstrates that the average value and percentage of mastery learning scores increased in cycle III, and this research is completed in cycle III because these 3 (three) criteria matched the criteria for completeness. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar kemampuan berpidato persuasif dengan tingkat percaya diri pada mata pelajaran bahasa Indonesia untuk kelas IX SMP Negeri 22 Jakarta Barat tahun pelajaran 2021/2022. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Subjek dalam penelitian ini yaitu siswa kelas IX SMP Negeri 22 Jakarta Barat tahun ajaran 2021/2022 berjumlah 34 siswa. Prosedur penelitian ini dilakukan melalui empat tahapan yaitu: (1) perencanaan, (2) pelaksanaan, (3) pengamatan dan (4) refleksi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan melalui 3 (tiga) siklus terdiri dari siklus I dan siklus II. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tingkat percaya diri berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar bahasa Indonesia khususnya kemampuan berpidato persuasif pada siswa kelas IX SMP Negeri 22 tahun ajaran 2021/2022. Dari hasil análisis siklus I diperoleh nilai rata-rata 58,69 dengan persentase ketuntasan 70%. Pada siklus II diperoleh nilai rata-rata adalah 74,59 dengan persentase ketuntasan 84,29%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa siswa belum sepenuhnya mencapai ketuntasan belajar. Pada siklus III, ada peningkatan, peningkatan untuk siklus III dengan nilai rata-rata 83,99 atau sudah termasuk kriteria sangat baik dengan persentase ketuntasan mencapai 90,67%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa adanya peningkatan nilai rata-rata dan presentase nilai ketuntasan belajar pada siklus III, karena 3 (tiga) kriteria ini sudah memenuhi kriteria ketuntasan maka penelitian ini diselesaikan di siklus III.

Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe STAD untuk Meningkatkan Aktivitas dan Hasil Belajar Matematika dengan Alat Peraga Gelas Variabel bagi Siswa SMPN 3 Kayangan

This study aims to improve student activity and learning outcomes on the subject matter of linear equations with one variable with the help of variable glass props through STAD Type Cooperative learning for students of SMPN 3 Kayangan, North Lombok Regency. This research method uses classroom action research with qualitative and quantitative approaches, which are carried out in 2 cycles. Each cycle consists of stages of implementation, giving action, observation, and reflection. The subjects of this study were students of class VII.2 SMPN 3 Kayangan, totaling 33 students. Data collection techniques used observation sheets and tests were then analyzed descriptively qualitatively and quantitatively. The results of this study indicate that the increase in student learning outcomes in the first cycle obtained mastery learning reached 54.55% with an average value of 64.45. In the second cycle, the learning completeness was obtained by 66.7% with an average value of 66.6. From the results of this study, it was concluded that the STAD Type Cooperative approach learning could increase the activity and learning outcomes of class VII.2 students of SMP Negeri 3 Kayangan, North Lombok.

DEVELOPMENT OF TEACHING MATERIALS FOR HANDLING HAZARDOUS AND NON HAZARDOUS WASTE BASED ON SETS

The purpose of this study is to obtain the feasibility of teaching materials that handle hazardous and non-hazardous waste based on Science, Environment, Technology, and Society (SETS). The research design used refers to the 4-D development model (four-D Models) recommended by Thiagarajan which consists of four stages, namely define, design, develop, and disseminate, which is limited to the development stage. The samples in this study were 34 students of class X 2 SMK Negeri 5 Surabaya. The results showed that the validity of teaching materials obtained a percentage of 83,27% with a very valid category, observation of students 97.62% was very practical, the test of student learning outcomes increased with the acquisition of N-Gain of 0.7 in the category high, as many as 100% of students achieve mastery learning and the questionnaire responses of students as much as 90.59% are very practical. This shows that SETS-based teaching materials on hazardous and non-hazardous waste handling materials for vocational high school students are proper to be used in the learning process.

Development of a Simulation Surgical Cricothyroidotomy Curriculum for Novice Providers: A Learning Curve Study

ABSTRACT Introduction Airway obstruction is the third most common cause of preventable death on the battlefield, accounting for 1%–2% of total combat fatalities. No previous surgical cricothyroidotomy (SC) studies have analyzed the learning curve required to obtain proficiency despite being studied in numerous other surgical technique training experiments. The aims of this study were to establish expert SC performance criteria, develop a novel standardized SC curriculum, and determine the necessary number of practice iterations required by a novice to reach this pre-determined performance goal. Materials and Methods A standardized checklist and SC performance standards were established based on the performance of 12 board certified Military Health System surgeons with prior experience on performing a SC using a simulated trauma mannequin. Expert-level criteria were defined as a SC time to completion of 40 s or less and checklist score of at least 9/10, including all critical steps. Study subjects included 89 novice providers (54 active-duty first- and second-year medical students and 35 Navy corpsmen). Subjects received instruction on performing a SC using the principles of mastery learning and performed a final test of SC proficiency on a trauma mannequin within a realistic simulated MEDEVAC helicopter. The total number of subject practice attempts, checklist scores, and time to completion were measured and/or blindly scored. Learning curve and exponential plateau equations were used to characterize their improvement in mean time to SC completion and checklist scores. Results Mean pre-test knowledge scores for the entire group were 11.8 ± 3.1 out of 24 points. Total mean practice learning plateaued at checklist scores of 9.9/10 after 7 iterations and at a mean completion time of 30.4 s after 10 iterations. During the final test performance in the helicopter, 67.4% of subjects achieved expert-level performance on the first attempt. All subjects achieved expert-level performance by the end of two additional attempts. While a significantly larger proportion of medical students (79.9%) successfully completed the helicopter test on the first attempt compared to corpsmen (54.3%), there were no statistically significant differences in mean SC completion times and checklist scores between both groups (P &gt; 0.05). Medical students performed a SC only 1.3 s faster and scored only 0.16 points higher than corpsmen. The effect size for differences were small to negligible (Cohen’s d range 0.18–0.33 for SC completion time; Cohen’s d range 0.45–0.46 for checklist scores). Conclusion This study successfully defined SC checklist scores and completion times based on the performance of experienced surgeons on a simulator. Using these criteria and the principles of mastery learning, novices with little knowledge and experience in SC were successfully trained to the level of experienced providers. All subjects met performance targets after training and overall performance plateaued after approximately seven iterations. Over two-thirds of subjects achieved the performance target on the first testing attempt in a simulated helicopter environment. Performance was comparable between medical student and corpsmen subgroups. Further research will assess the durability of maintaining SC skills and the timing for introducing refresher courses after initial skill acquisition.

Penerapan Pembelajaran Terpadu Model Integrated Dalam Meningkatkan Minat Dan Prestasi Belajar Bahasa Indonesia Siswa Kelas V-C SD Negeri Beroanging Kecamatan Tallo Kota Makassar

Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitin ini adalah (1) Mendekripsikan peningkatan minat belajar bahasa Indonesia siswa kelas V-C SD Negeri Beroanging Kecamatan Tallo Kota Makassar setelah penerapan pembelajaran terpadu model integrated; dan (2) mendeskripsikan peningkatan prestasi belajar Bahasa Indonesia siswa kelas V-C SD Negeri Beroanging Kecamatan Tallo Kota Makassar setelah penerapan. Pembelajaran terpadu model integrated. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) dengan menggunakan desain penelitian PTK, yang meliputi: perencanaan tindakan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi dan evaluasi, serta refleksi. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa (1) minat belajar bahasa Indonesia siswa kelas V-C SD Negeri Beroanging Kecamatan Tallo Kota Makassar mengalami peningkatan setelah menggunakan pembelajaran terpadu model integrated. Minat belajar Bahasa Indonesia siswa kelas V-C SD Negeri Beroanging Kecamatan Tallo Kota Makassar mengalami peningkatan setelah menggunakan pembelajaran terpadu model integrated. Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh cepatnya siswa datang ke sekolah; selalu mengerjakan PR; suka mngerjakan soal dan latihan, baik di sekolah maupun di rumah; tidak suka membolos; suka mengulangi pelajaran di rumah; selalu memperhatikan penjelasan guru; aktif bertanya; aktif menjawab; aktif berdiskusi, bersungguh-sungguh dalam belajar, aktif mengerjakan tugas di kelas; aktif bekerja sama dalam belajar; saling melengkapi jawaban dalam diskusi; menjaga sopan santun dan tata krama, serta disiplin dalam bekerja/mengerjakan tugas; dan (2) prestasi belajar bahasa Indonesia siswa kelas V.C - SD Negeri Beroanging Kecamatan Tallo Kota Makassar mengalami peningkatan setelah menggunakan pembelajaran terpadu model integrated, yang ditunjukkan oleh nilai hasil belajar pada siklus I baru mencapai 34,78 % (8 orang) yang mencapai ketuntasan belajar berdasarkan Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal (KKM) dengan nilai 80, kemudian mengalami peningkatan yang sangat signifikan pada siklus II menjadi 100 % (23 orang siswa). Dengan demikian, pada siklus II tidak ada siswa yang tidak tuntas berdasarkan KKM, sehingga prestasi helajar siswa mengalami peningkatan yang sangat tinggi. The objectives that will be achieved in this research are : (1) to describe the improvement of the students’ interest in learning Indonesian language at the grade V-C students of SD Negeri Beroanging, Tallo District, Makassar City using the application of the integrated learning model; and (2) describe the improvement of Indonesian language learning achievement of the grade V-C students of SD Negeri Beroanging, Tallo District, Makassar City using the application of the integrated learning model. This study is classroom action research (CAR), which includes: planning action, action implementation, observation and evaluation, and reflection. The results of this research concludes that: (1) the interest in learning Indonesian language of the grade V-C students of SD Negeri Beroanging, Tallo District, Makassar City, improved after the use of the integrated learning model. This can be seen from the improvement of students’ interest and the enthusiasm of students’ learning, students’ achievement, students’ interest in discussing and expressing opinions, students’ interest in deepening or expanding to understand the material presented by the teacher, students’ interest in reading other books as a support in indonesian language learning, and students' interest in doing assignments or homework; and (2) Indonesian language learning achievement of the grade V-C students of SD Negeri Beroanging, Tallo District, Makassar City, increased after the use of the integrated learning model. This can be seen from the learning outcomes in the first cycle only reaching 34.78% (8 people) who achieve mastery learning based on the Minimum Completeness Criteria (KKM) with a value of 80, then this figure experienced a significant increase in the second cycle to 100% (23 students). Thus, in the second cycle there were no students who did not complete based on the KKM, so that the students' learning achievement experienced a dramatically high improvement.

Optimization of the Application of Inclusive Teaching Style in Improving Learning Outcomes Forehand Push Table Tennis Game in Class XI IPA 1 Private Senior Highschool PAB Saentis

This study aims to find out how to improve learning outcomes of Forehand Push table tennis game through inclusive teaching style in class XI IPA 1 Private Senior Highschool PAB SAENTIS. The object of this research is class XI students with 25 students who will be given action in the form of inclusive teaching style on Forehand Push learning outcomes. In the first cycle, it could be seen that the students' initial ability to perform the Forehand Push technique was still low. Of the 25 students there are 15 people (60%) who have achieved mastery learning, while 10 people (40%) have not achieved mastery learning. With the average value of student learning outcomes is 76.3. Meanwhile, in the second cycle, it can be seen that the students' ability to perform classical learning outcomes tests has increased. Of the 25 students there are 20 (80%) who have achieved mastery learning, while 5 people (20%) have not achieved mastery learning. With the average value of student learning outcomes is 80.7, so there is a 25% increase in learning outcomes from cycle I to cycle II. It can be concluded that learning through inclusive teaching style can improve forehand push learning outcomes in class XI IPA 1 Private Senior Highschool PAB SAENTIS.

MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN DARING DI MASA PANDEMI MELALUI APLIKASI CANVA UNTUK KELAS VI SDN KREMBANGAN SELATAN III SURABAYA

This study aims to ensure the implementation of online learning at SDN Krembangan Selatan III during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to measure the ability of teachers to design and implementing creative and innovative online learning according to students' conditions during School From Home (SFH). Teachers carry out digital-based learning by using applications in delivering learning materials to students. Canva application is one of the preferred applications that is considered very appropriate for presenting subject matter online. Canva for Education is an add-on fiture for interactive and comprehensive online learning, also the teaching and learning process can be conducted virtually. Canva for Education can help facilitate a learning environment that matches the continuity, access, and structure of education that makes online learning important. In this study, the researcher using the Research and Development (R&D) methods. The results of the analysis show that online learning creativity at SDN Krembangan Selatan III Surabaya in 2020 has achieved the expected goal, namely after students use the Canva application, learning is not monotonous, and the results have an impact on student academic achievement. Their average score rose, which was initially only 67.4 to 82. The use of the Canva application also affects the percentage of students who pass the mínimum criteria of mastery learning (KKM) from 33% increas to 87% after learning using Canva. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk memastikan keterlaksanaan pembelajaran daring di SDN Krembangan Selatan III selama pandemi COVID-19, dan mengukur kemampuan guru dalam merancang serta melaksanakan pembelajaran daring yang kreatif dan inovatif sesuai dengan kondisi siswa selama School From Home (SFH). Guru melaksanakan pembelajaran berbasis digital dengan menggunakan aplikasi Canva dalam menyampaikan materi pembelajaran kepada siswa. Aplikasi canva merupakan salah satu aplikasi pilihan yang dirasa sangat tepat untuk menyajikan materi pelajaran secara daring. Canva untuk Pendidikan adalah fitur tambahan untuk pembelajaran daring yang interaktif, pembelajaran menyeluruh, dan proses pembelajaran bisa dilakukan secara virtual. Canva untuk Pendidikan digunakan sebagai media lingkungan belajar yang menyamai kelangsungan, akses, dan struktur pendidikan yang membuat pentingnya pembelajaran daring. Penulis menggunakan metode penelitian pengembangan atau Research & Development (R&D). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kreativitas pembelajaran daring di SDN Krembangan Selatan III Surabaya Tahun 2020 telah mencapai tujuan yang diharapkan yaitu setelah siswa menggunakan aplikasi Canva pembelajaran tidak monoton, dan hasilnya berdampak pada prestasi akademik siswa. Nilai rata-rata mereka naik, yang awalnya hanya sebesar 67,4 menjadi 82. Penggunaan aplikasi canva juga mempengaruhi besarnya presentase siswa yang lolos KKM, dari 33% meningkat menjadi 87% jumlah siswa yang lolos KKM setelah melakukan pembelajaran dengan menggunakan canva

PENGGUNAAN METODE DRILL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN SISWA DALAM MENGHAFAL AYAT-AYAT AL-QUR’AN

Memorizing the verses of the Qur'an is a difficult competency for students to achieve in public schools, unattractive learning methods trigger students' difficulties in mastering this competency. This research focuses on the study of the application of the drill model in an effort to improve students' memorization skills of selected verses. This Classroom Action Research was conducted in two cycles, and it appears that the increase in the scores of the variables studied was quite significant in the second cycle. The average score of student activities that are relevant to learning has increased from the first cycle of 80.00% to 90.77%, an increase of 10.77%. While the average score of student activities that are less relevant to learning has decreased by 9.40%, in the first cycle the average score is 17.09%, while in the second cycle it is 7.69%. The ability of students to memorize surah an-Nisa verse 59 in the first cycle was 74.03 and in the second cycle was 83.36, classified as good, as well as mastery learning in the first cycle was 58.97% and in the second cycle was 87.18%. Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that the drill model can improve students' ability to memorize Surah an-Nisa verse 59 in Islamic Religious Education lessons for students in class XI IPA 1 SMA Negeri 1 Cikande Serang. ABSTRAKMenghfalkan ayat-ayat al-Qur’an adalah kompetensi yang sulit untuk dicapai para siswa di sekolah umum, metode pembelajaran yang tidak menarik menjadi pemicu kesulitan siswa dalam menguasai kompetensi ini. Penelitian ini fokus pada kajian penerapan model drill dalam upaya meningkatkan kemampuan hafalan siswa terhadap ayat-ayat pilihan. Penelitian Tindakan Kelas ini dilakukan dalam dua siklus, dan tampak kenaikan skor variabel yang diteliti cukup signifikan pada siklus kedua. Skor rata-rata aktivitas siswa yang relevan dengan pembelajaran mengalami peningkatan dari siklus pertama sebesar 80,00 % menjadi 90,77 %, mengalami kenaikan sebesar 10,77%. Sedangkan skor rata-rata aktivitas siswa yang kurang relevan dengan pembelajaran mengalami penurunan sebesar 9,40%, pada siklus pertama rata-rata skor 17,09%, sedangkan pada siklus kedua sebesar 7,69%. Kemampuan siswa menghafal surah an-Nisa ayat 59 pada siklus pertama sebesar 74,03 dan pada siklus kedua sebesar 83,36, tergolong baik, demikian juga ketuntasan belajar pada siklus pertama 58,97% dan pada siklus kedua menjadi 87,18%. Berdasarkan temuan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa model drill dapat meningkatkan kemampuansiswa dalam menghafal surah an-Nisa ayat 59 pada pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam pada siswa kelas XI IPA 1 SMA Negeri 1 Cikande Serang.