Factors Driving BIM Learning Performance: Research on China’s Sixth National BIM Graduation Design Innovation Competition of Colleges and Universities

With the popularization and rise in BIM technology usage, BIM education for undergraduate students in architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) related disciplines has emerged as a priority. This study assesses the BIM learning outcomes of students participating in the National BIM Graduation Design Innovation Competition of Colleges and Universities. In total, 2777 valid questionnaire responses were obtained for this study. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient method and principal component factor analysis method were used to verify the reliability of the data set (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.962, KMO = 0.965). The t-test (ANOVA) was used to verify that gender, school type, major, grade, study duration and use BIM related software, as well as other demographic attributes, displayed significant inter-group differences. Seven common factors affecting BIM learning performance were obtained by exploratory factor analysis: (1) ability of the instructor, (2) school (college) atmosphere, (3) teamwork, (4) individual ability, (5) understanding of BIM industry applications, (6) social environment incentives, and (7) achievement demand. Finally, the results of an ordered logistic regression revealed that the demographic attributes of participants, the comprehensive ability of the instructor, teamwork, individual ability, and achievement demand significantly affects BIM learning performance. Based on these findings, this paper puts forward suggestions for improving BIM learning performance and provides theoretical support for BIM education and learning in AEC related undergraduate majors.

The Novelty of Innovation: Competition, Disruption, and Antitrust Policy

We develop a model to capture the novelty of innovation and explore what it means for the nature of market competition and quality of innovations. An innovator decides not only whether to innovate but how boldly to innovate, where the more novel is the innovation—the more different it is from what has come before—the more uncertain is the outcome. We show in this environment that a variant of the Arrow replacement effect holds in that new entrants pursue more innovative technologies than do incumbents. Despite this, we show that the new entrant is less likely to disrupt an incumbent than the incumbent is to disrupt itself, and less likely to fail in the market. We extend the model to allow the incumbent to acquire the entrant postinnovation and show that this reverses the Arrow effect. The prospect of acquisition makes innovation more profitable but simultaneously suppresses the novelty of innovation as the entrant seeks to maximize her value to the incumbent. This reversal suggests a positive role for a strict antitrust policy that spurs entrepreneurial firms to innovate boldly. This paper was accepted by Joshua Gans, business strategy.

Privatization of State-Owned Enterprises

Theoretical developments in economics, alongside evidence that state-owned enterprises were often inefficient and unresponsive to consumers, led to a substantial program of privatizations from the 1980s. Privatization can take a number of forms, from the outright sale of state-owned assets to private investors to forms of public-private partnership, such as contracting out and franchising of public services. Privatization was promoted in both developed and developing countries, and large-scale privatizations occurred in Europe, Latin America, China, and the former communist economies of Central and Eastern Europe, in particular. Privatization revenues rose substantially from the late 1980s internationally. Taking the years 1988 to 2016, revenues from sales are estimated to have been around $3,634bn. In terms of main sectors of the economy affected, privatizations have particularly occurred in telecommunications, transport and logistics (mainly railways, airlines, and airports), other utility businesses (especially energy companies), and finance. Numerous empirical studies suggest that the performance of the privatized businesses and services has been mixed. While privatization has led to some impressive economic gains, in a number of countries, wider governance issues relating to political and legal systems have led to disappointing outcomes. Privatization has not always led to the removal of state interference in the management of businesses and services. Corruption and cronyism have blighted a number of privatizations. State sell-offs have led to income and wealth redistribution with gainers and losers from the process. Some privatizations have led to spectacular capital gains for investors. The impact of privatization on employment and working conditions remains unclear. There are a number of issues that deserve further investigation, namely the consequences of privatization for technological change and innovation, competition policy, and income and wealth distribution. A further subject for investigation is how the effective and efficient management of state-owned enterprises can be best achieved. The boundary between the private and public sectors remains fluid, with a number of enterprises returning to state ownership as political and economic conditions change.

Best Practice Inovasi Pelayanan Publik “Laboratorium Kemiskinan” Di Kabupaten Pekalongan

This study aims to examine the best practice of public service innovation "Poverty Laboratory" as an effective and efficient way of completing an activity with a specific, repeatable and useful procedure to implement. Based on the best practice proxies offered by Prasojo in 2007, namely impact, partnership, sustainability, leadership, and transferability to other areas, the research used a descriptive qualitative approach. This research was conducted in Pekalongan Regency. Collecting data using interviews, observation and documentation. The results of the study found that the Poverty Laboratory had met the best practice criteria. With the Poverty Laboratory two of the three model villages have left the category of red villages. The Poverty Laboratory won the award for TOP 45 Innovation in the 2020 National Level Public Service Innovation Competition or better known as SINOVIK. Pekalongan District Government must maintain these achievements, however, in its implementation, a Poverty Laboratory Development Technical Guideline should be prepared which contains, among other things, the details of the amount of funds needed in each model village and what forms of village government support in this program.

FIRM STRATEGY AND INNOVATION DYNAMICS: A CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF INNOVATION COMPETITION

Firms of different business strategy types reveal different behavioural patterns in their innovation and business performance while facing various difficulties as they seek to adapt to a turbulent competitive environment. Accordingly, we want to make progress by using the dynamic view, which follows the Schumpeterian perspective of firm behaviour through innovation (business) strategy. We advocate a dynamic approach to the strategic and behavioural patterns influencing business performance that is appropriate for small and mediumsized firms as well as giant corporations in highly competitive industries and catching-up economies. Thus, by combining different theoretical approaches we develop an alternative conceptual ‘cost-advantage leader-follower’ (CALF) model of innovation for when firms are developing cost-cutting process inventions.

Platformization in the digital economy – new challenges for regulation

The aim of the article is to examine the changing role of regulation in a digital economy based on data. Inspiration of the study is based on the latest concepts of regulating digital platforms (BigTech), literature in the field of law and economics, systemic analysis of law, practice and compliance, regulatory innovations. The law should be technologically neutral. The problem consists in emphasizing the regulation of services, taking into account the legal context of innovation: competition protection, prevention of misuse of market power, e.g. in the case of digital platforms operating on two- (multi-)sided markets. However, the rights, often adopted in an analogue era, must also keep up with technology. It is a novelty to emphasize the problem of supporting the law by code or transforming the law into code, supervision over the implementation of algorithms based on artificial intelligence, as well as redefine the role of law as a technology management instrument.