Anti-fatigue effect of Auxis thazard oligopeptide via modulation of AMPK/ PGC-1α pathway in mice

In this study, the anti-fatigue effect and mechanism of Auxis thazard oligopeptide (ATO) were studied by exhaustive swimming in mice. The results showed that ATO could significantly prolong the exhaustive...

The Disturbing Effect of Neuromuscular Fatigue on Postural Control Is Accentuated in the Premenstrual Phase in Female Athletes

This study explored the fatigue effect on postural control (PC) across menstrual cycle phases (MCPs) in female athletes. Isometric maximal voluntary contraction (IMVC), the center of pressure sway area (CoParea), CoP length in the medio-lateral (CoPLX) and antero-posterior (CoPLY) directions, and Y-balance test (YBT) were assessed before and after a fatiguing exercise during the follicular phase (FP), mid-luteal phase (LP), and premenstrual phase (PMP). Baseline normalized reach distances (NRDs) for the YBT were lower (p = 0.00) in the PMP compared to others MCPs, but the IMVC, CoParea, CoPLX, and CoPLY remained unchanged. After exercise, the IMVC and the NRD decrease was higher at PMP compared to FP (p = 0.00) and LP (p = 0.00). The CoParea, CoPLX, and CoPLY increase was higher in the PMP compared to FP (p = 0.00) and LP (p = 0.00). It was concluded that there is an accentuated PC impairment after exercise observed at PMP.

Inflammation Disturbed the Tryptophan Catabolites in Hippocampus of Post-operative Fatigue Syndrome Rats via Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenas Enzyme and the Improvement Effect of Ginsenoside Rb1

AimPost-operative fatigue syndrome (POFS) is a common complication that prolongs the recovery to normal function and activity after surgery. The aim of the present study was to explore the mechanism of central fatigue in POFS and the anti-fatigue effect of ginsenoside Rb1.MethodWe investigated the association between inflammation, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) enzyme, and tryptophan metabolism in the hippocampus of POFS rats. A POFS rat model was induced by major small intestinal resection. Rats with major small intestinal resection were administered ginsenoside Rb1 (15 mg/kg) once a day from 3 days before surgery to the day of sacrifice, or with saline as corresponding controls. Fatigue was assessed with the open field test (OFT) and sucrose preference test (SPT). ELISA, RT-PCR, Western blot, immunofluorescence, and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used to test the inflammatory cytokines; p38MAPK, NF-κB/p65, and IDO enzyme expressions; and the concentrations of tryptophan, kynurenine, and serotonin, respectively.ResultOur results showed that POFS was associated with increased expressions of inflammatory cytokines and p38MAPK and higher concentrations of kynurenine and tryptophan on post-operative days 1 and 3; a lower serotonin level on post-operative day 1; and an enhanced translocation of NF-κB/p65 and the IDO enzyme on post-operative days 1, 3, and 5. Ginsenoside Rb1 had an improvement effect on these.ConclusionInflammatory cytokines induced by large abdominal surgery disturb tryptophan metabolism to cause POFS through the activation of the p38MAPK–NF-κB/p65–IDO pathway in the hippocampus. Ginsenoside Rb1 had an anti-fatigue effect on POFS by reducing inflammation and IDO enzyme.

Supplementation with Human-Origin Probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum PL-02 Could Effectively Improve Muscle Mass and Exercise Performance, and Have an Anti-Fatigue Effect

Gut microbiota are very important for energy metabolism and regulation, which in turn affect the health and physiological functions of the host. The most direct way to change the gut microbiota is to supplement with probiotics. In this study, we screened Lactobacillus plantarum (PL-02), a probiotic of human-origin, from the intestines of Olympic gold medalists and explored the role of PL-02 in improved exercise endurance performance, reduced fatigue biochemical parameters, and changes in body composition. Male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice were assigned to 0 CFU/kg (vehicle), 2.05 × 109 CFU/kg (PL-02-1X), 4.10 × 109 CFU/kg (PL-02-2X), and 1.03 × 1010 CFU/kg (PL-02-5X) groups and were fed by oral gavage once daily for 4 weeks to assess exercise performance, fatigue parameters, and body composition. The results showed that 4 weeks of PL-02 supplementation could significantly increase muscle mass, improve muscle strength and endurance performance, and increase hepatic and muscular glycogen storage. Furthermore, PL-02 could significantly decrease fatigue biochemical parameters, such as lactate, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), ammonia, and creatine kinase (CK) levels, after exercise. We believe that PL-02 can be used as a supplement to improve exercise performance and for its anti-fatigue effect.