Our Experience in Database Entry in Ear Surgery

Otological database is must for every otological surgeon. The surgeons who do not have their own surgical database have difficult in convincing the patients about the outcome of procedure. Looking at the literature review about the concerned surgery does not reflect the success rate of the surgeon who is performing the surgery. So it is very important for every surgeon to have their own data base. The database helps surgeon to improve their skills and compare their own surgical results within and with other literatures. This helps the surgeon to convince patients regarding success and failure rates of their surgery. Not only that, but it also helps to perform prospective research work.

Named Entity Recognition and Normalization Applied to Large-Scale Information Extraction from the Materials Science Literature

<div><div><div>Over the past decades, the number of published materials science articles has increased manyfold. Now, a major bottleneck in the materials discovery pipeline arises in connecting new results with the previously established literature. A potential solution to this problem is to map the unstructured raw-text of published articles onto a structured database entry that allows for programmatic querying. To this end, we apply text-mining with named entity recognition (NER), along with entity normalization, for large-scale information extraction from the published materials science literature. The NER is based on supervised machine learning with a recurrent neural network architecture, and the model is trained to extract summary-level information from materials science documents, including: inorganic material mentions, sample descriptors, phase labels, material properties and applications, as well as any synthesis and characterization methods used. Our classifer, with an overall accuracy (f1) of 87% on a test set, is applied to information extraction from 3.27 million materials science abstracts - the most information-dense section of published articles.</div><div>Overall, we extract more than 80 million materials-science-related named entities, and the content of each abstract is represented as a database entry in a structured format. Our database shows far greater recall in document retrieval when compared to traditional text-based searches due to an entity normalization procedure that recognizes synonyms. We demonstrate that simple database queries can be used to answer complex \meta-questions" of the published literature that would have previously required laborious, manual literature searches to answer. All of our data has been made freely available for bulk download; we have also made a public facing application programming interface (https://github.com/materialsintelligence/matscholar) and website http://matscholar.herokuapp.com/search for easy interfacing with the data, trained models and functionality described in this paper. These results will allow researchers to access targeted information on a scale and with a speed that has not been previously available, and can be expected to accelerate the pace of future materials science discovery.</div></div></div>

Named Entity Recognition and Normalization Applied to Large-Scale Information Extraction from the Materials Science Literature

<div><div><div>Over the past decades, the number of published materials science articles has increased manyfold. Now, a major bottleneck in the materials discovery pipeline arises in connecting new results with the previously established literature. A potential solution to this problem is to map the unstructured raw-text of published articles onto a structured database entry that allows for programmatic querying. To this end, we apply text-mining with named entity recognition (NER), along with entity normalization, for large-scale information extraction from the published materials science literature. The NER is based on supervised machine learning with a recurrent neural network architecture, and the model is trained to extract summary-level information from materials science documents, including: inorganic material mentions, sample descriptors, phase labels, material properties and applications, as well as any synthesis and characterization methods used. Our classifer, with an overall accuracy (f1) of 87% on a test set, is applied to information extraction from 3.27 million materials science abstracts - the most information-dense section of published articles.</div><div>Overall, we extract more than 80 million materials-science-related named entities, and the content of each abstract is represented as a database entry in a structured format. Our database shows far greater recall in document retrieval when compared to traditional text-based searches due to an entity normalization procedure that recognizes synonyms. We demonstrate that simple database queries can be used to answer complex \meta-questions" of the published literature that would have previously required laborious, manual literature searches to answer. All of our data has been made freely available for bulk download; we have also made a public facing application programming interface (https://github.com/materialsintelligence/matscholar) and website http://matscholar.herokuapp.com/search for easy interfacing with the data, trained models and functionality described in this paper. These results will allow researchers to access targeted information on a scale and with a speed that has not been previously available, and can be expected to accelerate the pace of future materials science discovery.</div></div></div>

18 Wireless Cloud-Based Data Acquisition and Management Tool for Use with Inteli-Straws and Assisted Reproductive Techniques

Inteli-Straw (I-S) devices equipped with radiofrequency identification (RFID) technology were developed for gamete and embryo packaging, storage, and information retrieval to benefit the assisted reproduction industry. The aim of this study was to develop and test software for use with I-S technology. Two types of I-S were used, those with 125 and 134 kHz RFID chips, in conjunction with corresponding wireless RFID readers. Two different RFID chip designs were tested: (1) Mini: 0.25-mL straw, RFID tag dimensions = 1.25 × 7 mm and 1.4 × 8 mm; Standard: 0.5-mL straw, RFID tag dimensions = 2 × 12 mm; and (2) µ-chip (Hitachi Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) of 0.4 mm square and 0.06 mm thick. Inteli-Straw RFID chips can be written or have codes that can be associated with information in a database. The present RFID chips were used with the idChamp DX1 Veterinary & Livestock RFID Reader that uses Bluetooth to connect to an iOS platform for cloud computing. The iScanBrowser (Serialio, TX, USA) LED, an app for an iOS platform for use with a wireless RFID reader, was utilised, as well as a proprietary gamete and embryo database software. The present system allows for quickly accessing the RFID codes from the various I-S gamete and embryo packaging (before or after I-S filling) and entering the data into a computer or cloud-based database that can track their status, movement, metadata, and so on. The ability to acquire I-S information with wireless entry into the cloud-based database was achieved. When the RFID wireless reader detects an I-S, the RFID code is displayed almost immediately (~1 s) in a cell in the software system. The I-S (n = 194) were scanned for automatic database entry. For the wireless-enabled proof of concept, 17 scans of I-S [i.e. RFID chip design 1 (n = 15) and design 2 (n = 2)] were made with wireless scanner detection (< 2.5 cm from RFID reader to I-S) and online database entry with a 100% success rate. By using this I-S method, the present invention provides a wireless, cloud-based system for local or remote access, potentially benefiting both laboratory and field logistics. For AI and embryo transfer, the user can scan an I-S and the information is automatically detected; wireless cloud computing and RFID data crosschecking can occur; and the information can be uploaded to a database for later retrieval or analysis. Further, one can use an iphone or ipad to enter other information such as cow number into the cloud-based database during AI or embryo transfer. The present system can allow for near real-time viewing of the data, locally and remotely, or cross-checking of materials and associated information to reduce errors and improve assisted reproductive technology efficiency.

Study on the Theory and Standardization of Smart Sensing for Internet of Things

The term Internet of Things appears to have been coined by a member of the RFID development community circa 2000, who referred to the possibility of discovering information about a tagged object by browsing an Internet address or database entry that corresponds to a particular RFID. RFID and sensor networks are likely to become much more capable and pervasive in the world of IOT. Firstly, the tag and reader function of RFID system are introduced. Secondly, the relationship between the two parts of RFID system is described in the paper. Finally, the standardization of RFID EPC global application system is studied, and the architecture of EPCglobal analyzed.

JAK2 Mutation and Additional Thrombophilic Markers Predispose to Thrombosis in Myeloproliferative Diseases with Thrombocythemia

OBJECTIVES: Bleeding and thrombotic events are common complications symptoms in myeloproliferative diseases with thrombocythemia (MPD-T). The increased platelet count need not be the only cause of them. In the current study we have evaluated prospectively collected data of 421 Czech patients from an international registry of patients treated with anagrelide (ANG) with the aim to check whether JAK2 V617F mutation or additional thrombophilic states predispose to thrombosis in MPD-T. PATIENTS: The initial diagnoses (recorded largely according to PVSG criteria) were the following: essential thrombocythemia – 333 (79.1 %), idiopathic myelofibrosis – 40 (9.5%), polycythemia vera – 35 (8.4 %) and chronic myeloid leukemia – 8 (1.9%). The age at diagnosis and at database entry has rankged between 40 – 60 years in more than 50% of patients (mean: 51.0 years). The male/female ratio was 37.5: 62.5%. A large proportion of patients (77.7%) had been already pretreated with thromboreducing drugs: overall, 55 patients had received ANG, 84 had had interferon-alpha, 208 had been treated with hydroxyurea and 59 patients had received another drug. More than one line of previous thromboreductive therapy was recorded in 155 (36.8%) patients. Following registration, 18.0% was receiving another thromboreducing drug in addition to ANG. The median platelet value was 1015 G/l at diagnosis, and 658 G/l (range 140–3325) at database entry. The treatment goal was achieving 600/400 G/l platelets in low-/high-risk patients. High-risk patients had either previous thrombosis, an additional thrombophilic state (mostly inherited; “thrombophilia+”), or JAK2 gene V617F mutation. RESULTS: Pretreated and unpretreated patients responded to ANG equally well. High-risk patients had lower platelet counts at 3–6–9–12–36 months – 488–400–387–376–323 G/l (n=118) than good-risk ones – 523–441–384–423–455 G/l (n=98) at the given above time points. The mean ANG dose at 3 months was only 1.8 mg/day (median, 1.5 mg/d), whereas onwards, the mean dose was quite stable within 2.2–2.3 mg/day interval (median, 2.0 mg/d). At the time of database entry, 75 (17.8%) patients had a history of a thrombotic event, and 35 (8.3%) had had hemorrhage. During the follow-up after entering the registry, only 11 (3.5%) patients had thrombosis (6 had a major and 5 a minor one). Likewise, there have been very few patients with a bleeding event reported: 2 patients experienced a major and 4 patients a minor event (altogether 1.9% of patients). 282 patients had the JAK2 mutation evaluated. Half of them (51.4% patients) carried the mutation (hetero-/homozygous). Of the 145 patients with the mutation, 40 (27.6%) had thrombosis (before or after registration). Thrombosis was significantly more rare in 137 patients without the mutation, in 11 cases only (8.0%; P = 0.017, Fisher’s test, CI 95%). Of 78 evaluable patients with thrombosis, 20 (25.6%) were thrombophilia+, whereas of 343 patients without thrombosis, a thrombophilia+ state was demonstrated only in 48 cases (14.0%; P = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS: Our analysis has shown that high-risk MPD-T patients treated with ANG do not achieve the desired level of thromboreduction quite late: after 3–6 months of ANG treatment. However, during ANG treatment, relatively very few hemorrhagic or thrombotic complications were observed. The results confirmed in a large patient cohort that JAK2 mutation or additional thrombophilic states are major risk factors of thrombosis in MPD-T.