Biochars preparation from waste sludge and composts under different carbonization conditions and their Pb(II) adsorption behaviors

This study prepared nine biochars from three biomass wastes (CompostA, CompostB and Sludge) through different carbonization conditions. The adsorption behaviors and mechanisms of these biochars for Pb(II) were tested by a series of adsorption experiments and properties analysis. Preliminary experiments showed biochars obtained from CompostA and Sludge had better Pb(II) adsorption performance than CompostB and the optimum carbonization temperature of CompostA was lower than that of Sludge. Adsorption experimental results demonstrated that CompostA600 (numbers represent carbonization temperatures) had the largest adsorption capacity of 57.34 mg/g for Pb(II) among samples, followed by Sludge800 of 50.00 mg/g. The kinetic adsorption of CompostA600 and Sludge800 were both described by the Nth-order model very well. Pb(II) adsorption of CompostA600 most appropriately followed the Langmuir–Freundlich model and the Redlich–Peterson model. Characterization analysis suggested diverse carbonization temperatures and precursors caused discrepant pore size distributions and element contents, which determined the deposition of lead compound crystals on materials. This study examined the effects of raw materials and carbonization temperatures on obtained biochars and provided an inexpensive and environmental-friendly way for biochar sorbent preparation and heavy metal wastewater treatment.

DESIGN OF THE REGENERATION METHOD OF HYDROXYL-CONTAINING ZIRCONIUM COMPOUNDS IN PROCESSES OF WATER PURIFICATION FROM BORON

The regeneration method of zirconium hydroxide sorbent spent in the boron sorption process by diluted solution of acids as well as the principle recycling diagram of the formed regenerating solution by the nanofiltration process with the OPMN-P membrane were proposedin this work. The permeate obtained can be used as a boron-containing microfertilizer (ammonium salt + boron) after it has been neutralised with ammonium hydroxide. Zirconium-containing concentrate may be reused for sorbent preparation. The effectiveness of separation of the regenerating solution components by nanofiltration is demonstrated by high values of zirconium rejection coefficient in this process (RZr ~98– 99%) and low values of boron rejection coefficient (RB ~12%). In this case the specific performance of the membrane is about 50 dm3/m2·h.

Effect of combined sorbent preparation on growth, performance and haematobiochemical alterations in broiler chickens under the influence of T-2 toxin and deoxynivalenol mixed toxicosis

The combined sorbent preparation consists of anthracite, saponite and inactivated yeasts. To determine the detoxification activity of the combined sorbent preparation on the mixed chickens’ mycotoxicosis, thirty, two-weeks-old chickens cross "Ross 308" were divided into three groups: A (control); B (T-2 toxin and deoxynivalenol); C (T-2 toxin, deoxynivalenol and the combined sorbent preparation). Chickens were weighed every week, hematological and serum biochemical investigations were provided at 28-th and 42-nd day of chicken`s age. Applying of the combined sorbent preparation in T-2 toxin and deoxynivalenol mixed chickens toxicosis at 3 % by weight of the feed, neutralizes the negative effects of mycotoxins on the bird. It manifests high yield carcass weight and lowers the feed conversion, with almost no variations in hematological and serum biochemical parameters of blood. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v11i1.16262 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2013). 11 (1): 7-11

Preparation of affinity sorbents with immobilized synthetic ligands for therapeutic apheresis

Preparation and stability of a few examples of medical sorbents are described. A simple and practical technique has been developed for sorbent preparation with the low weight synthetic ligands such as amino acids, peptides or oligosaccharides. This approach to sorbent preparation enables the development of the new affine columns generation for medicine and biotechnology to be carried out with ease.