A modern take on research communication, part II: Changing perspectives

This post is second in a four-part series on a modern system for research communication, by Jennifer Gibson. The first post, on the shape and impact of research communication is available here. Reactions from readers are very welcome. ...

Adaptability and Self-Organization of the Doctoral Training System

Training of highly qualified personnel for science, education and industry is an important factor in the formation of a high-tech economy. The modern system of doctoral training does not always cope with its tasks. Enhancing the efficiency of doctoral training can be associated with an increase in adaptability and self-organization. The adaptation of the pedagogical system to changing conditions should be considered in a broad sense, while its fitting to students’ features is a special manifestation of this property. It is necessary to work out two mechanisms of its adaptation – passive and active. Passive adaptation means adjusting to changing external conditions (including a new law), changing in the systems of an adjacent and higher levels. Active adaptation involves the influence on other subsystems of the university educational environment, such as master’s school, additional education (retraining and advanced training of professors), the scientific and pedagogical personnel attestation system (dissertation councils), research departments. Such adaptation can take place according to the model of expanding influence, simultaneously at two levels – personal (subject-subjective) and organizational and managerial. Self-organization is considered as one of the most important features of the system adaptability and a condition for its successful functioning.

Artist’s Brand and Art Market: A Modern System of Values in Art

Artist’s Brand and Art Market: A Modern System of Values in Art

FEATURES OF PREPARATION OF PH. D. FOR PROFESSIONALLY ORIENTED FOREIGN LANGUAGE COMMUNICATION

Based on analysis of the fundamental pedagogical, philological, philosophical, psychological works (L. Andreyko, Y. Baklazhenko, A. Kirsanova, O. Kovalenko, Yu. Lavrysh, O. Osova, S. Nikolaeva, Y. Passova, Y. Skarlupina, I. Unt, etc.) found that one of the strategic tasks of postgraduate training is the formation of skills of professionally oriented communication.Proved that the development of new communication tools and the organization of business on a technologicalbasis highlighted the need for direct and indirect foreign language communication of specialists of various professions on the basis of activating the cognitive processes of students. The study found that in the modern system of organizing foreign language teaching for graduate students, the emphasis shifts from learning to translate professionally oriented texts to learning a foreign language as a tool for professionally oriented communication. This is reflected in the content of educational and research programs, which defines communication as the target dominant.Investigation of the nature and specifics of preparation of graduate students for professionally oriented foreign language communication shows that the following ideas are especially valuable: to increase the motivation of students to learn foreign languages; to promote the study of foreign languages throughout life; to carry out correction of educational programs taking into account requirements of the modern labor market and tendencies of development of specialties; use foreign languages in teaching non-linguistic disciplines; to introduce technological innovations in the process of teaching foreign languages; to promote international academic mobility and closer cooperation between both teachers and students; to promote participation in the language development program for international communication in accordance with the specifics of the national education system, etc.

Stakeholder Requirements for Reporting Information and Digital Technologies

The modern system of accounting and reporting is in the process of reforming, and a particularly important component of the reform is the modifi cation of fi nancial reporting, since on its basis decisions are made on the development of the economic system by investors and other stakeholders, namely: the maximum expansion of the circle of information users; presentation of information related to the implementation of the planning function; provision of non-financial reporting refl ecting the value of the organization and preparation of non-fi nancial reporting; reflection of financial information on human capital, brands, innovation, provision of fi nancial environmental and social reporting; formation of general user orientation of fi nancial statements.

Nitrogen Isotope Discrepancy Between Primary Producers and Sediments in an Anoxic and Alkaline Lake

Nitrogen isotope compositions (δ15N) in sedimentary rocks are extensively used to investigate the biogeochemical nitrogen cycle through geological times. This use relies on the observation that, in modern continental platforms and anoxic basins, surface sediments faithfully record the δ15N of primary producers, assuming that it was similar in the past. Over Earth’s history, however, surface environments experienced profound changes, including the transition of ammonium-dominated to nitrate-dominated waters and the transition from exclusively microbial ecosystems to ecosystems including multicellularity, which make modern environments significantly different compared to earlier ones, potentially invalidating the fundamental assumption that surface sediments faithfully record the δ15N of primary producers. In order to improve our understanding of the nitrogen isotopic information contained in the early Earth’s sedimentary rock record, we investigate here the nitrogen isotope systematics in a microbial, nitrate free and ammonium-rich modern system, the Dziani Dzaha Lake. In this modern system, the δ15N of the reduced dissolved inorganic nitrogen (i.e., NH4+ and NH3) in the water column is close to ∼7‰ . δ15N of suspended particulate matter (SPM) show a similar average value in surface waters (i.e., where SPM is massively composed of active primary producers), but increases up to 14‰ in the deeper part of the water column during periods when it is enriched in dissolved reduced species (i.e., CH4, H2S/HS− and NH4+/NH3). Surface sediments δ15N, with values comprised between 10 and 14 ‰, seem to preferentially record these positive isotopic signatures, rather than those of active primary producers. We propose here that the observed isotopic pattern is mainly linked to the assimilation of ammonium strongly enriched in 15N by isotope exchange with ammonia under basic conditions. Although ammonium assimilation seems here to be responsible for a significant isotopic enrichment due to the basic conditions, in neutral anoxic environments inhabited by similar microbial ecosystems, this process may also significantly impact the δ15N of primary producers towards more negative values. This would have strong implications for our interpretation of the Precambrian sedimentary record as this finding challenges one the fundamental hypotheses underlying the use of sedimentary δ15N in paleo-oceanographic reconstructions, i.e. that surface sediments faithfully record the δ15N of active primary producers in the photic zone.

PROGNOSTIC PARAMETERS AND RISKS OF STUDY OVERLOAD IN ADOLESCENT STUDENTS

The paper presents the results of an empirical study on study overload in adolescent students. The theoretical and methodological grounding of the study is given. The objective relevance of the problem of study overload for the modern system of general education is shown. The nature and manifestations of study overload in the educational process were studied through cause-effect relations. Psychodiagnostic data was subjected to mathematical and statistical processing (correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis), classified, summarized, and interpreted. The results obtained in the empirical study allowed us to understand the prognosis and risks of study overload formation on psychological well-being in adolescence. The conclusion is given that study overload is caused not at the expense of the students’ main study load but as a result of attending additional types of educational classes. The results obtained concluded that one in five adolescent students have a significant, often maximum, pronounced excess of study load. Moreover, one in four students experience the presence of moderate study overload. To prevent study overload, we state that one should focus not only on the normative regulation of certain types of educational activities but also on the students’ subjective state. Recommendations of possible directions of preventive work with students on psychological prevention of study overload are outlined.

Climatic resources as objects of natural resource legal relations

The article is devoted to the study of scientific approaches to the characteristics of the objects of natural resource relations. Theoretical positions of the representatives of legal science on the definition of the concept of natural resources as objects of natural resource legal relations, the separation of their legal features are revealed. Scientific approaches to the legal nature of climatic resources and their place in the modern system of natural resource legal relations are analyzed. Natural resource relations consist of the use and reproduction of natural resources or their properties (for example, the potential energy of water, which is converted into electricity, water surface for water transport, the properties of atmospheric air to contain and dissolve (reduce concentration) pollutants, the property of subsoil underground gas storage facilities, etc.). Climatic resources are called inexhaustible natural resources, which include solar energy, moisture, wind energy, etc. and are determined by the peculiarities of the climate. The use of certain properties of climatic resources as, first of all, alternative energy sources is extremely important. Climatic resources in most of Ukraine are favorable for the development of alternative energy. However, the current state of legal regulation of activities aimed at ensuring the rational and efficient use of climate resources needs to be improved. Keywords: natural resource law, natural resource legal relations, natural resources, climatic resources, climate

The role of interactive teaching methods in the formation of students' professional competence

This article is devoted to the topical topic of the application of interactive methods. Interactive teaching methods provide the solution of educational problems in various aspects. The interest in interactive methods is caused by the need to improve the modern system. The possession of interactive learning technology and its use in the educational process, including in Russian language lessons, will undoubtedly contribute to the development of students ' qualities that correspond to the processes taking place in life today. The paper also presents the technologies of conducting Russian language lessons using interactive methods and their significance.

Digital conversion in health care system and daily activities of a clinician

The article represents the issues of information and analytical support of clinicians. The article deals with the theory and practice of creating a digital subsystem of medical support for the population and a modern system for examination and treatment, the collection, storage and use of medical information in the databases of medical organizations, as well as data processing centers and situational control centers of the federal level or subjects of the Russian Federation. The basic principles of digital medicine, such as continuous development, mobility of doctors and patients, as well as the interaction of sensors and executive devices are discussed.