harold garfinkel
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2021 ◽  
pp. 249-260
Author(s):  
Jason Turowetz ◽  
Anne Warfield Rawls

Human Studies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clemens Eisenmann ◽  
Michael Lynch

AbstractThis article is the editors’ introduction to the transcript of a lecture that Harold Garfinkel delivered to a seminar in 1993. Garfinkel extensively discusses the relevance of Aron Gurwitsch’s phenomenological treatment of Gestalt theory for ethnomethodology. Garfinkel uses the term “misreading” to signal a respecification of Gurwitsch’s phenomenological investigations, and particularly his conceptions of contextures, functional significations, and phenomenal fields, so that they become compatible with detailed observations and descriptions of social actions and interactions performed in situ. Garfinkel begins with Gurwitsch’s demonstrations with line drawings and other abstract examples, and suggests how they can be used to suggest original procedures for investigating the vicissitudes of embodied practical actions in the lifeworld. This introduction to the lecture aims to provide some background on the scope of Gurwitsch’s phenomenological critique and elaboration of Gestalt theory and Garfinkel’s “misreading” of it in terms of his own conceptions of indexicality and accountability, and ethnomethodological investigations of the production of social order.


2021 ◽  
pp. 160-184
Author(s):  
Stephen Jones

This chapter focuses on two alternative hypotheses regarding crime and criminal behaviour. The first, based on interactionism, is that crime is not an objective entity, but a consequence of social processes that occur in societies made up of different value systems and in which particular individuals are able to influence both the actual and perceived status of others. As the name suggests, interactionism refers to the processes by which people come to react to their own self-image, their view of others and their perception of how others see them, as well as the settings in which they meet or interact with others. The second, based on phenomenology, is that it is impossible to impose meaning on the behaviour of others and that the only function of a ‘scientific’ researcher can be to provide an adequate account of the meaning of behaviour for the actors themselves. Phenomenology is a German philosophy developed during the 1950s by Harold Garfinkel.


Author(s):  
Pablo Hermida Lazcano

Este ensayo parte de una experiencia disruptiva en un aula de bachillerato de un instituto español. En el transcurso de una clase ordinaria de filosofía, un incidente inesperado rompe la definición de la situación, haciendo añicos el consenso de trabajo entre los alumnos y el profesor. Para reconstruir su trasfondo de expectativas, los alumnos se ven forzados a emplear estrategias de acomodación y normalización. En el análisis de esta experiencia disruptiva convergen la fenomenología del mundo social de Alfred Schütz, la etnometodología de Harold Garfinkel y el interaccionismo simbólico de Erving Goffman.This essay starts from a disruptive experience in a Spanish high school classroom. In the course of an ordinary philosophy lesson, an unexpected incident breaks the definition of the situation, smashing the working consensus among students and teacher to smithereens. In order to rebuild their background expectancies, the pupils are forced to resort to accommodation and normalization strategies. The analysis of this disruptive experience is based upon the convergence of Alfred Schütz’s phenomenology of the social world, Harold Garfinkel’s ethnomethodology, and Erving Goffman’s symbolic interactionism. 


Author(s):  
Débora Araújo de Vasconcellos ◽  
Gustavo Gomes da Costa Santos

Resumo Neste artigo buscamos apontar como a relação entre Agnes e o sociólogo estadunidense Harold Garfinkel produziu uma análise de gênero que se diferenciava das teorias biologizantes do seu tempo. Através do conceito de passing e da noção de rotineirização da Etnometodologia, o autor antecipa, em certa medida, certos pressupostos que viriam a nortear a noção de gênero que se desenvolveria na década de 1990. Na primeira parte do texto, o nosso enfoque será nos impactos da experiência de Agnes para a etnometodologia; em um segundo momento, provocaremos um diálogo entre Garfinkel e a teoria da performatividade de Judith Butler.


Author(s):  
Cristopher Valdes

Esta investigación explora la relación epistemológica entre la antropología y la etnografía con la filosofía husserliana, desde una serie de autores que articulan las ideas de la fenomenología con los presupuestos de la etnografía, en especial, en lo concerniente al desarrollo de la noción de intersubjetividad. Una primera generación de autores incorpora de forma indirecta y parcial las bases epistemológicas y ontológicas de la propuesta filosófica de Husserl. Así, autores como Clifford Geertz, Maurice Natanson, Thomas Luckmann, Harold Garfinkel, Michael Agar y Thomas Csordas, construyeron parte de su pensamiento con la continuación de la fenomenología husserliana realizada por Merleau-Ponty y Alfred Schütz, utilizando los conceptos operatorios de ambos filósofos. Aun así, la profundidad y rigurosidad en el tratamiento de estos conceptos fenomenológicos por esta primera generación llevará a un manejo de la noción de intersubjetividad de forma más restringida y específica que los planteamientos realizados por Husserl. En los años 70 y 80, las influyentes y discutibles críticas realizadas por Bourdieu y Derrida a la filosofía husserliana tuvieron un importante eco en la antropología y la etnografía, propiciando el abandono del tratamiento directo de las ideas de Husserl. A pesar de esto, en las últimas dos décadas, autores como Michael Agar, Michael Jackson, Vincent Crapanzano, Alessandro Duranti, Jason Throop conforman una tercera generación que retoma las ideas husserlianas, logrando establecer una serie de dimensiones y aplicabilidades del concepto de intersubjetividad introducido y desarrollado por Husserl, que podrían servir de fundamento posible para un estudio de la condición humana y la cultura. This research explores the epistemological relationship between anthropology and ethnography with Husserlian philosophy, from a series of authors who articulate the ideas of phenomenology with the presuppositions of ethnography, especially as regards the development of the notion of intersubjectivity. The first generation of authors indirectly and partially incorporate the epistemological and ontological bases of Husserl’s philosophical proposal. Thus, authors such as Clifford Geertz, Maurice Natanson, Thomas Luckmann, Harold Garfinkel, Michael Agar, and Thomas Csordas, built part of their thinking with the continuation of the Husserlian phenomenology performed by Merleau-Ponty and Alfred Schütz, using the operative concepts of both philosophers. Even so, the depth and rigor in the treatment of these phenomenological concepts by this first generation will lead to a handling of the notion of intersubjectivity in a more restricted and specific way than the approaches made by Husserl. In the 70s and 80s, the influential and debatable criticisms made by Bourdieu and Derrida to Husserlian philosophy, had an important echo in anthropology and ethnography, leading to the abandonment of the direct treatment of Husserl’s ideas. Despite this, in the last two decades, authors such as Michael Agar, Michael Jackson, Vincent Crapanzano, Alessandro Duranti, Jason Throop, make up a third generation that takes up Husserlian ideas, managing to establish a series of dimensions and applications of the intersubjectivity concept introduced and developed by Husserl, which could serve as a possible basis for a study of the human condition and culture.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
WAHYUDDIN BAKRI

Buku ini berusaha menyajikan riwayat hidup secara sistematis, konsep hingga teori dari pada tokoh-tokoh sosiologi klasik diantaranya Ibnu Khaldun, Herber Spencer, Aguste Comte, Emile Durkheim, Max Weber, Karl Marx, George Simmel, Sigmund Frued, Herbert Mead.Sementara tokoh sosiologi modern diantaranya Du Bois, Alferd Scuzt, Talcott Parson, Robert Merton, Ervin Goffman, James Coleman, Doroty E Smith, Harold Garfinkel, George Caspar Homans, Peter M. Blau, Jean Baurdrillard, Pierre Bourdieu, R Emerson, Daniel Bell dan Antonio Giddens yang telah berumur 81 tahun. Selanjutnya tokoh postmodern diantaranya Foucault, George Ritzer, Max Horkheimer, Theodor H. Adorno, Herbert Marcuse, Z. Bauman, J. Daridda dan Jurgen Hubermas yang telah berumur 90 tahun.Selain uraian tersebut, penulis juga berusaha menjelaskan tentang karya-karya monumental dari setiap tokoh-tokoh sosiologi mulai dari yang klasik, modern hingga postmodern


Thesis Eleven ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 154 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-37
Author(s):  
Barry Barnes

This paper focuses on what could be learned about statuses and status groups from the work of Randall Collins in the 1980s, and in particular from Weberian Sociological Theory (1986). I mention how I myself found this book useful at that time to further my own work in the sociology of science and in sociological theory, and emphasise its value in appreciating the fundamental and irremediable deficiencies of individualistic rational choice theory in both contexts. I go on to note how Collins, a ‘macro’ sociologist in the 1980s, was nonetheless well aware of the indispensable role of micro-sociology in advancing the fundamental understanding of the field as a whole, and his singling out of Erving Goffman and Harold Garfinkel as primus inter pares for their special theoretical importance at this time. I say a little about why these two did indeed have much to contribute to an understanding of statuses and of status groups and still do even today, and end by noting how effectively Collins has used and built upon the work of Goffman in particular since the 1980s.


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