A Robust Fractional-Order PID Controller Based Load Frequency Control Using Modified Hunger Games Search Optimizer

In this article, a recent modified meta-heuristic optimizer named the modified hunger games search optimizer (MHGS) is developed to determine the optimal parameters of a fractional-order proportional integral derivative (FOPID) based load frequency controller (LFC). As an interconnected system’s operation requires maintaining the tie-line power and frequency at their described values without permitting deviations in them, an enhanced optimizer is developed to identify the controllers’ parameters efficiently and rapidly. Therefore, the non-uniform mutation operator is proposed to strengthen the diversity of the solutions and discover the search landscape of the basic hunger games search optimizer (HGS), aiming to provide a reliable approach. The considered fitness function is the integral time absolute error (ITAE) comprising the deviations in tie-line power and frequencies. The analysis is implemented in two networks: the 1st network comprises a photovoltaic (PV) plant connected to the thermal plant, and the 2nd network has four connected plants, which are PV, wind turbine (WT), and 2 thermal units with generation rate constraints and governor dead-band. Two different load disturbances are imposed for two studied systems: static and dynamic. The results of the proposed approach of MHGS are compared with the marine predators algorithm (MPA), artificial ecosystem based optimization (AEO), equilibrium optimizer (EO), and Runge–Kutta based optimizer (RUN), as well as movable damped wave algorithm (DMV) results. Moreover, the performance specifications of the time responses of frequencies and tie-line powers’ violations comprising rise time, settling time, minimum/maximum setting values, overshoot, undershoot, and the peak level besides its duration are calculated. The proposed MHGS shows its reliability in providing the most efficient values for the FOPID controllers’ parameters that achieve the lowest fitness of 0.89726 in a rapid decaying. Moreover, the MHGS based system becomes stable the most quickly as it has the shortest settling time and is well constructed as it has the smallest peak, overshoots at early times, and then the system becomes steady. The results confirmed the competence of the proposed MHGS in designing efficient FOPID-LFC controllers that guarantee reliable operation in case of load disturbances.

ONYMIC SECTOR OF THE CONCEPTUAL SPHERE OF THE YOUNG-ADULT DYSTOPIAN NOVEL (case study S. COLLINS’ TRILOGY «THE HUNGER GAMES»

Introduction. The article examines the onymic parcel of the English young-adult dystopian novel conceptosphere based on the material of S. Collins’ trilogy «The Hunger Games». The theory of generations has proved the dominance of the main archetype of the hero for a circle of potential readers of the analyzed works, so the leading concept of dystopian novels is the concept of the hero around whom events take place, catalyst and initiator of which he acts. These protagonists are nominated by their own names, which serve as organizers of the artistic space. In the literary work onyms become the pillars of memory, the organizers of the mental lexicon, the coordinators of the mental world picture, the compact repository of significant information in a small form. The purpose. The purpose of the article is to analyze the onymic parcel of the English young-adult dystopian novel conceptosphere based on the material of S. Collins’ trilogy «The Hunger Games». The object is the onymic sector of the conceptosphere of the studied trilogy. The subject is the specifics of its structure and organization. Materials and methods. The analysis of the onymic parcel of the conceptosphere of the studied works was carried out in several stages: the cognitive features of the dominant onymic concept nominating the main character were established; a free associative experiment was conducted; systematized and described the reactions with the selection of their types; the most frequent associates are singled out, which are grouped into associative semantic gestalts. The material of the study was a trilogy «The Hunger Games» («The Hunger Games», «Catching Fire», «Mockingjay»), with a total volume of 1160 conditional pages. Results. An associative experiment with stimuli to denote the protagonists was conducted, which made it possible to establish the conceptualization and categorization of these anthroponyms in the mental lexicon of English speakers, detection of reflection in the received associations of hierarchical conceptual structures in the minds of respondents. Сonclusions. Summarizing the above, we can emphasize that the artistic onymic concept KATNISS of the onymic parcel of the conceptosphere of the trilogy «The Hunger Games» has cognitive features SACRIFICE, FEMININITY, HOPE, DEFENDER, VENGEANCE, WINNER and forms semantic associative gestalts THE MAIN CHARACTER OF THE NOVEL / FILM and NOVEL / FILM.

Improving Drought Modeling Using Hybrid Random Vector Functional Link Methods

Drought modeling is essential in water resources planning and management in mitigating its effects, especially in arid regions. Climate change highly influences the frequency and intensity of droughts. In this study, new hybrid methods, the random vector functional link (RVFL) integrated with particle swarm optimization (PSO), the genetic algorithm (GA), the grey wolf optimization (GWO), the social spider optimization (SSO), the salp swarm algorithm (SSA) and the hunger games search algorithm (HGS) were used to forecast droughts based on the standard precipitation index (SPI). Monthly precipitation data from three stations in Bangladesh were used in the applications. The accuracy of the methods was compared by forecasting four SPI indices, SPI3, SPI6, SPI9, and SPI12, using the root mean square errors (RMSE), the mean absolute error (MAE), the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), and the determination coefficient (R2). The HGS algorithm provided a better performance than the alternative algorithms, and it considerably improved the accuracy of the RVFL method in drought forecasting; the improvement in RMSE for the SPI3, SP6, SPI9, and SPI12 was by 6.14%, 11.89%, 14.14%, 24.5% in station 1, by 6.02%, 17.42%, 13.49%, 24.86% in station 2 and by 7.55%, 26.45%, 15.27%, 13.21% in station 3, respectively. The outcomes of the study recommend the use of a HGS-based RVFL in drought modeling.

Slivers of Hope: Women in Dystopian Trilogy

This paper explores the struggles, goals, and motivations of the women characters in The Hunger Games Trilogy. In detail, the study employs Elaine Showalter’s Feminist theory to reveal the women characters’ categories in terms of three stages: feminine, feminist and female. In the study, some of the women characters living in the dehumanized society of Panem have attained the last stage of feminism which is the female stage. However, other women characters are not able to fulfill their goals. Still, due to the women characters’ demand to change the system, they start an uprising. For example, the main character, Katniss Everdeen, contributes to the collapse of the ruling government in power as she accepts being the Mockingjay, the symbol of revolution. Another woman character to exemplify such a noble act is Johanna Mason who becomes part of the rebellion and survives the war against the unjust ruling of the Capitol. These women characters are slivers of light amidst the chaos. In conclusion, it is discovered that women characters play pivotal roles in society. This suggests that women characters recognize their power to accelerate societal advancement. For this dystopian trilogy, in particular, women become symbols of hope.

The hunger games: famine 1932–1933 in the historical policy of Ukraine and Russia

The modern historical policy of Ukraine and the Russia is analysed. The study uses the methodology of historical memory studies, specifically, research of historical consciousness, collective and historical memory. The methodology is based on the analysis of a situation when ideas about the past as national history depend on the mentality and goal setting of a particular social, national or other group. The object of the study is the modern socio-political situation in Ukraine and Russia associated with the understanding and assessment of the famine of 1932–1933 both in the Soviet Union as a whole, and in Ukraine in particular. The authors consider the modern memorial culture of the two nations, highlight issues of regional and national identity and the formation of myths of national memory as central issues in the paper. The transformation of memorial practices and the legal framework of the Russia and Ukraine after the collapse of the Soviet Union is considered. The authors arrive at the conclusion that the discussion between the Russian and Ukrainian sides to this day has turned into constructing a scheme of the «reverse history» based on the projection of the present state of affairs into the past. It is not possible to find any fundamentally new evidence as long as the Russian archives remained classified, and the parties increasingly resort to a nationalist type of argumentation. Punning on the name of the famous Hollywood blockbuster, we can say that the «hunger games» have become a reality in the modern politics of memory of post-Soviet states.