Religious Theory in the Thinai Grammar

The Tamil word is basic ally from the grammar of the Tamil word. The grammar system that divides world life into 'Thinai' is a very important system in Tamil. Language changes are taking place in a scientifically functioning society. The cultivation and productivity of the foundation of society have an impact on the superstructure of the society, the art, literature and culture. The religious god thought is in the life classification of the Tamil grammar which is the basis for the creation of words. The tholkappiyam period of the resurrection of the collective life is a symbol of the non-religious protodravidian ism and directly links the doctrine of God to the people. The authors of the well developed landslide society, who wrote to tholkappiyam, have also incorporated the theory of God, based on the various religious and social contexts. The Veera Choliam with buddhist background and Neminatha with Jainism link the god sandals in the higher dina. The nannul also inscribes the sanskrit influence of the deity and the naraka of the sanskrit influence, and the sanskrit influential theory of the proto Dravidian grammar of the grammar, the devar and the narakar a number of religious theories.

Sentences with the meaning of irreal condition in K. G. Paustovsky's The Tale of Life

The purpose of the article is to identify and describe structural, semantic and functional features of irreal-conditional complex sentences with the conjunction «если» (if) in the autobiographical Tale of Life by K. G. Paustovsky. In the introduction, the author notes the important role of syntactic units in expressing the author's intention in autobiographical text, and points out the constant scientific interest in studying the functioning of complex subordinate sentences with conditional meaning in texts of different styles in both synchronic and diachronic aspects. The main part of the article defines the irreal condition and notes that a formal indicator of its semantics in a complex sentence is the presence of the form with the particle «бы» (would) in the main and subordinate clauses. Attention is drawn to the complication of the irreal condition meaning with various connotations: desirability, supposition, possibility, concession, comparison, as well as a phatic aspect. Each structural-semantic type of sentences is analyzed in terms of specific semantics, structure, ways of expressing the main sentence parts, and lexical content. The author names the means of strengthening the semantics of the irreal condition, including particles, interjections, exclamatory intonation, etc. The conclusion is made that the use of sentences of this type in an autobiographical text, on the one hand, allows the author to convey the message of the work as accurately as possible, to express his perception of events and the characters' thoughts and intentions. On the other hand, the use of sentences with the conjunction «если» (if) with the meaning of irreal condition, with different semantic connotations, shows the capacity of the modern Russian grammar system, which allows the speaker or writer to convey the finest shades of meaning in portraying objective reality.

Investigating The Relationship Between Insomnia, Menopausal Syndrome and Depression and Exploring The Therapeutic Effects of Jieyu Pill

Background: This paper explores the effects of insomnia and menopausal syndrome on the depressive process at the cellular and molecular levels, and investigates the mechanisms by which the commonly used antidepressant formula, Jieyu Pill (JYP), also has efficacy in insomnia and menopausal syndrome. Methods: Neo4j was used to construct a graph database based on three diseases and mechanism of JYP; PPI data were used to analyze the molecular mechanism of effects of the diseases on depression process; the entity grammar system was used to resolve the mechanism of JYP in treatment of two diseases. Results: A database of JYP and three disease charts was constructed. The relationship between insomnia and menopausal syndrome in terms of molecular mechanisms and cellular communication on the depressive process was obtained. The mechanism of JYP in insomnia and menopausal syndrome was obtained. Conclusions: The results of this paper, which was conducted from the point of view of cellular communication and molecular mechanisms, show that insomnia and menopausal syndrome can have an impact on the course of depression. Therefore, synergistic treatment should be given to patients with depression associated with these two disorders. JYP is effective for all three disorders, can comprehensively regulate the organism and has high compliance, making it a clinical formula worth promoting.

Practical and Theoretical Chinese Grammar: Principles of Exposition and Consistent Systematization

В статье рассматриваются принципы синтаксического анализа простого предложения, сформировавшиеся в рамках лингвистической традиции в Китайской Народной Республике в последнее время, разбираются достоинства и недостатки существующих подходов и предлагается иная — семантико-синтаксическая — модель описания, которая, по мнению авторов, обладает большей объяснительной силой и лучше отражает специфику современного китайского языка. Основываясь на идеях Тань Аошуан, авторы пытаются показать, что описание простого предложения в китайском языке не исчерпывается ни дихотомией «подлежащее — сказуемое», ни дихотомией «топик — комментарий». Необходима модель описания, интегрирующая синтаксис, семантику, прагматику и коммуникативную цель высказывания, что в свою очередь предполагает и иную методику преподавания китайского языка. The paper focuses on the principles of analyzing the syntax of a simple sentence employed in the Chinese linguistic tradition. The authors examine the current approaches, with their advantages and disadvantages, and suggest a different model of describing grammar, namely, a semantic-syntactical model. The latter, in the authors’ opinion, presents grammar in a more precise and non-controversial way and is more consistent with the realities of Modern Chinese. A formal approach to grammar does not reflect but the surface structure and is unable to detect subtler distinctions rooted in the semantics of the verb. Besides, its terminology (e.g., “subject” vs. “object”, “topic” vs. “comment”) is sometimes prompted by the mere position of the word rather than its function. Proceeding from the ideas of “implicit grammar”, suggested in the works of Tan Aoshuang, the authors attempt to show that the description of the simple sentence in Chinese can be reduced neither to the “subject-predicate” dichotomy nor to that of the “topic-comment”. There is a need for a model that would bring together syntax, semantics, pragmatics and the communicative purpose of the utterance. An integrated vision of the Modern Chinese grammar system, in its turn, is supposed to affect language teaching methodology. During the early stages of language acquisition it may seem more complicated than a formal (superficial) approach, since it requires such concepts as “semantic interpretation”, “semantic type of the verb, “valency” etc. But one can hope that from a long-term perspective it can make the intricacies of Chinese syntax more comprehensible, explicable and natural.

Common Suffixes That Form Nominal Parts of Speech From Verbs in the Kyrgyz and Chagatai Languages

In Kyrgyz linguistics, texts and translations of written monuments have been studied and studied by language commentaries. However, despite the fact that some opinions have been expressed in Kyrgyz linguistics about the Chagatai language used by the Kyrgyz during the XVII-XIX centuries and about the works written at that time, there are still almost no research works. To this end, this article, based on the works of Russian and foreign scientists, on the basis of comparative-historical method, studied word-forming suffixes that produce nominal parts of speech from verbs (noun, adjective, numeral and pronoun), Chagatai and modern Kyrgyz language. In it, specific examples indicate the units of their functions. As a result, according to the facts given in the article, over time, the word-forming suffixes of the Chagatai language were subject only to phonetic changes, while most suffixes are still stable. This is due to the fact that the forms that make up the grammar system in comparison with the vocabulary that makes up the dictionary system of the language remain unchanged for a long time. Therefore, conclusions were made about the need to study the materials of the modern Kyrgyz language on the basis of historical linguistic facts, as a special object of research on the issues of proximity, kinship with the Chagatai language. After all, under the conditions of sovereignty, we must thoroughly study the nature of our writing, which in our history has not yet been paid attention to, which has remained out of our field of vision and has not been studied in accordance with the requirements of the time. Research in this direction can contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the real links between the present and the past of the language and culture of the Kyrgyz people, the restoration of its unique, unique customs and attitudes.

A Sociolinguistic Study on the Development of Grammar System of Treatment Expression

Analysis of the language in which honorific expressions are developed has revealed various findings. The social and cultural background can be considered by analyzing the history of the honorifics, etc., but the honorifics are often used in colloquial language. Is also an issue of this research. Since honorifics reflect not only their practical aspects but also society, culture, and ideas, it is one clue to know from the history and usage of honorifics, and there is room for sociolinguistic analysis and consideration. Is an area where there are still many.

Właściwości składniowe i słowotwórcze języka familijnego Joachima Lelewela (na podstawie listów do najbliższych)

The purpose of the article is to characterize syntactic and word-formation phenomena that appear in the family language of Joachim Lelewel. The language material originates from letters addressed to his family, which were included in Żupański’s two-volume publication. The sociolinguistic and historical-linguistic perspectives were combined in the interpretation of language phenomena. Due to the fact that Lelewel’s idiolect was influenced by several varieties of Polish, the description of the properties of both systems required a confrontation of research material with monographic studies and lexicons dealing with general Polish of the 18th and 19th centuries as well as publications devoted to the northeast variety and the Masovian dialect. The distinguishing feature of language from the researched mail is the occurrence of variant forms at both characterized levels of the grammar system and the ease of creating occasionalisms. Additionally, the relationships of Lelewel’s family language were confirmed with colloquial and dialectal Polish – Masovian and North-Eastern Polish – with which archaic language of his letters should also be associated.