Comparative analysis of sour cherry cultivars on their ecological and biological indicators

Sour cherries developed in the northern hemisphere, an alloploid hybrid of dwarf sour cherries (Prunus fruticosa) and bird cherries (P. avium), born in the confluence of the two species. However, the ecological and, above all, cold tolerance of the ancestor of cultivated sour cherries is higher than that of wild cherries (De Candolle, 1894; Rehder, 1954; Terpó, 1974; Iezzoni et al., 1991; Faust & Surányi, 1997). The cultivation limits are in the northern hemisphere 38-44. degree. The Carpathian Basin, the Balkans and Asia Minor are considered to be the main birthplaces for sour cherries. The genetic and morphological diversity of sour cherries is greater than that of the basic species (Iezzoni et al. 1991; Faust & Surányi, 1997). In the study, 472 sour cherry cultivars were compared based on 7 relative ecological indicators and 3 biological values. Compared to other Prunus species, we mostly found less variability in sour cherries - not counting their salt tolerance (SB). The partial similarity between open pollination (OP), frost tolerance (FR) and disease resistance (DR) - partly true in terms of varieties, but also reflected the effects of purposeful breeding and selection. The cultivars together - in comparison, showed balance, but in the highlighting, the differences of the 3 cultivar groups became significant. Indeed, the differences between the species of the former Hungarian cultural flora are clearly different (Surányi, 2004), which is also the case when comparing a large number of apricot (Surányi, 2014), plum (Surányi, 2015) and peach (Surányi, 2020) varieties.

Archaeological Complexes from Catacomb of South Kazakhstan in the Context of Sarmatian Themes

The article is devoted to archaeological research of new discovered burial structures in the form of catacomb at the Kylyshzhar cemetery (1st century BC – 3rd century AD), in which artifacts were found similar to the monuments of the Sarmatian appearance. They include a number of ritual actions and burial implements close to the burial practice of the Sarmatians: range and blade weapons (iron tang daggers with a stone pommel, arrowheads), horse tack (iron girth buckles), bronze mirrors, household items and ritual objects (iron buckles, chalk amulets), jewelry (Egyptian faience ribbed beads). The characteristics of the grave goods from the catacombs of the Kylyshzhar cemetery, chronological calculations and ethno cultural interpretations indicate partial similarity between mentioned burials and the Sarmatian monuments of the 1st century BC – 3rd century AD despite major differences in such significant details of the funeral rite as the construction of burial pits and the orientation of the buried ones.

The geochemical consequences of mixing melts from contrast sources beneath the Jiaodebushan and Xiaogushan volcanoes, Wudalianchi volcanic field, Northeast China

<p>Potassic rocks from the Wudalianchi field are considered by some authors as derivatives of the mantle transition layer. However, this opinion is contradicted by the contrasting component composition of melts erupted in different volcanoes. From data of lead isotope compositions, the initial eruptions of lava flows 2.5–2.0 Ma ago were derived from the lithospheric Laoshantou and Gelaqiu model sources of about 1.88 Ga, while subsequent eruptions were derived from the Wohu source of about 0.15 Ga and the recent Molabu source (Rasskazov et al., 2020). Detailed sampling of volcanoes yielded geochemical evidence on both the individualization of sources beneath volcanoes and mixing of melts from contrasting sources. We present evidence on mixing of melts from the Gelaqiu, Wuhu, and Molabu sources beneath the Jiaodebushan Volcano and partial similarity of rock components from this volcano to material erupted in the Xiaogushan Volcano.</p><p>This work is supported by the RSF grant 18-77-10027.</p><p>Rasskazov S., Sun Y-M., Chuvashova I., Yasnygina T., Yang C., Xie Z., Saranina E., Gerasimov N., Vladimirova T. Trace-element and Pb isotope evidence on extracting sulfides from potassic melts beneath Longmenshan and Molabushan volcanoes, Wudalianchi, Northeast China. Minerals. 2020. V. 10: 319; doi:10.3390/min10040319</p>

Elder Abuse Multidisciplinary Teams: Describing and Classifying a Key Collaborative Resource for APS Workers

Elder abuse multidisciplinary teams (MDTs) are a key resource when APS workers address their most complex cases. MDTs promote coordination and information sharing, and provide access to highly specialized input and problem-solving from legal, health, social service, and financial fields. This paper characterizes the range of elder abuse MDTs across the U.S. We identified 324 MDTs in the U.S., which most frequently addressed cases of financial exploitation (90.8%), physical abuse (83.6%) and neglect (81.6%). Based on a follow-up survey, latent class analysis was used to determine closeness of a subset (n=91) to the elder abuse forensic center model, which has received much evaluation and policy attention. Twenty-six showed strong similarity to forensic centers, with 24 others showing partial similarity. Coupled with observations from site visits to 4 teams, findings can guide the development and evaluation of elder abuse MDTs to foster better interdisciplinary collaboration for APS workers. Part of a symposium sponsored by Abuse, Neglect and Exploitation of Elderly People Interest Group.

SOME ASPECTS OF LEGAL AND MORAL & ETHICAL BASIS OF EUTHANASIA IN INDIA AND SOUTH AFRICA (EXPERIENCE OF THE BRICS COUNTRIES)

This article is aimed at identifying of legal framework and ethical problems of euthanasia in two of the five BRICS countries belonging to the Anglo-Saxon system of law - India and South Africa. In this format, the article analyzes the approaches of these countries that create patterns of admissibility of euthanasia, its potential and ethical and legal basis for today, based on analytical reflections on the information gathered from sources and literature from the list of sources and literature. The relevance of this research is due to the fact that a number of approaches to legislation and the judicial acts under study can be useful in finding answers to similar questions related to euthanasia on our, Russian legal order. The analyzed ethical and legal experience is reflected both in historical (1986, 1996, 2011) and in new (2015, 2018) judicial acts. Thus, this study serves to fill the existing gap. The author’s results are presented in the identified partial similarity of approaches based on adherence to the Anglo-Saxon system of law, and differences in the understanding of the grounds for the permissibility of euthanasia. The theoretical and practical significance of the results obtained is determined by the fact that Russian readers will be provided with up-to-date scientific information about the state of the Indian and South African approaches in the field under study, which in practical terms will contribute to understanding the gap (or lack thereof) with the approaches of Russian researchers and practitioners (lawyers, etc.).

Research on the Application of Partial Similarity for a 1-1/2 Axial Compressor

In this paper, a method based on the partial similarity principle is presented to improve the aerodynamic design with low cost and high accuracy for a 1-1/2 axial compressor. By means of this method, during the process of a similar design, the machine Mach number and flowrate coefficient are maintained. The flow similarity between the prototype and its large-scaled alternative was observed, according to a detailed analysis of flow fields of rotor and stator. As well, the relative discrepancies of isentropic efficiency and pressure ratio between two models are 1.25% and 0.4% at design point, respectively. Besides, their performance curves agreed very well in the whole operating range. Moreover, it was also found that the flow similarity between the two models can be maintained under unsteady working conditions. Thereafter, in order to investigate the impact of stability optimization method on the similarity principle, casing treatment with single circumferential groove was applied to these two models. The flow similarity was still maintained and the flowrate near the stall was reduced about 1.1% with negligible deterioration of the overall performance.

Partial Similarity Reveals Dynamics in Brainstem-Midbrain Networks during Trigeminal Nociception

Imaging studies help us understand the important role of brainstem and midbrain regions in human trigeminal pain processing without solving the question of how these regions actually interact. In the current study, we describe this connectivity and its dynamics during nociception with a novel analytical approach called Partial Similarity (PS). We developed PS specifically to estimate the communication between individual hubs of the network in contrast to the overall communication within that network. Partial Similarity works on trial-to-trial variance of neuronal activity acquired with functional magnetic resonance imaging. It discovers direct communication between two hubs considering the remainder of the network as confounds. A similar method to PS is Representational Similarity, which works with ordinary correlations and does not consider any external influence on the communication between two hubs. Particularly the combination of Representational Similarity and Partial Similarity analysis unravels brainstem dynamics involved in trigeminal pain using the spinal trigeminal nucleus (STN)—the first relay station of peripheral trigeminal input—as a seed region. The combination of both methods can be valuable tools in discovering the network dynamics in fMRI and an important instrument for future insight into the nature of various neurological diseases like primary headaches.

Performance Analysis and Improvement of a Centrifugal Compressor Based on Partial Similarity Principle

In this paper, with the help of partial similarity principle, aerodynamic performance of a centrifugal compressor in a turbocharger unit is analyzed and improved based on a low-speed large-scaled model. In order to achieve flow similarity between the scaled compressor and the prototype, tip clearance and diffuser outlet diameter have been modified further. It is observed from the numerical results that the relative error between the scaled compressor and the prototype is less than 0.8%. It means that the flow field of the scaled compressor is similar to the prototype though the Reynolds number is neglected during the scaling process. Furthermore, the large-scaled impeller has been improved by analyzing the numerical results, and then, the improved impeller is scaled down back to the smaller one by using the partial similarity principle, which geometric dimensions have the same level as those of the prototype but performance is improved obviously. Meanwhile, the experiment results are used to validate the method.