Abstract
In this article, we have established a mathematical model using impulsive differential equations for the dynamics of crop pest management in the presence of a pest with its predator and bio-pesticides. The pest population is divided into two subpopulations, namely, the susceptible pests and the infected pests. In this control process, bio-pesticides (generally virus) infect the susceptible pest through viral infection within the pest and make it infected so that predators can consume it quickly. We assume that pest controlling, using this integrated approach, is a delayed process and thus incorporated latent time of susceptible pest and gestation delay of predator in the model as time delay parameters. The system dynamics have been analyzed using qualitative theory: the existence of the equilibrium points and their stability properties has been derived. Hopf bifurcation of the coexisting equilibrium point is presented for both the delayed and non-delayed system. Detail numerical simulations are performed in support of analytical results and illustrate the different dynamical regimes observed in the system. We have observed that the system becomes free of infection when the latent time of the pest is large. Coexisting equilibrium exists for the lower value of latent delay, and it can change the stability properties from stable to unstable when it crosses its critical value. In contrast, gestation delay affects the stability switches of coexisting equilibrium only. The combined effect of the two delays on the system is shown numerically. Also, viral replication rate, infection rate (from virus to pest) is also significant from the pest management perspective. In summary, both the delay is essential for crop pest management, and pest control will be successful with tolerable delays.