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Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 7368
Author(s):  
Yongje Shin ◽  
Hyunseok Choi ◽  
Youngju Nam ◽  
Euisin Lee

By leveraging the development of mobile communication technologies and due to the increased capabilities of mobile devices, mobile multimedia services have gained prominence for supporting high-quality video streaming services. In vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs), high-quality video streaming services are focused on providing safety and infotainment applications to vehicles on the roads. Video streaming data require elastic and continuous video packet distributions to vehicles to present interactive real-time views of meaningful scenarios on the road. However, the high mobility of vehicles is one of the fundamental and important challenging issues for video streaming services in VANETs. Nevertheless, previous studies neither dealt with suitable data caching for supporting the mobility of vehicles nor provided appropriate seamless packet forwarding for ensuring the quality of service (QoS) and quality of experience (QoE) of real-time video streaming services. To address this problem, this paper proposes a video packet distribution scheme named Clone, which integrates vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communications to disseminate video packets for video streaming services in VANETs. First, an indicator called current network quality information (CNQI) is defined to measure the feature of data forwarding of each node to its neighbor nodes in terms of data delivery ratio and delay. Based on the CNQI value of each node and the trajectory of the destination vehicle, access points called clones are selected to cache video data packets from data sources. Subsequently, packet distribution optimization is conducted to determine the number of video packets to cache in each clone. Finally, data delivery synchronization is established to support seamless streaming data delivery from a clone to the destination vehicle. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme achieves high-quality video streaming services in terms of QoS and QoE compared with existing schemes.


Author(s):  
Huahong Ma ◽  
Honghai Wu ◽  
Ling Xing ◽  
Ping Xie ◽  
Dan Wang

AbstractWith the development of various mobile social applications, video data has already occupied a dominant proportion of mobile Internet traffic, and is still growing rapidly, which not only brings economic pressure to users, but also causes traffic explosion on Internet. Data delivery through mobile opportunistic networks is regarded as an efficient way to deal with this problem. But, due to the characteristics of video data and the mode of multi-copy routing, video opportunistic delivery will consume large amount of network resources, resulting in excessive transmission overhead and lower delivery quality. Fortunately, the strong aggregation of human activity gives us some inspiration, which can provide more space of deep optimization on video opportunistic transmission. Thus, in this paper, taking fully advantage of the connectivity of cluster formed by the gathering crowds, we propose a Video Opportunistic Replication scheme based on multi-player cooperative games, named VideoOR, which can achieve the double optimizations of transmission overhead and video delivery quality by scheduling the replication and forwarding of video packets under the guidance of Nash Equilibrium solution. Extensive simulations have been done based on the synthetic and real mobility traces, and the results show that our scheme can maximize the quality of reconstructed video and minimize the average replication times of each video packet.


Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1663
Author(s):  
Ahmed Aliyu ◽  
Abdul Hanan Abdullah ◽  
Ismail Fauzi Isnin ◽  
Raja Zahilah Raja Mohd. Radzi ◽  
Arvind Kumar ◽  
...  

In video streaming over vehicular communication, optimal selection of a video packet forwarder is a daunting issue due to the dynamic nature of Vehicular Ad-hoc NETworks (VANETs)and the high data rates of video. In most of the existing studies, extensive considerations of the essential metrics have not been considered. In order to achieve quality video streaming in vehicular network, important metrics for link connectivity and bandwidth efficiency need to be employed to minimize video packet error and losses. In order to address the aforementioned issues, a Road-based Multi-metric Forwarder Evaluation scheme for Multipath Video Streaming (RMF-MVS) has been proposed. The RMF-MVS scheme is adapted to be a Dynamic Self-Weighting score (DSW) (RMF-MVS+DSW) for forwarder vehicle selection. The scheme is based on multipath transmission. The performance of the scheme is evaluated using Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), Structural SIMilarity index (SSIM), Packet Loss Ratio (PLR) and End-to-End Delay (E2ED) metrics. The proposed scheme is compared against two baseline schemes including Multipath Solution with Link and Node Disjoint (MSLND) and Multimedia Multi-metric Map-aware Routing Protocol (3MRP) with DSW (3MRP+DSW). The comparative performance assessment results justify the benefit of the proposed scheme based on various video streaming related metrics.


Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1239
Author(s):  
Ahmed Aliyu ◽  
Hesham El-Sayed ◽  
Abdul Hanan Abdullah ◽  
Intyaz Alam ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
...  

In multipath video streaming transmission, the selection of the best vehicle for video packet forwarding considering the junction area is a challenging task due to the several diversions in the junction area. The vehicles in the junction area change direction based on the different diversions, which lead to video packet drop. In the existing works, the explicit consideration of different positions in the junction areas has not been considered for forwarding vehicle selection. To address the aforementioned challenges, a Junction-Aware vehicle selection for Multipath Video Streaming (JA-MVS) scheme has been proposed. The JA-MVS scheme considers three different cases in the junction area including the vehicle after the junction, before the junction and inside the junction area, with an evaluation of the vehicle signal strength based on the signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR), which is based on the multipath data forwarding concept using greedy-based geographic routing. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated based on the Packet Loss Ratio (PLR), Structural Similarity Index (SSIM) and End-to-End Delay (E2ED) metrics. The JA-MVS is compared against two baseline schemes, Junction-Based Multipath Source Routing (JMSR) and the Adaptive Multipath geographic routing for Video Transmission (AMVT), in urban Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs).


MANETs have become very predominant when it comes to wireless communications. Multimedia streaming is rapidly increasing over all social networks. In this part of multimedia communication, Mobile – Ad – Hoc network (MANET) has established its importance to deliver enhanced Quality of Service (QoS). However, it can be stated that when it comes to multimedia applications, MANETs still need some improvisation especially when it comes to video transmissions. There still exists few difficulties when it comes to MANETs that are such as limited physical security and resources, less detection of malicious nodes, lack of authorization facilities etc. To avoid all these and to improvise the network use of a new design approach known as cross-layer approach is being used extensively by various researchers.. The cross layer approach is used to efficiently make use of all the network resources in a communication channel and provide the best adaptability. In this paper, we have proposed a model that will avoid packet loss and will rebuild the video packets at the receiver end thereby improving the overall performance of the network.


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