Come hell or high water: climate action by archives, records and cultural heritage professionals in the United Kingdom

Purpose This paper aims to evidence the perspectives of information professionals in the UK in relation to environmental sustainability and climate action to catalyse collaborative action. Design/methodology/approach This study takes an interpretivist stance. Research into archive and record management literature was conducted to establish key themes on climate change within the information sector. These themes informed research questions included in a survey cascaded to UK archivists, conservators, records managers and cultural heritage professionals via national mailing lists. The results were then codified and analysed. The study had research ethics and data protection approval from University College London. Findings Using professional ethics as a framework, this paper argues that climate action can protect records from the impact of climate change, ensuring future access. The information professionals surveyed were motivated by duties to preservation and access to mitigate the impact of the information sector on the environment. However, sector-specific climate action, such as introducing passive storage conditions or decreasing collection sizes, is limited by insufficient resources, organisational hierarchies and cultures, sector support and a perceived conflict with the duty to preservation. Originality/value To date, there is a growing body of literature from other countries on archival practices and the natural environment. However, the UK in general and the records management sector in particular, have not yet fully engaged in the discussion. This study reviews these knowledge gaps for the UK information sector to appropriately respond to climate change.

Fingerprint analysis (AFIS) and biometric system of identification by fingerprints: issue of artificial papillary pictures

The article discusses the theoretical and applied aspects, as well as prospects for the development of fingerprint examination, fingerprint records (automated fingerprint identification systems-AFIS) in the disclosure and uncovering of crimes, as well as biometric identification systems by fingerprints to protect personal data, control access to corporate and personal information, time tracking in the information sector of the economy. The paper presents methods form an ufacturing models with artificial papillary patterns (falsification of papillary patterns of fingerprints), the results of experiments that consisted in creating a model (dummy) of the nail phalanx of the finger with an artificial papillary pattern and verification of a biometric scanner using biometric technologies.

DYNAMICS OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATIONS IN THE NATIONAL ECONOMY OF UKRAINE

The purpose of the paper is to analyse the quantitative changes dynamics in the development and application of information and communication technologies in production and sale of information, traditional goods and services, provision of public services, as well as in everyday life of citizens. Methodology. The main method of research is the trend analysis of statistical data provided on the official website of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Results of the survey showed dynamics of digital transformations in the information sector of national economy of Ukraine, the level of use of information and communication technologies by enterprises outside the information sector, as well as the population and government agencies (2016-2019). Practical implications. Positive and negative changes in the information sector because of digital transformations in national economy of Ukraine are found. There are positive changes: annual growth of the information sector; growth of production volumes with the use of medium-high technologies; increase in sales of services with computer equipment; level of use of fixed broadband Internet access by enterprises higher than the average; positive dynamics of Internet use by the population; availability of Internet access in 94% of surveyed government agencies. There are negative changes: reduction of indicators of the use of information and communication technologies at the enterprises outside information sector; insufficient provision of enterprises with specialists in information and communication technologies; a small number of companies with official website and cloud technology; low indicators of e-business development according to the B2B interaction model; lack of generally accepted methodology and list of evaluation indicators; unsatisfactory level of collection, grouping and provision of statistical data about dynamics of digital transformations of the national economy by the State Statistics Service of Ukraine; unsatisfactory level of use of e-democracy instruments. Value/originality. The findings can be used to improve the mechanisms and measures of state regulation of digitalization of the national economy.

ESSENCE OF KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY AND THE DEGREE OF ITS INTEROPERABILITY WITH INNOVATIVE ECONOMY

This article discusses the development of the concept of “knowledge economy” and the totality of its infrastructure components. Based on a comparison of the components of the infrastructures of the “innovation economy” and “knowledge economy”, the de-gree of interoperability of these concepts is established. The content of the “educa-tion” component of the knowledge economy and the content of the components of “intellectual capital”, “information sector” and “network structures”, which are both part of the infrastructure of the knowledge economy and the infrastructure of the in-novation economy, are considered.

Digital library vs electronic library (Digital vs Electronic)

The etymology of the terms «digital» and «electronic» and their interpretation in world-known English language dictionaries and professional terminological dictionaries as applied to the library and information sector are analyzed; relevant conclusions by prominent Russian and foreign scholars are cited. The analysis findings on how the adjectives «digital» and «electronic» are used to characterize the libraries in the national professional publications of the recent years are presented. The conclusion is made that both adjectives may be used as synonyms for solving periodical and practical problems of library and information activities.