scholarly journals ORIGINS OF FORMATION OF KYIV SOCIAL AND HYGIENIC SCIENTIFIC SCHOOL: FROM THE FUNDAMENTALS OF MEDICAL SCIENCE, MEDICAL POLICE AND SANITARY STATISTICS TO SOCIAL MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (17) ◽  
pp. 4-12
Author(s):  
T.S. Gruzieva
Keyword(s):  
Social Issues ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Social Medicine ◽  
Scientific School ◽  
State Medicine ◽  
Social Hygiene ◽  
Department Of State ◽  
Progressive Development ◽  
Social Scientific

The aim of the work is to study the stages of formation of the Kyiv social and hygienic scientific school, the contribution of its founders to the development of medical and social scientific direction. Materials and methods. The source base consisted of published scientific papers and archive materials. The historical-bibliographic method has been used in this work. Results. The formation and development of the Kyiv social and hygienic school has deep historical roots, beginning with the scientific achievements of many generations of researchers, which were generalized and transformed into the discipline of "state medicine" and began to be taught at the department of state medicine at St. Vladimir's University in Kyiv, and later – at the department of hygiene, medical police, medical geography and statistics. Teaching of medical and social issues continued for a long time at multidisciplinary departments. Prominent hygienists contributed to the formation of the socio-hygienic scientific direction, including professors Subbotin V.A. and Orlov V.D., who highly appreciated the importance of statistics, epidemiology and organization of health work, contributed to their teaching within the training programs for future doctors. A decisive role in the formation of the Kyiv social and hygienic scientific School was played by Professor Korchak-Chepurkivsky O.V., who is considered to be its founder. The course on epidemiology and sanitary statistics developed by him in 1903 and the course "Fundamentals of Social Hygiene and Public Medicine" in 1906 laid a solid foundation for the progressive development of social and hygienic science in Ukraine, helped to establish its theoretical principles, substantiate its content, and improve methodology. Consistent advocacy by scientists of scientifically sound results of socio-hygienic research has often led to his persecution and harassment by the authorities. Insistence of Korchak-Chepurkivsky O.V. on the differentiation of the social and hygienic direction and the creation of a separate department, the mandatory teaching of social hygiene in higher medical education has been crucial for further establishment of departments of social medicine, training of scientific personnel and health professionals. Conclusion. The path of formation of the Kyiv social and hygienic scientific school, which was long, difficult and sometimes tragic, constitutes evidence of the progressive development of social hygiene in Ukraine, highlights the trajectory of the medical and social direction, the role of prominent personalities, especially Korchak-Chepurkivsky O.V. in the formation of conceptual principles and content of social hygiene, training of scientific and pedagogical staff, who continued the work that he started.

THE SUBJECT FIELD OF INSTITUTIONAL EDUCATION: THE SENSE AND PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-38
Author(s):  
Irina Mordous
Keyword(s):  
Decisive Role ◽  
Subject Field ◽  
National Education ◽  
Progressive Development ◽  
Separate Area ◽  
Economic Transformations ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Political Economic

The development of modern civilization attests to its decisive role in the progressive development of institutions. They identified the difference between Western civilization and the rest of the world. Confirmation of the institutional advantages of the West was its early industrialization. The genesis and formation of institutionalism in its ideological and conceptualmethodological orientation occurs as a process alternative to neoclassic in the context of world heterodoxia, which quickly spread in social science. Highlighting institutional education as a separate area of sociocultural activity is determined by the factor of differentiation of institutional theory as a whole. A feature of institutional education is its orientation toward the individual and his/her transformation into a personality. The content of institutional education is revealed through the analysis of the institution, which includes a set of established customs, traditions, ways of thinking, behavioral stereotypes of individuals and social groups. The dynamics of socio-political, economic transformations in Ukraine requires a review of the foundations of national education and determination of the prospects for its development in the 21st century in the context of institutionalism.

scholarly journals ACADEMICIAN K.V BUNIN AND HIS SCHOOL (ON THE OCCASION OF THE 100TH ANNIVERSARY OF HIS BIRTH)

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 61-63
Author(s):  
M. Sh. Knopov ◽  
V. K. Taranukha
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
100Th Anniversary ◽  
The State ◽  
Infectious Disease Specialist ◽  
State Prize ◽  
Scientific School ◽  
Public Figure ◽  
Disease Specialist

The life and career way of outstanding national infectious disease specialist, a talented organizer of medical science, known public figure, the creator of the original scientific school, Academician of AMS of the USSR, laureate of the State Prize of the USSR, Professor Konstantin V. Bunin is presented in the paper

scholarly journals Newly onset: sudden & severe headache in a patient who overused analgesic

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khairi Che Mat ◽  
Rohayah Husain ◽  
Nasir Mohamad
Keyword(s):  
Medical Science ◽  
Severe Headache ◽  
Increased Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Provisional Diagnosis ◽  
Early Management ◽  
Progressive Development ◽  
Acute Headache ◽  
First Time ◽  
Space Occupying Lesion ◽  
New Onset

This case report presented a rare cause of severe headache in a patient who developed episodes of acute severe headache for the first time. The earliest accurate provisional diagnosis is crucial for a new onset severe headache in adult. A good history taking and high index of suspicious are remained the most important clinical component in managing severe first time headache in adult. The differential diagnosis of subarachnoid hemorrhage, space-occupying lesion with increased intracranial pressure, acute intoxication, meningo-encephalitis and others must be ruled out as these conditions are benefited in early management. In this patient, progressive development of headache is masked by severe intense headache, which later will be described as acute headache. The causes of newly onset severe intense headache will be discussed in the discussion.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.14(4) 2015 p.399-401

scholarly journals Commercialization as a Factor in the Development of Institutional Aspects of Technoscience

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-144
Author(s):  
Елена Брызгалина ◽  
Elena Bryzgalina ◽  
Вениамин Занфира ◽  
Veniamin Zanfira
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Institution ◽  
Product Line ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Scientific School ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Progressive Development ◽  
Private Interests ◽  
Scientific Technical

The article features the institutionalization processes of modern technoscience, which occur under the influence of commercialization. These processes are described on the basis of the conceptual consideration of science as a social institution. Institutionalization is undestood as the process of formation of stable patterns of social interaction between science, technology, and business and their organizational and legal consolidation. Commercialization of technoscience leads to the formulation of a specific sphere of commodity production, where the product becomes an object of intellectual property, and social relations are built to obtain knowledge as a product aimed at transforming the world. This product is distinguished by its performativity, availability, and practical utility. In technoscience, the institutional forms of commercialization of activities are determined by the scope of its use, e.g. pharmacy or medicine, as well as private interests (from commercial profit, achieving power positions, strengthening prestige and gaining competitive advantages, to the whim of the beneficiary). The present research proves that the institutions that arise in the process of commercialization form infrastructure of the innovation activity. Thus, the process of institutionalization of technoscience has one of the main objectives of the formation of innovation infrastructure. All in all, organizations of scientific, technical, innovative, and support structures (government, commercial and non-profit organizations, etc.) act in the public interest. That way, they ensure the continuous progressive development of society by overcoming production downturns, its restructuring, changing, and expanding the product line, enhancing its competitiveness and attractiveness for domestic and foreign markets, as well as creating new jobs and preserving scientific and technical potential. The present research belongs to leading scientific school of Moscow State University "Transformation of culture, society, and history: philosophical and theoretical understanding"

scholarly journals Department of Pathophysiology of Siberian State Medical University: 120th anniversary of scientific and pedagogical activity

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
O. I. Urazova ◽  
S. A. Nekrylov
Keyword(s):  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Medical Institute ◽  
Scientific School ◽  
General Pathology ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Russian Medical ◽  
120Th Anniversary

The article is dedicated to the 120th anniversary of the foundation day of the Department of General Pathology (Pathophysiology) of the Imperial Tomsk University - Tomsk Medical Institute - Siberian State Medical University and scientists whose scientific and pedagogical activity as well as career paths are connected with the Department and Tomsk Cathedral Scientific School of Pathophysiologists, one of the oldest schools in Russia and the first one in the Asian part of Russia. Main directions of school's scientific and research work of the past years are described in the article as well as its present day achievements in science. Special attention is paid to the activity of the head directors and the best representatives of the Tomsk Pathophysiological School such as P.M. Albitsky, A.V. Reprev, D.I. Timofeevsky, P.P. Avrorov, A.D. Timofeevsky, L.F. Larionov, D.I. Goldberg, E.D. Goldberg, V.S. Lavrova, who made a significant contribution to the development of the Russian medical science and medical education. The data on the leading scientific school of the Russian Federation under the leadership of the RAMS Academician V.V. Novitsky is presented in the article.

scholarly journals Critical Media Effects Framework: Bridging Critical Cultural Communication and Media Effects through Power, Intersectionality, Context, and Agency

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srividya Ramasubramanian ◽  
Omotayo O Banjo
Keyword(s):  
Media Effects ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Dominant Mode ◽  
Cultural Communication ◽  
Collaborative Partnerships ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
World Today ◽  
The World ◽  
Critical Media ◽  
Social Scientific

Abstract In this essay, we advance the Critical Media Effects (CME) framework as a way of bridging two major subfields of communication that seldom speak to one another: media effects scholarship and critical cultural communication. Critical Media Effects is situated within the dominant mode of social scientific theorizing within media effects scholarship and draws on four key interrelated concepts from critical cultural communication: power, intersectionality, context, and agency. Critical Media Effects advocates for greater reflexivity, rigor, and nuance in theorizing about media effects to better respond to the complexity and dynamicity of emerging global sociopolitical mediated contexts. Recommendations, salient examples, and future directions for co-creating a shared research roadmap for CME are discussed. Through this work of bridging, we hope to promote more collaborative partnerships, productive engagement, and mutual solidarity across these two important subfields to address the most pressing social issues and challenges of the world today.

scholarly journals Hygiene Science Development in Ukraine under Social-Political Changes (in the second part ХІХ – 1920s): Historiography

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 234
Author(s):  
Nadiia Kotsur
Keyword(s):  
Science And Technology ◽  
Social Medicine ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Social Hygiene ◽  
University Departments ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
The University

The purpose of the article is to define the level of the scientific research on the hygiene studies development on the territory of Ukraine from the second part of XIX century till the 1920s under the conditions of the social-economical and political challenges of that time. Research methods: logical, chronological, comparative-historical, analytical-syntactical, classification, periodization, historical-genetical, and structural. Main results. This article deals with the scientific contribution into defining the challenges of hygiene studies development in Ukraine from the second part of XIX century till the 1920s. We have analyzed the main historiographic periods in the establishment and development of the hygiene science, all existing methodological approaches in historiography, and the theoretical paradigms in this field. Three historiographic periods concerning this topic were highlighted: the first period – from the second part of ХІХ till 1917; the second period – the soviet one, from 1917 till the end of 1980s; the third period – the modern one, beginning from 1991 till now. We analyzed Ukrainian historiography in terms of the establishment and development of the hygiene as a science, taking into consideration socio-economical and political changes in the country during the second part of the ХІХ till 1920s. Historiography, which reveals the hygiene science development at universities comprises of the significant amount of historical, statistical, encyclopedic, and methodological literature, which reflects the content, structure, organization, university research staff, which allows us to consider the development of hygiene science at the university level as essential in its transformation into a branch of science, a form of the social consciousness, and a part of culture of the society. Hygiene became a science which can make practical recommendations and respond to social needs. Experimental research in the hygiene were conducted at the university departments and at the state research laboratories. In the field of historiography, there were numerous scientific works on the development of hygiene as a science at the universities and in social medicine. Manuals, books, terminology dictionaries for doctors and students were issued during this period. Numerous terms were also defined, for example, “prophylaxis”, “hygiene”, “social hygiene”, “civil hygiene”, “social medicine”. It’s worth mentioning that these terms keep being updated. The significant contribution to the hygiene issues research was made by the outstanding scientists from the universities in Kyiv, Kharkiv, and Novorosiysk, where the respective hygiene departments were established and all the fundamental and applied research were conducted, improved, and expanded. Practical significance. This article is recommended for the courses of the history of Ukraine, science and technology, social medicine ,and for the course of the history of science and technology. Originality. In this article we analyzed and summed up the experience of the Ukrainian scientists, who had studied the history of the hygiene studies, in order to define the most effective model of hygiene component of the social medicine nowadays. The innovative component. We put forward the brand-new prospective of the hygiene studies development from the second part of the XIX century till the 1920s, taking into consideration the historical documents and research paradigms. Moreover, the research assessments under the social-political changes Ukraine from the second part of the XIX century till the 1920s were established. Article type: descriptive.

scholarly journals Utilization of Social Issues in PBL to Improve Problem-Solving Abilities of High School Students in Ecosystem Material

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-189
Author(s):  
Kamalia Nurazizah Rahmawati ◽  
Sigit Saptono ◽  
Endah Peniati
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
School Students ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Scientific Issue ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
Pbl Model

Problem-solving skills related social-scientific issue in society’enviroment need to be owned by students. This capability can be trained by  PBL (Problem Based Learning) model. The purpose of this research is to analyze problem solving abilities of students. The type of this research is quasi experiment with one group pretest-posttest design. Sample of the research is X grade students from SMA N 1 Semarang and SMA Ksatrian 1 Semarang. The result consisted of primary outcome in the form of capability, N-gain value and classical content mastering as well as secondary outcome covering the implementation of learning, teacher's response and student's response. Based on the result, the average of problem solving ability SMA N 1 Semarang increased from 70% to 79,5%, while SMA Ksatrian 1 Semarang increased from 59,5% to 73%. Completeness of classical learning  SMA N 1 Semarang, class X MIPA 7, 97% and class X MIPA 9, 79%. The completeness of classical learning SMA Ksatrian 1 Semarang, class X MIPA 3, 80% and class X MIPA 5, 65%. N-gain value of SMA N 1 Semarang 0,553 and SMA Ksatrian 1 Semarang 0,433 in medium category. The conclusion of this research is the utilization of social issue with PBL model can improve problem solving ability on ecosystem’learning in SMA.

scholarly journals Evaluation of medical students to interest in the health research in Kazakhstan at 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Akanov ◽  
V Koikov ◽  
A Abduazhitova ◽  
A Aubakirova ◽  
D Otargalieva
Keyword(s):  
Science Education ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Project Based Learning ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Scientific School ◽  
Main Principle ◽  
Future Health

Abstract Background Since medical education is significantly different from other conditions of higher education, it is necessary to analyze the influence of the health research component on the quality of training a future health specialist. Methods A quantitative analysis based on the survey. 2 types of original questionnaires were based on the AGREE method: a) to analyze the involvement of medical students, and b) to analyze the teachers of medical universities to integrate health research into the educational process. The survey involved 1,439 medical students. Results 85±1.02% of medical students agree that the triangle of science, education and practice is the main principle of doctors. 63±2.76% of students indicate a discussion with the teacher about the latest advances in medical science. 77±3.24% of surveyed students believe that health research is conducted at a good level. 78±5.8% of students confirm a good health research infrastructure at the University. The continuity of the scientific school and the discussion of the health research results was confirmed by 74±1.24% of students. Evaluation of the participation of teachers in the study showed that 32±3.41% of respondents do health research at the time of the survey. 63±7.1% of teachers agree that the “science-education-practice” triangle is the main principle of doctors. 70±5.17% of teachers indicated the use of Case-based learning, Project-based learning and Research-based learning in their teaching practice. Conclusions The analysis showed a lack of involvement of medical students in health research and a lack of commitment of educational organizations to the principle of the triunity of science, education and practice. Key messages Medical students who are engaged in research have professional competencies related to the practical use of their knowledge and skills than their peers who are not involved in research. Involving medical students in research provides benefits for Universities, medical students and stakeholders.

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