Instruments for studying socio-psychological factors in interpersonal communication dysfunction in marital conflicts

Introduction. The changing role of family in the society and the increased rate of divorce highlight the problem of socio-psychological factors that contribute to the emergence of marital conflicts caused by spouses' dysfunctional interpersonal communication. Aim: to determine a set of instruments for studying socio-psychological factors in interpersonal communication dysfunction in marital conflicts. Results. A proposed complex of instruments for studying of socio-psychological factors in interpersonal communication dysfunction in marital conflicts partners includes three groups of tools. The first group is aimed at studying the features of marriage partners' interpersonal interaction in conflict situations and their satisfaction with marriage. The second group includes focuses on studying micro-level socio-psychological factors (the characteristics of marital partners that affect their interpersonal communication in conflict situations). The third group consists of tools for studying meso-level socio-psychological factors (the features of family interaction with social environment and marriage partners' work-life balance, which can contribute to the emergence of marital partners' interpersonal communication dysfunction). Conclusions. The proposed set of instruments for studying the effects of socio-psychological factors on marriage partners' communication dysfunction in conflicts can be used by family counselors, family mediators, family therapists, and family coaches. The set of instruments can also be used for training future marriage partners, in particular, for marital conflict-management training.

SPECIFIČNOSTI SUPERVIZIJE OBITELJSKIH MEDIJATORA U SUSTAVU SOCIJALNE SKRBI

SPECIFIC FEATURES OF THE SUPERVISION OF FAMILY MEDIATORS WITHIN THE SOCIAL WELFARE SYSTEM ABSTRACT In the introduction of the paper, the need for the supervision of family mediators is described, and the key characteristics of the educational and method supervision are presented, as well as the models of apprenticeship as modern forms of supervisory monitoring of the acquisition of additional professional competencies in the context of the helping professions, especially mediation. The paper presents supervision conducted with the family mediators who work within the social welfare system through two supervisory cycles. The aims of the supervision were to contribute to the integration of their knowledge and skills, to monitor and analyse the direct work on mediation cases and to promote the development of professional identity of family mediators in order to increase the quality of work with the clients during the application of mediation as a psychosocial intervention and a more recent social service. The contents and topics of the supervisory work have been presented through individual supervisory questions (feelings of mediators, workplace, principles of mediation, beliefs and prejudices), then through professional and educational questions significant for all supervisees (the role of mediators, usage of concrete knowledge and interventions, specific forms of mediation, implementation of mediation, special circumstances, supervisory competencies), and finally through organisational difficulties related to the implementation of mediation (introduction to family mediation, legislative framework and rules, the experience of a lack of understanding). Specific supervisory challenges with regard to the group composition, manners of work and competence of the supervisor for the implementation of the educational and/or method supervision in this area of work with the families have been described. In the conclusion, the similarities and differences between the educational and method supervision have been discussed, as well as some elements of the apprenticeship model. Key words: educational supervision, method supervision, cognitive apprenticeship model, family mediation, development of competencies of family mediators.

KOMUNIKACIJA MEĐU PARTNERIMA U DIGITALNO DOBA: MOGUĆNOSTI OBITELJSKE MEDIJACIJE

COMMUNICATION BETWEEN PARTNERS IN A DIGITAL AGE: FAMILY MEDIATION POSSIBILITIES7 ABSTRACT Digital tools enable numerous advantages in everyday life, and the usage of the Internet is increasing in all age groups. Communication through modern technologies is conducted in everyday private and professional relationships, and therefore digital environment brings numerous changes in the area of interpersonal relationships. The influence of the online environment on partner relationships is in the focus of researchers and practitioners alike. The aim of this paper is to present modern trends in the area of partner communication in the digital environment and to present the possibilities and challenges for family mediators in the contemporary digital age particularly significant in actual crisis of COVID 19 pandemic. The first part of the paper is focused on partner relationships in the modern, digital age and it presents the results of the research in the area of partner communication in the online environment, as well as the implications for the practitioners in the area of partner relationships. The second part of the paper presents the possibilities of family mediation in the online environment. Digital tools and possibilities of online communication have many benefits in the professional practice of helping professionals who, due to the additional demands of the online environment, have the responsibility to improve their digital competencies and to implement modern technologies in their daily practice. Since the online environment brings specific ethical challenges to professionals, this paper will present the ethical standards needed for the area of online family mediation. The paper briefly presents the digital tools and applications which can be useful to the partners and family mediators during the family mediation process. Key words: digital environment, partner communication, family mediation, digital tools.

OBRAZOVANJE OBITELJSKIH MEDIJATORA U HRVATSKOM I MEĐUNARODNOM KONTEKSTU

EDUCATION OF FAMILY MEDIATORS IN THE CROATIAN AND INTERNATIONAL CONTEXT 5 ABSTRACT The paper provides an overview of the training of family mediators from the perspective of the number of hours and the contents of educational programmes in some member states of the European Union and some countries outside of Europe where family mediation is highly developed. The aim is to analyse the common and specific determinants with regard to the length of training, implementation of training and contents of training. The paper shows that there is no unified training practice for family mediators, and that the number of hours differs among the analysed countries. The educational programmes are conducted within professional associations and organisations that deal with family mediation or within faculties. A larger similarity can be observed in the contents covered by the educational programmes with regard to the knowledge needed for the implementation of family mediation, techniques and methods, principles, values, legal and psychosocial aspects of understanding the contents and procedures of mediation. Apart from theoretical aspects, attention is given to the methods of teaching which motivate practical implementation during the teaching, as well as direct practical work accompanying supervision. Key words: family mediation, education, number of teaching hours, content of education

The Design of the Role Model of Working Women (Occupational Health Perspective)

The purpose of this research study is to find and explain the role models of working women. This type of qualitative research uses descriptive design. Secondary data sources obtained from the 2017 IDHS data, data on married women who work, and tertiary data sources that reference several previously research sources. Univariate data analysis to calculate the distribution of the prevalence of working women. Tertiary data were analyzed using the Invivo 12 application to build concepts or role models. The results showed that the prevalence of working women was 80.3% (246 people), not working 2.8% (9 people) and not working in the last 12 months by 16.7% (52 people). The role models of women working in the family, which are: family mediators, support for their husbands, sources of income, family care, and children's education. The women who work have responsibilities to the family, the same as women who do not work (housewives). We conclude that the prevalence of married women who work increases, influenced by family needs and social strata of society. The working women have a dual role. There are an advised to continue to carry out their duties and responsibilities towards the family.

SURODITELJSTVO: ODREĐENJE, OBILJEŽJA I IMPLIKACIJE ZA OBITELJSKU MEDIJACIJU

COPARENTING: DETERMINATION, CHARACTERISTICS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR FAMILY MEDIATION ABSTRACT The definition, conceptualization and the first research studies of coparenting appeared in the beginning of this century, and ever since this process of mutual enterprise of two or more persons who co-operate in the upbringing of a child for whom they share responsibility has aroused a considerable research interest. The primary aim of this review is to present the existing understandings of coparenting as an important family process which influences the entire family, and which is of particular developmental importance for the children. An additional aim is to point to the implications of the united knowledge about coparenting on the family mediation practice in the Republic of Croatia in order to contribute to its development and scientific foundation. The first part of the review represents the theoretical origins for understanding the coparenting, as well as the results of the domestic and foreign research on the connection between coparenting and the characteristics of parental behaviour and the child’s psychosocial adjustment and the specific features of the coparenting after divorce are examined. The second part of the review discusses the implications of the presented knowledge on coparenting for family mediation, which is recognised as a method which is appropriate for helping families in which there are conflicts and problems in various domains of coparenting. The empirical foundation of the need to expand the area of mediation beyond divorce is emphasised, as well as for the development of different models of family mediation practice and for the usage of preventive mediation in the construction of quality family relationships in two-parent families. The importance of the possibility to integrate scientific knowledge on coparenting into the system of knowledge and skills of family mediators is pointed out. Key words: coparenting,parenting, divorce, family mediation.

Personal Divorce Coaching and Its Role in Decision-Making in Divorce

Where does personal divorce coaching fit in among the dispute resolution processes in divorce and how does it support decision-making throughout the proceedings? This article explores the definition of personal divorce coaching as a dispute resolution process, its theoretical roots, the blending of practices from other applied conflict resolution processes, and how it can be used to leverage the power of both coaching and dispute resolution in this particularly challenging environment of divorce. We explore how divorce coaching can shift individual focus from a vice-like grip on position to lifting up interests in the midst of the emotional turmoil that the dissolution of marriage can precipitate. We also review personal divorce coaching from the perspectives of key stakeholders in the process of divorce: family attorneys, family mediators, therapists, financial professionals and, most importantly, the divorcing client. In doing this, we also examine the boundaries of the divorce coaching process.