A Case Report of Mammary Analogue Secretory Carcinoma with Aggressive Clinical and Histological Presentation

Mammary analogue secretory carcinoma is a rare salivary gland tumor that has a wide range of clinical presentation ranging from indolent, local and slowly growing tumors to a very aggressive, infiltrative and widely metastasizing forms. We report a case of an unfortunate patient whose tumor had a very quick ominous disease course with aggressive clinical and histological presentation. This case is the first case, to our knowledge, to be reported in the literature from Saudi Arabia of MASC with features of high grade transformation

Pleomorphic Adenoma of Neck: Case Report

Pleomorphic adenomas are benign tumour of the salivary glands that mostly affect the parotid gland. The tumor's "pleomorphic" form can be explained by its epithelial and connective tissue origins. Females between the ages of 30 and 50 are more likely to get the tumour. The tumour usually presents as asymptomatic swelling that progresses slowly. The majority of treatment is surgical removal of the tumour mass, with special attention paid to preserving the facial nerve. This is a case report of a 42-year-old female patient who had a pleomorphic adenoma of the submandibular gland. On the right side of the face, the patient had a slowly growing asymptomatic swelling. Pleomorphic adenoma is the commonest salivary gland tumor characterized by diverse histomorphological features. Early diagnosis and treatment plan entails thorough history taking, clinical examination, coupled with radiographic and histopathological findings.

Sialoblastoma and Hepatoblastoma in an Infant: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

: Sialoblastoma is a rare salivary gland tumor, diagnosed in the neonatal period or during infancy. Hepatoblastoma accounts for less than 1% of all pediatric malignancies. The co-occurrence of these two tumors is extremely uncommon. Here, we report a case of concurrent sialoblastoma and hepatoblastoma in an infant.

Epithelial-Myoepithelial Carcinoma of the Minor Salivary Glands: Case Series with Comprehensive Review

Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) is a rare salivary gland tumor that is histologically characterized by biphasic tubular structures composed of inner ductal and outer clear myoepithelial cells, which is especially uncommon in the minor salivary glands (MSG). Because of its histologic variety, complexity, and heterogeneity, it is sometimes challenging to make the accurate diagnosis. Here, we report a literature review of EMC of the MSGs with our experience of two cases. Incisional biopsy was suggestive of pleomorphic adenoma in Case 1 and pleomorphic adenoma or a low-grade salivary gland carcinoma in Case 2. Both cases were performed intraoral tumor resection, and they have good postoperative courses and are alive with no evidence of local recurrence or metastasis at 31 and 16 months, respectively. Considering that the anatomy, structure, and size of salivary glands are quite different from MSGs, it might be difficult to predict EMCs of the MSG similarly to EMCs of the major salivary glands. This comprehensive review also reports the features of EMC of the MSG cases and the trends of diagnosis and discusses treatment strategy.

Proliferation PET/CT Imaging of Salivary Gland Tumor

Salivary gland tumors are rare neoplasms which vary in terms of origin and malignant potential. 2-[18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET) has limited ability to differentiate between different types of salivary gland tumors because both Warthin’s tumors and pleomorphic adenomas usually show increased FDG uptake, with no statistically significant difference in standardized uptake value (SUV) compared with malignant salivary gland tumors. Here, we discuss 4′-[methyl-11C]-thiothymidine (4DST) PET, which provides cell proliferation imaging capable of demonstrating intense uptake in parotid carcinoma and Warthin’s tumor, but no uptake in parotid pleomorphic adenoma. This is the first report of the potential of proliferation PET/ computed tomography (CT) imaging for characterizing salivary gland tumors based on the molecular pathogenesis of the tumor.

A Case of Buccal Clear Cell Carcinoma Caused by Rare Fusion Gene: EWSR1-CREM

Clear cell carcinoma (CCC) is a rare entity in the salivary gland tumor. So far, only 10 cases of primary CCC of the buccal mucosa have been reported. Here, we first report an extremely rare case of buccal CCC with the EWSR1-CREM fusion gene. The patient, a 69-year-old woman, presented with a painless mass in the right buccal mucosa. The tumor, which had been present for about 10 years, measured approximately 15 mm in diameter and was pedunculated, elastic hard, smooth, and mobile. Histopathological examination revealed proliferating tumor cells with vacuolated and clear cytoplasm partially surrounded by hyalinized stroma. The tumor was not encapsulated, and no contact with the overlying epithelium was evident. Duct-like structures were occasionally observed in the tumor nests composed of clear cells. The tumor had invaded into surrounding muscle and adipose tissues. Immunohistochemical examination revealed that the clear cells were positive for epithelial cell markers, and myoepithelial markers were negative. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), performed to search for genetic abnormalities, demonstrated split positivity for EWSR1, and fusion with CREM was confirmed. These findings suggested a diagnosis of CCC.

Basal cell adenoma of the parotid gland: A rare entity

Basal cell adenoma (BCA) is a rare benign salivary gland tumor accounting for only 1–2% of all salivary gland tumors. We report a case of a 50-year-old man presenting a BCA of the parotid gland. A pleomorphic adenoma was initially suspected based on radiological features and fine needle aspiration cytology findings (FNAC).

Quantitative ubiquitylomics reveals the ubiquitination regulation landscape in oral adenoid cystic carcinoma

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is an extremely rare salivary gland tumor with a poor prognosis and needs attention on molecular mechanisms. Protein ubiquitination is an evolutionarily conserved post-translational modification (PTM) for substrates degradation and control diverse cellular functions. The board cellular function of ubiquitination network holds great promise to detect potential targets and identify respective receptors. Novel technologies are discovered for in-depth research and characterization the precise and dynamic regulation of ubiquitylomics in multiple cellular processes during cancer initiation, progression and treatment. In this study, 4D label free quantitative techniques of ubiquitination proteomics were used and we identified a total of 4152 ubiquitination sites in 1993 proteins. We also performed a systematic bioinformatics analysis for differential modified proteins and peptides containing quantitative information through the comparation between OACC tumor with adjacent normal tissues, as well as the identification of 8 protein clusters with motif analysis. Our findings offered an important reference of potential biomarkers and effective therapeutic targets for ACC.