INTERPRETATION OF THE CONCEPT OF JUSTICE IN THE ORKHON-YENISEI MONUMENTS

Runic writing became widespread among the Turkic-speaking tribes of Southern Siberia, Central and Central Asia during the historical period when these tribes were part of the largest Central Asian state of the early Middle Ages — the Turkic Khaganate. The first information about the Turk tribe is contained in Chinese sources — the dynastic histories as "Zhou Shu", "Bei Qi Shu", "Sui Shu" and "Bei Shi". The Chinese spelling of the ethnonym-tujue is reconstructed as turkut; this latter form of the ethnonym is unknown in other (non-Chinese) literary monuments of the VI-X centuries. According to historical sources, the design of the name Turk by the plural affix - (y)/, characteristic of the Mongolian languages — is a consequence of the perception of the ethnonym by the Chinese through the medium of the Mongolian-speaking Zhuan-zhuans.

INFLUENCE OF «SAMPO» IDEOLOGY ON THE MODERN FAMILY VALUE SYSTEM IN SOUTH KOREA

Looking back at the history of South Korea, we see that it is an East Asian state, the basis of the Confucian civilization. While the men's community was the main workers, the women's community was exclusively engaged in the household. During the process of globalization, many changes occurred in Korean society, and one of these changes directly influenced the emergence of the modern term «sampo generation». The concept of the Sampo generation is part of the concept of «N-po» and is currently the most intensively widespread trend in society among representatives of the adolescent and middle age.

Not public service broadcaster but public service roles: A political history of state-broadcasting in Bangladesh

This article offers a historical critique of state-administered media in South Asia. Taking Bangladesh as a media epicentre, the article extrapolates the geopolitical consequences of the colonial era and postcolonial transformation in the South Asian region under which the modern state-administered media in Bangladesh continue to survive, albeit declining. Drawing from field interviews and documentary research, the article further highlights the historical struggles of the state-broadcasters, particularly Bangladesh Television, in providing public service to fragmented masses. The findings suggest that despite its failure to break free from colonial and authoritarian political misuse, state-broadcasting continues to matter for the public service to a limited extent, not because how pervasive its propaganda is but how well its programming serves the diverse publics despite persistent political mistreatment and growing market pressures. The findings are reflected with other contexts of South Asian state-broadcasting.

HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF GEOLOGICAL SCIENCE IN UZBEKISTAN (20-80S OF THE XX-TH CENTURY)

The Article being considered the history of the creation and development of geological science in Uzbekistan using the example of the activities of scientists from Central Asian State University and Tashkent State University.Special attention is paid to the study of the practical orientation of geological surveys, fieldwork and laboratory research. As well as, shown is the phased discoveries, based on the research of University staff and their training of scientific personnel, specialized research institutions in the field of geology

CHARACTERISTICS OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE CHINESE INNOVATION SYSTEM

В данной статье рассматривается азиатская модель инновационной системы на примере Китайской Народной Республики. Хотя любое азиатское государство, в котором в той или иной степени применяется эффективная инновационная система, имеет свои особенности, Китайская инновационная система является одной из наиболее заметных и быстроразвивающихся. Особый упор в данной статье делается на крупные инновационные компании Китая. This article discusses the Asian model of an innovation system using the example of the Peoples Republic of China. Although any Asian state in which an effective innovation system is applied to one degree or another has its own characteristics, the Chinese innovation system is one of the most visible and rapidly developing. Particular emphasis in this article is placed on large innovative companies in China.

Introduction

The formation of the Anglo-Japanese alliance in February 1902 marked an important moment in modern diplomatic history: for the first time in decades, a European power concluded a nominally equal defensive partnership with an Asian state. But the alliance’s crossing of the ‘global colour line’ was politically fraught from the outset, and would become more so as Japan came to pose an ever more explicit challenge to the racial orders on which the British imperial system rested. While Japan came to play a pivotal role in the geostrategic security of the British Empire in Asia, it was simultaneously denounced as a ‘yellow peril’ to British (or ‘Anglo-Saxon’) ascendancy in the Pacific. By examining the Anglo-Japanese relationship along the twinned arcs of empire and race, this book does two things. First, it offers new insight in how Japan’s integration in the international order was complicated by race. Second, it shows how the Japanese ‘question’ came to shape the evolution of the Edwardian British Empire.

Professionalization in Asia – whence and whither

Purpose The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to assess the impact of the 1999 Special Issue on Professionalization in Asia in the Accounting, Auditing and Accountability Journal (AAAJ); and second, more generally to review research on this topic post-1999. Design/methodology/approach The paper starts with a discussion of the research articles of the Special Issue. It then identifies research that has cited papers in the Special Issue and which focusses on professionalization in Asia to identify relevant subsequent research. In addition, a literature search is conducted to locate post-1999 work that has not cited papers from the Special Issue but has investigated the same topic area. Analyzing both sets of work enables an integrated review of the field and aids the identification of future research opportunities. The study covers published research articles and books on professionalization projects in Asia from 1999 to 2018. In this paper, reference to Asia focusses on East Asia (including countries such as China and Japan), South Asia (including countries such as Bangladesh, India and Sri Lanka), and South East Asia (including countries such as Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Vietnam). Given the elapsed time of near 20 years, there has been sufficient time for research to be published. Therefore, the review focusses on published output only and does not discuss unpublished theses, conference proceedings nor working papers. Findings First, the Special Issue of AAAJ in 1999 generally adopted a critical lens and studied professionalization as projects of market closure and collective mobility. The corporatist framework of Puxty et al. (1987) provided a useful framing to analyze the influence of states, markets and communities on professionalization. Second, the Special Issue has helped to spur interest in understanding professionalization in the region. Post-1999, there are studies of countries not covered in the Special Issue. Third, the themes identified in the Special Issue continue to be relevant and are examined in post-1999 work: the active role of the state, the legacies of colonization, the activities of transnational accounting bodies; and to a lesser degree, the influence of transnational accounting firms. Finally, future research could usefully focus on: the distinctive and more expansive role of Asian state agencies; the conduct of deeper comparative research; the role of accounting firms in the region; and the impact of transnational agencies such as the International Federation of Accountants and the World Bank. Research limitations/implications There are three limitations. First, the review of literature omits unpublished research such as PhD theses and working papers. Second, it focusses only on research published in English. As a result, some work may be excluded. Third, it assesses the contribution of a single issue (i.e. the 1999 AAAJ Special Issue) and does not discuss work that preceded 1999. Originality/value This paper is aimed at assessing the impact of the 1999 Special Issue but also presents a wide-ranging analytical review of published research on accounting professionalization in Asia since 1999. The paper identifies several areas for future research and proposes a modified model of state-market-community-profession relations. In particular, the paper emphasizes the large and distinctive roles of Asian state agencies and the activities of transnational actors (both those within the profession as well as those that are external).