Developing Innovative Models for Learning in Social Isolation Environments: Exemplifying it for the Bone Anatomy Study

Anatomy knowledge is essential for many professionals, such as: doctors, nurses, biologists, biochemical, physiotherapists and any professional in physical education. Over the years, the main anatomical teaching method, the dissection of cadavers becomes less common due to issues related to high costs associated with the maintenance of laboratories, ethical aspects and health risks related to exposure to formaldehyde vapor. This factor was maximized with the Covid-19 pandemic, since presentials accesses to laboratories have become unviable. In order to offer a complementary tool for the teaching of bone anatomy, we propose in this work a serious game in augmented reality, based on controls by analysis of manual gestures, to assist the learning of this discipline.

EFFECT OF A PECTIN-BASED PREPARATION ON THE MICROBIAL OBSERVANCE OF HATCHING EGGS OF HENS

The article presents the results of processing incubation chicken eggs with a pectin- based preparation to reduce microbial contamination of the egg shell. It was found that the use of a 1% solution of pectin before laying and on the 18,5th day of incubation reduces the total contamination of the shell by 78,9-98,4% and the frequency of excretion of microflora by 10-100% in comparison with the control, we treat with formaldehyde vapor. This made it possible to increase the hatchability of eggs by 2,69%.

Decontamination of Bacillus Spores with Formaldehyde Vapor Under Varied Environmental Conditions

Introduction: This effort investigated formaldehyde vapor characteristics under various environmental conditions by the analyses of air samples collected over a time-course. This knowledge will help responders achieve desired formaldehyde exposure parameters for decontamination of affected spaces after a biological contamination incident. Methods: Prescribed masses of paraformaldehyde and formalin were sublimated or evaporated, respectively, to generate formaldehyde vapor. Adsorbent cartridges were used to collect air samples from the test chamber at predetermined times. A validated method was used to extract the cartridges and analyze for formaldehyde via liquid chromatography. In addition, material demand for the formaldehyde was evaluated by inclusion of arrays of Plexiglas panels in the test chamber to determine the effect of varied surface areas within the test chamber. Temperature was controlled with a circulating water bath connected to a radiator and fan inside the chamber. Relative humidity was controlled with humidity fixed-point salt solutions and water vapor generated from evaporated water. Results: Low temperature trials (approximately 10°C) resulted in decreased formaldehyde air concentrations throughout the 48-hour time-course when compared with formaldehyde concentrations in the ambient temperature trials (approximately 22°C). The addition of clear Plexiglas panels to increase the surface area of the test chamber interior resulted in appreciable decreases of formaldehyde air concentration when compared to an empty test chamber. Conclusion: This work has shown that environmental variables and surface-to-volume ratios in the decontaminated space may affect the availability of formaldehyde in the air and, therefore, may affect decontamination effectiveness.

Formaldehyde Vapor Characteristics in Varied Decontamination Environments

Introduction: This effort investigated formaldehyde vapor characteristics under various environmental conditions by the analyses of air samples collected over a time-course. This knowledge will help responders achieve desired formaldehyde exposure parameters for decontamination of affected spaces after a biological contamination incident. Methods: Prescribed masses of paraformaldehyde and formalin were sublimated or evaporated, respectively, to generate formaldehyde vapor. Adsorbent cartridges were used to collect air samples from the test chamber at predetermined times. A validated method was used to extract the cartridges and analyze for formaldehyde via liquid chromatography. In addition, material demand for the formaldehyde was evaluated by inclusion of arrays of Plexiglas panels in the test chamber to determine the impact of varied surface areas within the test chamber. Temperature was controlled with a circulating water bath connected to a radiator and fan inside the chamber. Relative humidity was controlled with humidity fixed-point salt solutions and water vapor generated from evaporated water. Results: Low temperature trials (approximately 10°C) resulted in decreased formaldehyde air concentrations throughout the 48-hour time-course when compared with formaldehyde concentrations in the ambient temperature trials (approximately 22°C). The addition of clear Plexiglas panels to increase the surface area of the test chamber interior resulted in appreciable decreases of formaldehyde air concentration when compared to an empty test chamber. Conclusion: This work has shown that environmental variables and surface-to-volume ratios in the decontaminated space may affect the availability of formaldehyde in the air and, therefore, may affect decontamination effectiveness.

USING OZONE TO STIMULATE QUAIL EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT DURING INCUBATION

Most often in industrial poultry farming formaldehyde vapors are used for preincubation processing of eggs, which has a toxic effect both on staff and on the development of embryos during incubation. In this regard, still more attention is paid to the search for environmentally friendly methods of processing eggs and stimulating embryos. Objective: to establish the effect of pre-incubation treatment of eggs with ozone on embryo development rates. The research was carried out at “OOO MIP EcoDom”, which operated at the Gorsky State Agrarian University from 2016 to 2019. Quail eggs of the Estonian breed were taken for the study; they were divided into 4 groups: the control one was processed in the traditional way (formaldehyde vapor per 1 m3 of the volume of a special chamber 35 ml of 37% formalin solution plus 20 ml of water plus 20 g of potassium permanganate); for the first experimental group the duration of ozonation was 10 minutes; the second it was 20 minutes and for the third – 30 minutes. The ozone concentration was 10 mg/m3 . In the course of incubation on the 5th, 10th and 15th day, in accordance with the established standards, biological control was performed. The studies of the morphology of the experimental bird showed that during the period of hatching the chickens of all experimental groups were well developed. They had well-defined blood vessels, the entire body was covered with down. The limbs were pressed to the eggshell, and the head was near the air chamber. Deviations from the norms and pathologies were not found. Basing on the above, it can be concluded that the ozonation of hatching eggs does not cause side effects and positively affects the further development of chicks. It was found that the mass of quail embryos, incubated eggs, subjected to pre-incubation treatment with ozone lasting 20 minutes and a concentration of 10 mg/m3 was significantly higher than the corresponding parameter in the control at 6-, 10- and 15-day olds by 12.20%; 21.46% and 12.75%, respectively. The same pattern was observed in terms of embryo lengths.