Does stereoscopic imaging improve the memorization of medical imaging by neurosurgeons? Experience of a single institution

Stereoscopic imaging has increasingly been used in anatomical teaching and neurosurgery. The aim of our study was to analyze the potential utility of stereoscopic imaging as a tool for memorizing neurosurgical patient cases compared to conventional monoscopic visualization. A total of 16 residents and 6 consultants from the Department of Neurosurgery at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin were recruited for the study. They were divided into two equally experienced groups. A comparative analysis of both imaging modalities was conducted in which four different cases were assessed by the participants. Following the image assessment, two questionnaires, one analyzing the subjective judgment using the 5-point Likert Scale and the other assessing the memorization and anatomical accuracy, were completed by all participants. Both groups had the same median year of experience (5) and stereoacuity (≤ 75 s of arc). The analysis of the first questionnaire demonstrated significant subjective superiority of the monoscopic imaging in evaluation of the pathology (median: monoscopic: 4; stereoscopic: 3; p = 0.020) and in handling of the system (median: monoscopic: 5; stereoscopic: 2; p < 0.001). The second questionnaire showed that the anatomical characterization of the pathologies was comparable between both visualization methods. Most participants rated the stereoscopic visualization as worse compared to the monoscopic visualization, probably due to a lack of familiarity with the newer technique. Stereoscopic imaging, however, was not objectively inferior to traditional monoscopic imaging for anatomical comprehension. Further methodological developments and incorporation in routine clinical workflows will most likely enhance the usability and acceptance of stereoscopic visualization.

Developing Innovative Models for Learning in Social Isolation Environments: Exemplifying it for the Bone Anatomy Study

Anatomy knowledge is essential for many professionals, such as: doctors, nurses, biologists, biochemical, physiotherapists and any professional in physical education. Over the years, the main anatomical teaching method, the dissection of cadavers becomes less common due to issues related to high costs associated with the maintenance of laboratories, ethical aspects and health risks related to exposure to formaldehyde vapor. This factor was maximized with the Covid-19 pandemic, since presentials accesses to laboratories have become unviable. In order to offer a complementary tool for the teaching of bone anatomy, we propose in this work a serious game in augmented reality, based on controls by analysis of manual gestures, to assist the learning of this discipline.

An Overview of Knowledge Levels about Organ Topography and Structure among Grade IV Medical Students

One of the competencies the students of the graduate medical education is to apply the basic principles of the science of biomedicine, epidemiology, clinical, and behavior in the practice of medicine. Anatomy is one of the biomedicine sciences learned in medical education, including learning about the body's structure and organ topography. This research aims to describe the organ's structure and topography knowledge among the faculty of medicine students. This survey with 88 students was conducted in a faculty of medicine in Bandung city from October to December 2018 using a random sampling method. Statistical analysis using frequency distribution, percentage proportions, and Wald's statistics in the 95% confidence interval. The instrument for validity analysis is Pearsons's correlation, and the instrument for reliability analysis is Kappa's percent agreement. The results showed the average level of knowledge on organ structure and topography. It shows anatomical teaching and learning about the organ's structure, and the topography still needs to be optimized. GAMBARAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN TENTANG STRUKTUR DAN TOPOGRAFI ORGAN PADA MAHASISWA TINGKAT IV KEDOKTERANSalah satu kompetensi lulusan mahasiswa pendidikan kedokteran adalah mampu mengaplikasikan prinsip ilmu dasar biomedik, epidemiologi, klinis, dan perilaku dalam praktik profesi kedokteran. Anatomi merupakan salah satu ilmu biomedik dalam pendidikan kedokteran yang mempelajari struktur dan topografi organ. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan mahasiswa tingkat IV fakultas kedokteran mengenai struktur dan topografi organ. Survei terhadap 88 mahasiswa ini dilaksanakan di sebuah fakultas kedokteran di Kota Bandung dari bulan Oktober hingga Desember 2018 menggunakan metode random sampling. Analisis statistik menggunakan distribusi frekuensi, persentase proporsi, dan Wald’s statistic dalam 95% interval kepercayaan. Analisis validitas menggunakan Pearson’s correlation, sedangkan analisis reliabilitas menggunakan Kappa’s percent agreement. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat pengetahuan rerata tentang struktur organ dan topografi dalam kategori cukup. Hal ini menunjukkan pembelajaran anatomi tentang struktur organ dan topografi masih perlu dioptimalkan.

Multimaterial and multicolor 3D-printed model in training of transnasal endoscopic surgery for pituitary adenoma

OBJECTIVEThe aim of the present study was to investigate the practical value of a multimaterial and multicolor 3D-printed model in anatomical teaching, surgical training, and preoperative planning of transnasal endoscopic surgery for pituitary adenoma.METHODSMultimodality neuroimaging data were obtained in a 42-year-old healthy male volunteer and a 40-year-old female patient with an invasive nonfunctional pituitary adenoma. Three 3D-printed models were produced: a monomaterial and monocolor model, a monomaterial and multicolor model, and a multimaterial and multicolor model. The effects on anatomical teaching and surgical training for exposing the vidian nerve were assessed by 12 residents, and the training effect was validated on cadavers. The practical values for preoperative planning were evaluated by 6 experienced neurosurgeons. All evaluations were based on 5-point Likert questionnaires.RESULTSThe multimaterial and multicolor model was superior to the monomaterial models in surgical training for exposing the vidian nerve (Fisher test; p < 0.05). In addition, the multimaterial and multicolor model was superior to the monomaterial models in anatomical teaching and preoperative planning (Friedman test; p < 0.05).CONCLUSIONSMultimaterial and multicolor 3D printing technology makes it convenient and efficient to produce a practical model for simulating individualized and complex anatomical structures in the sellar region. Furthermore, the multimaterial model can provide a more realistic manipulative experience for surgical training and facilitate the preoperative planning.

Recent Advances and Changing Face of Anatomy Teaching and Learning in Medical Education

Background A sound knowledge of human anatomy is a major requirement for being a good physician or a practicing surgeon. Despite digitalization and modernization of education sector, traditional cadaveric dissection still occupies the leadership of anatomy education. It is becoming an untold truth that no modern technologies such as virtual dissection or 3D model printing could replace cadaveric dissection in its way of teaching students. Methods Recent research studies on modern anatomical teaching methods for medical and non-medical students and their influences are reviewed. Results Despite new technologies, traditional cadaveric dissection helps students to acquire more practical knowledge and still occupies prior position on its way.