Anti-breast carcinoma effects of green synthesized nickel nanoparticles from Alhagi ‎sparsifolia leaf aqueous extract: A pre-clinical trial study ‎

IntroductionMany nanoparticles have pharmacological and biochemical properties, including antioxidant and anti-‎inflammatory properties, which appear to be involved in anticarcinogenic and antimutagenic activities. In the recent study, nickel nanoparticles were green-synthesized using the Alhagi sparsifolia leaf aqueous ‎extract. ‎Material and methodsThe synthesized Ni nanoparticles‎ were characterized by analytical techniques including SEM, UV-Vis., and FT-‎IR. The nanoparticles were formed in a spherical shape in the average size of 16.19 nm. ‎ResultsIn the antioxidant test, the IC50 of Ni nanoparticles‎ and BHT against DPPH free radicals were 316 and 231 ‎‎µg/mL, respectively. In the cellular and molecular part of the recent study, the treated cells with Ni ‎nanoparticles‎ were assessed by MTT assay for 48h about the cytotoxicity and anti-human breast cancer ‎properties on normal (HUVEC) and breast cancer cell lines i.e. lobular carcinoma of breast (UACC-3133), ‎inflammatory carcinoma of the breast (UACC-732), and metastatic carcinoma (MDA-MB-453). The viability of ‎malignant breast cell line reduced dose-dependently in the presence of Ni nanoparticles‎. The IC50 of Ni ‎nanoparticles‎ were 477, 548, and 605 µg/mL against lobular carcinoma of breast (UACC-3133), inflammatory ‎carcinoma of the breast (UACC-732), and metastatic carcinoma (MDA-MB-453) cell lines, respectively. ‎ConclusionsAfter clinical study, nickel nanoparticles containing Alhagi sparsifolia leaf aqueous extract may be used to ‎formulate a new chemotherapeutic drug or supplement to treat the several types of human breast cancer. ‎

Case Report : Lymphocytic Lobulitis With Fibrocystic Disease Of The Breast

Lymphocytic lobulitis , is a fibroinflammatory benign condition of the breast which is associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus. This benign condition is uncommon and may be mistaken for inflammatory carcinoma of the breast. We report the case of a 61 year old female patient who presented with a lump in the right breast with a history of Type 2 diabetes mellitus. The lump was associated with discharge and recent onset pain. On examination a vague lump which was non mobile, involving the right breast was palpable. A single firm mobile right axillary lymph node was palpable. Peau d’orange or orange peel appearance which occurs due to blockage of sub dermal lymphatics by tumour infiltrates, was noted over the skin. Clinically the features were suggestive of inflammatory carcinoma. Mammogram suggested an inflammatory carcinoma. Ultrasound of the breast was suggestive of right duct ectasia and diffusely thickened breast with a Breast Imaging Radiology and Data System (BIRADS) score of 3. An incision biopsy was performed with histopathology confirming the lesion as lymphocytic lobulitis with fibrocystic breast disease. The patient was symptomatically managed with analgesics and reassured. She was observed on regular follow up and is currently healthy. Lymphocytic lobulitis is a rare benign lesion which mimics carcinoma. Clinically it presents with ill defined single or multiple breast lumps in young or middle aged women with thickening and hardening of skin. Magnetic Resonance Imaging better differentiates this otherwise indolent lesion from malignancies. A histopathological examination is usually confirmatory and required to alleviate concerns of patients regarding presence of a malignancy which has a much fearsome physical and psychological implication

P040 USP16 regulates p65 activation in macrophages and promotes the inflammatory-carcinoma transformation process in IBD patients

Background Long duration colonic inflammation increases the risk in developing intestinal dysplasia and further tumorigenesis, which is known as colitis-associated cancer (CAC). USP16, a deubiquitinase, is reported to regulate the T cell and macrophage function in acute colitis. But its function in CAC is never been studied. Methods We analyzed USP16 expression in tumor tissues and para-tumor tissues from patients with CAC by immunofluorescent staining. Then we established a CAC model in USP16MKO (conditional knock out in macrophage cells) and wild type mice by azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). Associated inflammatory cytokines were examined in normal colon and CAC by real-time polymerase chain reaction. And the signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms were studied. Results Expression of USP16 was found to be increased in tumor tissues from CAC patients than that in para-tumor controls. USP16MKO mice had fewer and smaller colon tumors than their WT littermates. Various inflammatory cytokines, including Tnf, Il12a, IL12b, Il23a and Il1b, were decreased in the colon tissues of USP16MKO mice. USP16 deficiency leads to the decrease of p65 activation and nucleation in macrophage. Through co-IP and immunofluorescent staining, USP16 was found to have an interaction with p65. And p65 deubiquitination was decreased in USP16 deficient macrophages. Conclusion USP16 is increased in colitis-associated cancer and regulates intestinal epithelial carcinogenesis by modulating pro-inflammatory responses in macrophages. USP16 serves as a deubiquitinase of P65 and thus promoting the activation and nucleation. Therefore, USP16 may serve as a novel therapeutic target to block inflammatory-cancer transformation

Actinomycosis of male breast: a rare case report

Actinomyces is a commensal of gastrointestinal and genital tract that may cause subacute or chronic granulomatous inflammation. Primary actinomycosis of breast is an extremely rare disease. It may present as a mass or as discharging fistulae. It is often diagnosed after biopsy. It may mimic inflammatory carcinoma or mastitis. Treatment is with a prolonged course of antibiotic. Authors present a case of a 70-year-old male with a palpable breast lump, that was suspected to be malignant. Wide local excision was performed, histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of actinomycoses breast. Patient was given antibiotics post operatively.

A Case Series of Breast Metastases from Different Extramammary Malignancies and Their Literature Review

Metastasis to the breast from all other primary sites is unusual. Twelve patients were diagnosed between 2007 and 2017 at National Cancer Institute, Mexico. Solitary or multiple masses, round or oval, and hypoechoic and solid lesions with posterior acoustic shadowing were patterns commonly reported in these patients; other arrangements include diffuse involvement of the breast simulating an inflammatory carcinoma. The development of a breast metastasis is revealed, in our experience, as a negative prognostic factor. Thus, the radiologist should know about the varied appearance of metastatic breast lesions and provide radiopathological correlations when available.

Clinical presentation and management of locally advanced breast carcinoma

Background: Locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) encompasses a heterogeneous collection of breast neoplasia with widely different clinical and biological characteristics. Multidisciplinary therapy has become the treatment of choice for these patients. The present study was undertaken to study the clinical presentation and effects of various modes of management of LABC.Methods: Total 45 patients presented with stage III and inflammatory carcinoma of breast were included in the study and treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, followed by surgery and radiotherapy. Clinical and pathological responses to different chemotherapy regimens were assessed according to World Health Organization criteria. Results: Majority of patients were in stage IIIA (55.6%) followed by stage IIIB (37.7%). Lump was most common symptom in all the cases followed by distortion of nipple (35.5%). After neoadjuvant chemotherapy, 70% of cases had clinical partial response and 25% of cases had clinical complete response and all except one case were converted from inoperable to operable cases. Histopathology was found to be infiltrating ductal carcinoma in 91.1% of cases. Flap necrosis (27.2%) and seroma (15.9%) was major complications of surgery while alopecia (88.8%), anemia (62.2%) were major complications of chemotherapy. Follow up data suggested that 77.7% patients doing well. One patient had expired after developing distant metastasis and 20% patients were lost to follow up.Conclusions: Treatment of LABC is multimodal and neoadjuvant chemotherapy converts inoperable cases to operable cases and improves longevity of life of the patient. The results of inflammatory carcinoma remain to be dismal in spite of multimodality treatment.