Pihon yŏsŏng – New Lifestyle and New Choices for Marriage and Unmarried Life in South Korea

In recent decades, the term pihon has become widely used among young Koreans, and it actually refers to a growing tendency: more and more men and women choose not to marry, even if this goes against the traditional social norms and the expectations of society. There are social, economic and psychological factors that influence this decision. For Koreans in their 20’s it is not easy to find stable employment; thus they tend to marry later and to have their first child when they are already in their 30s. As for having children, we should note that the birth rate in South Korea is extremely low; something that the government too finds alarming. However, it is difficult to encourage young people to have more children, since uncertainty about employment, poor support for mothers, high tuition fees and gender roles all affect this life-changing decision. The pihon, people who choose not to marry, have a very different lifestyle: members of the group prefer to focus on their careers, their independent lives and their own way of living. It is interesting that society’s view is – albeit slowly – also changing, and this attitude is more and more widely accepted, even though the older generations would prefer the traditional family structure. Of course, singles have to face problems such as loneliness, but they tend to think of it as “convenient” rather than “sad”. There is a notable paradox in Korean society – traditional concepts are still powerful in the 21st century, but circumstances can no longer ensure the conditions to support them. This causes misunderstandings and a wide gap between generations.

English parenting for Japanese parents

The popularity of English in early foreign language teaching is a global phenomenon. Parents and policymakers in Europe are eager to expose young children to a foreign language, which is usually English (De Houwer, 2015). Likewise, in Japan, English is the de facto foreign language subject in schools (Sakamoto, 2012). The introduction of English education in lower elementary grades and the use of English examination scores to enter schools or universities or gain employment has made English more important than ever. These educational policies motivate many Japanese parents to send their children for English lessons or enroll them in English preschools or after-school programs. Attending an international school is a definite way to acquire high English proficiency, but not every family can afford the high tuition.

The Impediments to Student Engagement: A hybrid Method Based on Fuzzy Delphi and Fuzzy DEMATEL

Student engagement is one of the most important determinants of learning outcomes in higher education institutions. This paper focuses on impediments to student engagement. The Fuzzy Delphi technique was used to screen and elicit important impediments. Four main criteria (individual, family, institution, and environment) and Twenty three sub-criteria were selected by experts through the fuzzy Delphi technique. The fuzzy DEMATEL technique was used to determine the causal relationships among the criteria (impediments). Findings showed that institutional, environmental, and family factors were in the cause group, individual, and family factors were in the effect group. Among the 23 sub-factors, eleven factors were in the cause group and twelve factors were in the effect group. The first three influencing factors were: teachers' poor quality of teaching, inadequate facilities of classroom and institution, and non-applicable materials and curriculum. The first three influenced factors were: poor quality of the relationship between teachers and students, financial problems and high tuition fees, and decreasing the value and status of education in the society.

Are International Students Getting a Bang for their Buck?

An increasing number of US universities are recognizing the importance of international students. As state subsidies for public higher education institutions remain low, the reliance on out-of-state tuition from international students underscore their importance. Because international students often pay such high tuition fees, it is worth studying how such fees impact their education. This study investigated to what extent institutional expenditures affect undergraduate international student graduation rates. Using OLS regression with robust standard errors, the results indicated that academic support expenditures are significantly related to international student graduation rates, but may have a minimal effect. In addition, out-of-state tuition was also found to be significant, suggesting tuition affects students in ways not captured by expenditure data.

Factors Responsible for Students’ Unrest in Nigerian Tertiary Institutions: Implications for Counselling Practices

ABSTRACT: This study, thus, investigated the factors responsible for students’ unrest in Nigerian Tertiary Institutions. Further investigation was also done based on moderating variables of age, gender, and religion if they would have any bearing on the participants’ views. The study was descriptive in nature. The sample consisted of one thousand and two hundred undergraduates, who were selected in six Universities in Nigeria using purposive, simple random, and systematic random techniques. A new questionnaire labelled FRSUQ (Factors Responsible for Students’ Unrest Questionnaire) was developed and used to collect data. The results showed that the factors responsible for students’ unrest in Nigerian Tertiary Institutions are unfavorable Government policies; poor staff-students’ relationship; poor teaching-learning facilities; high tuition fees; and non-responsiveness of University authorities among others. Results also showed that there were no significant differences in the factors responsible for students’ unrest in Nigerian Universities based on age, gender, and religion. KEY WORD: Factors Responsible for; Students’ Unrest; Nigerian Tertiary Institutions; Counsellors. ABSTRAKSI: “Faktor-faktor yang Bertanggung Jawab atas Keresahan Mahasiswa di Lembaga Pendidikan Tinggi Nigeria: Implikasi bagi Praktek Konseling”. Penelitian ini, dengan demikian, menyelidiki faktor-faktor yang bertanggung jawab atas keresahan mahasiswa di Lembaga Pendidikan Tinggi Nigeria. Penyelidikan lebih lanjut juga dilakukan berdasarkan variabel moderasi usia, jenis kelamin, dan agama jika mereka memiliki pandangan yang berbeda terhadap peserta. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif. Sampel terdiri dari seribu dua ratus mahasiswa, yang dipilih di enam Universitas di Nigeria menggunakan teknik sampel acak bertujuan, sederhana, dan sistematis. Kuesioner baru berlabel FRSUQ (Kuesioner Faktor-faktor yang Bertanggung Jawab atas Keresahan Mahasiswa) dikembangkan dan digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor yang bertanggung jawab atas keresahan mahasiswa di Lembaga Pendidikan Tinggi Nigeria adalah kebijakan Pemerintah yang tidak menguntungkan; hubungan staf-mahasiswa yang lemah; fasilitas belajar-mengajar yang buruk; biaya kuliah yang tinggi; serta tidak responsifnya pihak otoritas Universitas antara lain. Hasil kajian juga menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan signifikan dalam faktor-faktor yang bertanggung jawab atas keresahan mahasiswa di Universitas Nigeria berdasarkan usia, jenis kelamin, dan agama. KATA KUNCI: Faktor-faktor yang Bertanggung Jawab atas; Keresahan Mahasiswa; Lembaga Pendidikan Tinggi Nigeria; Pembimbing.About the Author: Dr. Aminat Adeola Odebode is a Lecturer at the Department of Counsellor Education UNILORIM (University of Ilorin), Nigeria. For academic interests, the Author is able to be contacted via e-mail adrress at: [email protected] Suggested Citation: Odebode, Aminat Adeola. (2019). “Factors Responsible for Students’ Unrest in Nigerian Tertiary Institutions: Implications for Counselling Practices” in MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN: Jurnal Indonesia untuk Kajian Pendidikan, Volume 4(2), September, pp.93-102. Bandung, Indonesia: UPI [Indonesia University of Education] Press, ISSN 2527-3868 (print) and 2503-457X (online). Article Timeline: Accepted (July 3, 2019); Revised (August 17, 2019); and Published (September 30, 2019).

Challenges faced by International students at Kwantlen Polytechnic University

This study aimed to investigate the challenges international students face during their studies at Kwantlen polytechnic university. The research focused on the English language, study-related and financial issues, and adjustment to life in Canada. The participants were 25 females and 38 male students of 18- 35 years old from China, India and the Middle East. The materials included a challenges questionnaire, coping and religiosity scales, adjustment in Canada and religious involvement scales, and a demographic questionnaire. The data were collected at three campuses of KPU. The main challenges reported by the majority of international students were high tuition fees, high rents, part-time work, and missing the families. Most international students liked small class sizes, were satisfied with the education, felt comfortable communicating with professors, were welcomed by their peers and had adjusted to Canadian culture. In general, international students who used both emotion-avoidance and problem-focused coping strategies were better at facing challenges.

Elite Colleges and Upward Mobility to Top Jobs and Top Incomes

This paper asks whether elite colleges help students outside of historically advantaged groups reach top positions in the economy. I combine administrative data on income and leadership teams at publicly traded firms with a regression discontinuity design based on admissions rules at elite business-focused degree programs in Chile. The 1.8 percent of college students admitted to these programs account for 41 percent of leadership positions and 39 percent of top 0.1 percent incomes. Admission raises the number of leadership positions students hold by 44 percent and their probability of attaining a top 0.1 percent income by 51 percent. However, these gains are driven by male applicants from high-tuition private high schools, with zero effects for female students or students from other school types with similar admissions test scores. Admissions effects are equal to 38 percent of the gap in rates of top attainment by gender and 54 percent of the gap by high school background for male students. A difference-in-differences analysis of the rates at which pairs of students lead the same firms suggests that peer ties formed between college classmates from similar backgrounds may play an important role in driving the observed effects. (JEL I23, I26, J16, O15)

Internal Threat I

Hyperventilated talk about the end of the American university often presumes that soaring list-price tuition means that college cost is out of control. This chapter lays out the history of list-price tuition, net price to students, and revenue to schools. It reviews the broad economic forces that lead college cost to rise faster than the inflation rate. It then contrasts those forces with claims that cost is driven by increasing dysfunction and inefficiency in higher education. These claims that figure so prominently in today’s narrative of sky-high tuition include administrative bloat and amenity competition.