Microfluidic-based imaging of complete C. elegans larval development

Several microfluidic-based methods for C. elegans imaging have recently been introduced. Existing methods either permit imaging across multiple larval stages without maintaining a stable worm orientation, or allow for very good immobilization but are only suitable for shorter experiments. Here, we present a novel microfluidic imaging method, which allows parallel live-imaging across multiple larval stages, while maintaining worm orientation and identity over time. This is achieved through an array of microfluidic trap channels carefully tuned to maintain worms in a stable orientation, while allowing growth and molting to occur. Immobilization is supported by an active hydraulic valve, which presses worms onto the cover glass during image acquisition only. In this way, excellent quality images can be acquired with minimal impact on worm viability or developmental timing. The capabilities of the devices are demonstrated by observing the hypodermal seam and P cell divisions and, for the first time, the entire process of vulval development from induction to the end of morphogenesis. Moreover, we demonstrate feasibility of on-chip RNAi by perturbing basement membrane breaching during anchor cell invasion.

RECONSTRUCTION OF TECTONIC STRESSES ON THE SCHMIDT PENINSULA (SAKHALIN)

The article presents data on the stress state of the Schmidt Peninsula of Sakhalin Island, obtained as a result of field tectonophysical studies in 2020. The importance of studying the northern part of Sakhalin is due to the prospects of this region for the minerals search. The performed studies allowed us to establish differences in the geodynamic condition between the western and eastern coasts of the peninsula. In general, the conditions of horizontal shear (shear type of deformation) prevail among the types of stress state in the studied territory. On the east coast, there are many situations of horizontal extension, which are usually confined to the axial parts of anticlinal structures. The west coast is characterized by the stable orientation of the axis of maximum compression in the NW direction and its subhorizontal position. For the east coast, the direction of the reconstructed orientations of maximum compression is characterized by greater variability. According to the data of the reconstruction, the stress-and-strain state pattern of the Schmidt Peninsula has significant differences from the main territory of Sakhalin Island.

FORMATION OF STUDENTS’ PROFESSIONAL QUALITIES IN TEACHING A FOREIGN LANGUAGE

This article deals with the training of future specialists in higher education institutions in accordance with the development of society and the requirements for the individual, the student. As it is known, due to the increased requirements for the level of training of future specialists in higher education institutions, the social demand for future specialists is quite high, both for themselves and for the individual. In addition, the formation of motivation for professional training of students in higher educational institutions was considered from the point of view of a stable orientation and motivation system. In the process of professional training, personal development is carried out. The formation of a professional personality begins from the moment of choosing a profession and continues throughout life. Many competitions have shown that the formation of professional training of students in teaching English in higher education institutions is not profitable without motives, needs and interests. Therefore, motives, needs and interests are considered as structural components of motivation.

FORMATION OF STUDENTS’ PROFESSIONAL QUALITIES IN TEACHING A FOREIGN LANGUAGE

This article deals with the training of future specialists in higher education institutions in accordance with the development of society and the requirements for the individual, the student. As it is known, due to the increased requirements for the level of training of future specialists in higher education institutions, the social demand for future specialists is quite high, both for themselves and for the individual. In addition, the formation of motivation for professional training of students in higher educational institutions was considered from the point of view of a stable orientation and motivation system. In the process of professional training, personal development is carried out. The formation of a professional personality begins from the moment of choosing a profession and continues throughout life. Many competitions have shown that the formation of professional training of students in teaching English in higher education institutions is not profitable without motives, needs and interests. Therefore, motives, needs and interests are considered as structural components of motivation.

Control of long-distance motion of single molecules on a surface

Spatial control over molecular movement is typically limited because motion at the atomic scale follows stochastic processes. We used scanning tunneling microscopy to bring single molecules into a stable orientation of high translational mobility where they moved along precisely defined tracks. Single dibromoterfluorene molecules moved over large distances of 150 nanometers with extremely high spatial precision of 0.1 angstrom across a silver (111) surface. The electrostatic nature of the effect enabled the selective application of repulsive and attractive forces to send or receive single molecules. The high control allows us to precisely move an individual and specific molecular entity between two separate probes, opening avenues for velocity measurements and thus energy dissipation studies of single molecules in real time during diffusion and collision.

Use of Moon Observations for Characterization of Sentinel-3B Ocean and Land Color Instrument

During the commissioning of the Sentinel-3B satellite, a single lunar observation was performed to assess the possible use of the moon for characterization and validation of onboard instruments. The observation was carried out in stable orientation after a roll maneuver, allowing the moon to be imaged by the Earth view of instruments. Data acquired by the Ocean Land Color Instrument (OLCI) allowed inflight verification of stray-light correction (SLC) performed by the Mission Performance Centre (MPC), and assessment of radiometric behavior of instrument in comparison with lunar irradiance models performed in cooperation between European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC) and European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT). This paper describes the results of those activities along with the proposed update of stray-light correction developed with the use of lunar data.

Bilingualism as a Social Factor of Youth Migration

Analysis of the situation with bilingualism among the youth of a megapolis and a middle-sized city in the Republic of Tatarstan is performed. The indigenization processes in power and management institutions, educational and cultural institutions and the impact of this process on the formation of migration motivation in the middle-sized cities of Tatarstan are considered. The ambiguous role of bilingual simulacra in the process of choosing by young people a place of residence is shown. The contradiction between real professional career opportunities and the choice of a job in a megapolis in the case of command of the two main languages in the Republic of Tatarstan and the unstable simulation capabilities of myths in solving the problems of bilingualism in the megapolis are revealed. The prevalence of migratory attitudes among high school seniors in middle-sized towns, and the presence of a stable orientation among some young people to live in their hometowns, as well as the existence of the opposite vector, which forces individual boys and girls to return to their small motherland due to disappointment in the simulacra of megapolises, including bilingual simulacra in cultural and domestic sphere, collapsing under the influence of globalization. On the basis of mass surveys of youth in the Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan and medium-sized cities, the important role of the psychophysiological characteristics of youth and their great susceptibility to bilingual simulacra in the process of forming migration attitudes are revealed.

The role of shape-dependent flight stability in the origin of oriented meteorites

The atmospheric ablation of meteoroids is a striking example of the reshaping of a solid object due to its motion through a fluid. Motivated by meteorite samples collected on Earth that suggest fixed orientation during flight—most notably the conical shape of so-called oriented meteorites—we hypothesize that such forms result from an aerodynamic stabilization of posture that may be achieved only by specific shapes. Here, we investigate this issue of flight stability in the parallel context of fluid mechanical erosion of clay bodies in flowing water, which yields shapes resembling oriented meteorites. We conduct laboratory experiments on conical objects freely moving through water and fixed within imposed flows to determine the dependence of orientational stability on shape. During free motion, slender cones undergo postural instabilities, such as inversion and tumbling, and broad or dull forms exhibit oscillatory modes, such as rocking and fluttering. Only intermediate shapes, including the stereotypical form carved by erosion, achieve stable orientation and straight flight with apex leading. We corroborate these findings with systematic measurements of torque and stability potentials across cones of varying apex angle, which furnish a complete map of equilibrium postures and their stability. By showing that the particular conical form carved in unidirectional flows is also posturally stable as a free body in flight, these results suggest a self-consistent picture for the origin of oriented meteorites.