Supplemental Material: New multicellular marine macroalgae from the early Tonian of northwestern Canada

Detailed description of methods, geological setting, Proterozoic life, and additional figures for each morphologic characteristic.<br>

Supplemental Material: New multicellular marine macroalgae from the early Tonian of northwestern Canada

Detailed description of methods, geological setting, Proterozoic life, and additional figures for each morphologic characteristic.<br>

Skin involvement in Burkitt lymphoma: rare clinical case

Birkitt lymphoma (BL) is one of the most studied and curable type of lymphoma in children. But inspite of lymphomagenesis deep understanding on immunologic, molecular and genetic levels, diagnosis of some rare clinical presentations of disease become challenging task for well-qualified clinicians. In the current issue we present rare case of skin involvement in pediatric 4 year old patient with disseminated BL. It is presented clinical and morphologic characteristic of specific skin presentation. Used multiagent chemotherapy with rituximab deliver the result of complete response. Skin site regression was found on 2d day of treatment. Parents give their agreement to use personal data, including fotos, in research and publications.

Determining flow directions in river channel networks using planform morphology and topology

The abundance of global, remotely sensed surface water observations has accelerated efforts toward characterizing and modeling how water moves across the Earth's surface through complex channel networks. In particular, deltas and braided river channel networks may contain thousands of links that route water, sediment, and nutrients across landscapes. In order to model flows through channel networks and characterize network structure, the direction of flow for each link within the network must be known. In this work, we propose a rapid, automatic, and objective method to identify flow directions for all links of a channel network using only remotely sensed imagery and knowledge of the network's inlet and outlet locations. We designed a suite of direction-predicting algorithms (DPAs), each of which exploits a particular morphologic characteristic of the channel network to provide a prediction of a link's flow direction. DPAs were chained together to create “recipes”, or algorithms that set all the flow directions of a channel network. Separate recipes were built for deltas and braided rivers and applied to seven delta and two braided river channel networks. Across all nine channel networks, the recipe-predicted flow directions agreed with expert judgement for 97 % of all tested links, and most disagreements were attributed to unusual channel network topologies that can easily be accounted for by pre-seeding critical links with known flow directions. Our results highlight the (non)universality of process–form relationships across deltas and braided rivers.

Determining flow directions in river channel networks using planform morphology and topology

The abundance of global, remotely-sensed surface water observations has paved the way toward characterizing and modeling how water moves across the Earth's surface through complex channel networks. In particular, deltas and braided river channel networks may contain thousands of links that route water, sediment, and nutrients across landscapes. In order to model flows through channel networks and characterize network structure, the direction of flow for each link within the network must be known. In this work, we propose a rapid, automatic, and objective method to identify flow directions for all links of a channel network using only remotely-sensed imagery and knowledge of the network's inlet and outlet locations. We designed a suite of direction-predicting algorithms (DPAs), each of which exploits a particular morphologic characteristic of the channel network to provide a prediction of a link's flow direction. DPAs were chained together to create “recipes”, or algorithms that set all the flow directions of a channel network. Separate recipes were built for deltas and braided rivers and applied to seven delta and two braided river channel networks. Across all nine channel networks, the recipes' predicted flow directions agreed with expert judgement for 97 % of all tested links, and most disagreements were attributed to unusual channel network topologies that can easily be accounted for by pre-seeding critical links with known flow directions.

CLINICAL-ULTRASOUND AND MORPHOLOGIC CHARACTERISTIC OF SEVERE CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA IN NEWBORNS WITH INTRAUTERINE MONO- AND MIXED-RESPIRATORY VIRUS INFECTION

The contents of the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in the serum of the umbilical blood as well as ultrasound and morphologic composition of liquor ways of the brain at severe cerebral ischemia was studied in 103 full-term newborns. The first group included 30 newborns from mothers with a physiologic course of pregnancy (subgroup A) and 20 dead newborns with antenatal anamnesis with uncomplicated virus infection, severe somatic pathology and late gestosis in their mothers during gestation (subgroup B); the second one included 28 newborns with severe cerebral ischemia against intrauterine parainfluenza infection (parainfuenza of 1 and 3 type), and 18 of them died at 3-6th day. The third group consisted of 25 newborns with severe cerebral ischemia against antenatal mixed-respiratory virus infection (parainfluenza of 1 and 3 types and influenza A(H3N2), and 16 of them died at the 2-4 days). It was found out that in the patients of the third group the contents of TNF-α increased till 62.7±2.14 pg/L (in the first and second groups it was 17.6±1.53 pg/L, p1<0.001 and 34.6±2.04 pg/L, respectively, p1<0.001). High values of pro-inflammatory cytokine were caused by the development of system inflammation reaction as a result of direct and mediated influence of some respiratory viruses. In the third group periventricular ischemia was found statistically oftener in 88% of newborns and brain immaturity in 48% of children (in the second group it was 32.1 and 10.7% of newborns, respectively); under pathomorphological study there were revealed big haematomas, subarachnoid haemorrhages, full-blown hyperemia and haematomas in the vascular plexus, karyorhexis, severe perivascular and pericellular edema, vasculitis as well as big focuses of atelectasis, aspirating pneumopathy and pneumonia. This suggested an important role of antenatal mixed-respiratory virus infection and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the improvement of penetrance of blood vessels wall under severe cerebral ischemia in newborns.

Fully Automated Lipid Pool Detection Using Near Infrared Spectroscopy

Background. Detecting and identifying vulnerable plaque, which is prone to rupture, is still a challenge for cardiologist. Such lipid core-containing plaque is still not identifiable by everyday angiography, thus triggering the need to develop a new tool where NIRS-IVUS can visualize plaque characterization in terms of its chemical and morphologic characteristic. The new tool can lead to the development of new methods of interpreting the newly obtained data. In this study, the algorithm to fully automated lipid pool detection on NIRS images is proposed. Method. Designed algorithm is divided into four stages: preprocessing (image enhancement), segmentation of artifacts, detection of lipid areas, and calculation of Lipid Core Burden Index. Results. A total of 31 NIRS chemograms were analyzed by two methods. The metrics, total LCBI, maximal LCBI in 4 mm blocks, and maximal LCBI in 2 mm blocks, were calculated to compare presented algorithm with commercial available system. Both intraclass correlation (ICC) and Bland-Altman plots showed good agreement and correlation between used methods. Conclusions. Proposed algorithm is fully automated lipid pool detection on near infrared spectroscopy images. It is a tool developed for offline data analysis, which could be easily augmented for newer functions and projects.