Chronicle

Department of Caucasian Mines. Vod turned to the Medical Section of the Kazan Union

Prontuario para una abadesa: El Escur. Φ III 11 e Irene Cumno (con una propuesta de la escritura inédita de Mateo Blastares)

In this paper I firstly examine the contents of Escur. Φ III 11, which includes a medical section, an anthology of texts both sacred and profane, and the epistolar exchange between Gregorius Acindynus and Eirene Choumnos. Secondly I go through Eirene’s intellectual background and the books transcribed under her patronage. Thirdly I explain the role played by this Escurialensis in Eirene’s library and in the anti-Palamite circles. Fourthly, basing on different kinds of arguments, I attribute the copying of ff. 83r-156v to Matthew Blastares.

To the 100th anniversary of the Russian medical dictionary M. Galin

Martyr Halyn is a military surgeon, from 1888 is a doctor of medicine in the Emperor’s university of Saint Volodymyr (now the Kyiv National University named after T.Shevchenko), from 1901 is a knight of the order of Saint Stanislav and other battle rewards of the Rossian empire. In 1903 appointed by the performer of duties of the Main doctor of the Kyiv combat hospital. Halyn, together with М.Hrushevskyj et al, participated in founding of 1907 of Ukrainian Scientific Society in Kyiv, from 1908 chairman of its naturally-medical section, and from 1911 – chairman of medical section, chairman of terminological commission on medicine. In 1917-1921 Halyn participated in organization of sanitary corps of UNR Army, cornet general, at hetmanate in 1918 managed the Terminological commission of Ministry of People’s Health and Guardianship, compiler of the first Ukrainian medical dictionaries. In 1920 at soviet power went out separate edition him the «Rosijsko-ukrajinskyj medychnyj slovnyk». To editing of dictionary of Halyn the known Ukrainian figures were attracted, that gave to its high scientific level, as professional so language, and confession of all Ukraine. One hundred years ago the Ukrainian linguists were oriented in term formation to national character of term system: all scientists agreed, that it is necessary to involve internal language resources, terminate new concepts with the use of both existent facilities and by scientific creation from own sources. Terminological principles of М. Halyn there were base on most lexicographic medical labours of 1920 years, among that there is the «Shkilnyj medychnyj slovnyk (za Halynym)» of B. Aleksandrovskyj (Poltava, 1924); «Nomenklatura khorob (latynsko-ukrajinski nazvy khorob ta rosijskyj pokazhchyk do nykh)» of O. Korchak-Chepurkivskyj (Kyiv, 1927) and most ukrainian medical dictionary of time of the shot up renaissance, final edition that time – «Medychnyj rosijsko-ukrajinskyj slovnyk» of Dr. V.Kysiljov (Odesa, 1928), that was accepted to printing of the medical section of the natural department of the Institute of scientific ukrainian language of the Allukrainian academy of sciences. Most given out then medical dictionaries often are not even in the large libraries of Ukraine. They were destroyed or hidden in the special storehouses, and about their existence presently it knows only to the very narrow circle. Only the Ukrainian diaspore did not forget Martyr Halyn. In 1969 Ukrainian Medical Association of North America reprinted in Detroit the Prague «Medychnyj latynsko-ukrajinskyj slovnyk» of М. Halyn in 1926. On occasion of 100 years of edition of him the «Rosijsko-ukrajinskyj medychnyj slovnyk» we must honour Martyr Halyn and to rehabilitate his approach in relation to creation of the ukrainian medical terms, his vision of «ukrainian medical terminology of the future» that was reflected in his dictionaries. М. Halyn had pride enough of place in the Rossian empire, but he chose the Ukrainian state. He was far unindifferent to the fate of his nation and native word, whatever will say about majority of modern ruler of Ukraine.

Dénes Szabó (1856-1918), the Clinic-founder Professor of Gynecology, A Centennial Commemoration

Dénes Szabó (1856–1918) was the second professor of obstetrics and gynecology of the Franz Joseph University from Kolozsvár (Cluj). This is a centennial commemoration. Szabó was born in the family of a great geologist professor at Pest. He studied at the University from Budapest and Strasbourg. He took his doctor’s degree is 1879. He spent a year with medical studies in foreign countries. In 1881 he became assistant to Professor Tivadar Kézmárszky, head of the Gynecological Clinic No. I. from Budapest. He was qualified as private lecturer in gynecology in 1888. In this period he published a lot of studies and review articles in the weekly medical papers Orvosi Hetilap and Gyógyászat. The Kolozsvár professor of obstetrics János Maizner in 1892 got retired. As a result of a competition Szabó was appointed professor of both obstetrics and gynecology. Until 1899 he worked in very poor conditions in a suburb building. Then the new 2 floor hospital from Mikó Street was built, where there were separate sections for obstetrics and gynecology. There he could also train midwives during 5 month courses. He became member of the Medical section of Transylvanian Museum Society, from 1894 up to 1912 he was the editor of its review journal (Értesítő...). Most of his studies were published there. The Medical Faculty elected him three times dean, in 1905/6 he was the rector of the university. He published around 65 studies. Some of them discuss deontological problems or deal with medical history. He was one of the editors of two memorial volumes, one dedicated to Professor Purjesz (1906), the other to Professor Lechner (1915). He compiled the first history of the Medical Faculty in 1896. He was also one of the editors of the monographic album of the Kolozsvár University from 1903. Five of its chapters were written by him. He was awarded with the title of Court Counselor. During WWI he did much for the medical care of wounded soldiers, so he got military awards, too. A number of medical and civil associations elected him president. He died because of gastric cancer at a Budapest hospital. According to his final wish he was buried in the Házsongárd Cemetery

Corelations Between the Use of Medical Substances and the Incidence Infections Produced by Clostridium Difficile Species

Antibiotherapy is the main determinant of Clostridium difficile infection due to the imbalance determined in the intestinal flora. Clostridium difficile infection can be considered a current public health problem, given the increased incidence, both as a nosocomial infection as well as at community level, by excessive, uncontrolled and unjustified use of antibiotics, high contagiousness, negative influence on health systems in the increased number of days of hospitalization and implicitly increased costs, and last but not least, the substantial deterioration of the quality of the patient�s life. The retrospective study over a 12-month period over a group of 106 patients revealed the following profile of the patient affected by Clostridium difficile infection: females, aged 66.75 � 15.66, from the urban area, hospitalized in the medical section, who had diarrhea more than 2 days after admission, but up to 28 days after this event, due to prolonged antibiotic therapy with ceftriaxone, associated with a gastric secretion inhibitor, on a background of multiple associated pathologies. It is very important for all health systems to control this phenomenon and this is only possible by applying effective measures to prevent the onset of CDI, of relapses and contamination, thus identifying the judicious use of antibiotics.

HEPATITIS B VACCINATION STATUS OF MBBS AND BDS STUDENTS IN MULTAN MEDICAL AND DENTAL COLLEGE, MULTAN

Background: Hepatitis B is included in top ten diseases of the world which has serious threats to life1. Hepatitis B is a serious threat to healthcare workers because healthcare workers have direct contact with patients who have hepatitis B. Methods: This questionnaire-based descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted at the Multan Medical and Dental College, Multan. In Dental department two hundred and ten students responded. In medical section 467 students responded. Results: Two hundred and ninety nine were males and three hundred and seventy eight were female students. A total of four hundred and thirty students got vaccinated and two hundred and forty seven failed to get vaccination. Most of the students failed to get vaccination due to busy schedule. Conclusion: Medical and dental institutes should take responsibility to educate their health care workers regarding precautions and vaccination against hepatitis B virus. Students must be educated about the threats regarding hepatitis B virus.

Inicjatywy opiekuńcze i oświatowo-wychowawcze łódzkiej społeczności żydowskiej w latach I wojny światowej – Przytulisko dla Dzieci Wyznania Mojżeszowego

In 1914–1918, the Łódź Jewish community organized activities for children and teenagers in more than ten social and charitable organizations and institutions. Some of them were established even before 1914, some were opened during WWI. The Shelter for Jewish Children was among the centres operating during the difficult war times and dating back to the time before the Great War. The Shelter was established on the initiative of Sara Poznańska, wife of Maurycy Poznański, a prominent Jewish industrialist and social activist in Łódź. Members of the Board of the new institution included rich, middle class Jewish women, factory owners and merchants. In 1917, they were joined by S. Poznańska as President, Maria Hertzowa as Vice-President, Stefania Hirszbergowa as Treasurer and Paweł Becker as Secretary of the Board. Several sections were identified in the Shelter with different functions in mind: the Pedagogical, Medical, Food, Maintenance, and Clothes Sections. The task of the Pedagogical section was care for the intellectual and physical development of the children. Efforts were made to propagate Polish issues in education (the children were taught history and the Polish language). The Medical Section focused on hygiene and the children’s health. The Food Section prepared hot meals, i.e. dinners and breakfasts. The Maintenance Section’s responsibility was to develop a sense of cleanliness and order in the children. The Clothes Section put an emphasis on maintaining the children’s clothes in order, mainly by mending them. During WWI, the Shelter took care of over 200 pre-school and school children (aged 4–12).

Science and Terminology in-between Empires: Ukrainian Science in a Search for its Language in the nineteenth century

Ukrainian science and its terminology in the nineteenth century experienced a number of twists and turns. Divided between two empires, it lacked institutions, scholars pursuing it, and a unified literary language. One could even say that until the late nineteenth century there was a possibility for two communities with two literary languages to emerge – Ruthenian (Habsburg Empire) and Ukrainian (Russian Empire). Eventually, both communities and languages merged. This article tracks the meanderings of this process, arguing that scholarly publications played a crucial role in shaping the standard for the scientific language. The article follows the biography of the naturalist Ivan Verhrats’kyi (1846–1919), the author of the first dictionaries of naturalist terminology in Ruthenian in 1860, a translator and author of textbooks, and the head of the Mathematical–Naturalist–Medical Section of the Shevchenko Society in L’viv. He thus shaped many Ruthenian, and then Ruthenian–Ukrainian scholarly projects. Initially successful with his approach to making the Ruthenian scientific language vernacular, in the 1890s his approach was losing ground to the internationalization of vocabulary and to the growing pressure toward the unification of Ruthenian and Ukrainian. Finally, in the beginning of the twentieth century, Verhrats’kyi became marginalized within the Ukrainian scholarly community. By discussing the history of a minority language within imperial structures, I argue that the media in which scholarly work was published requires special attention. In the Ruthenin–Ukrainian case, they determined the standard for scientific language. Lacking professional journals, Ruthenian scholars published in the 1860s–late 1880s in popular newspapers and in school textbooks, requiring them to use a language that was near to the spoken tongue of the Habsburg province. Once the political situation changed, favoring Ruthenian–Ukrainian unification, and scholarly journals appeared and transgressed the imperial boundary, the favored language had to be transimperial, ousting out the vernacular.