Human osteoblast and fibroblast response to oral implant biomaterials functionalized with non-thermal oxygen plasma

Plasma-treatment of oral implant biomaterials prior to clinical insertion is envisaged as a potential surface modification method for enhanced implant healing. To investigate a putative effect of plasma-functionalized implant biomaterials on oral tissue cells, this investigation examined the response of alveolar bone osteoblasts and gingival fibroblasts to clinically established zirconia- and titanium-based implant surfaces for bone and soft tissue integration. The biomaterials were either functionalized with oxygen-plasma in a plasma-cleaner or left untreated as controls, and were characterized in terms of topography and wettability. For the biological evaluation, the cell adhesion, morphogenesis, metabolic activity and proliferation were examined, since these parameters are closely interconnected during cell-biomaterial interaction. The results revealed that plasma-functionalization increased implant surface wettability. The magnitude of this effect thereby depended on surface topography parameters and initial wettability of the biomaterials. Concerning the cell response, plasma-functionalization of smooth surfaces affected initial fibroblast morphogenesis, whereas osteoblast morphology on rough surfaces was mainly influenced by topography. The plasma- and topography-induced differential cell morphologies were however not strong enough to trigger a change in proliferation behaviour. Hence, the results indicate that oxygen plasma-functionalization represents a possible cytocompatible implant surface modification method which can be applied for tailoring implant surface wettability.

Anesthetic Effect of Compound Artevacaine Hydrochloride in Patients Undergoing Oral Implantation

Objective: To investigate and analyze the anesthetic effect of compound artevacaine hydrochloride in patients undergoing oral implantation. Methods: In this study, 60 patients receiving oral implant surgery in our hospital were selected as the research subjects, and the operation time was from July 2019 to March 2021. Patients were randomly selected and divided into groups for the study. 30 patients receiving lidocaine hydrochloride anesthesia were used as the control group, and 30 patients receiving compound artevacaine hydrochloride anesthesia were used as the research group. The anesthetic effect and safety of the two groups were compared and analyzed. Results: The anesthetic effect of the study group was significantly better than that of the control group (P < 0.05). The blood pressure and heart rate in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in blood pressure and heart rate between the two groups before anesthesia (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of ADR between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusions: For patients undergoing oral implant surgery, choosing compound artevacaine hydrochloride as anesthetic drug has obvious anesthetic effect and can stabilize patients' life indexes. The anesthetic effect is obvious, and there is no obvious adverse reaction, and the clinical value is obvious.

Comparison effect of two prophylactic protocols on prevention, complications biological and bone resorption

Objective: Compare effect of two prophylactic protocols on prevention of biology complications and on bone resorption, before and three-month post-surgery of oral implants. Method: Clinical, observational, longitudinal study. Approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee. The sample 29 patients signed the informed consent to participate in this study were distributed into two groups: Group 1: with oral mucosa smears culture and antibiogram to select effective prophylaxis antimicrobial and therapy. Urinary levels deoxypyridinoline (DPD). Bone height measured before and three months after oral implant surgery. Group 2: Amoxicillin prophylaxis, bone heights before and three months after oral implant surgery. The two groups underwent clinical examination 8 and 30 days after surgery to assess early complications. Results: The average age for both sexes in both groups; (women 53.53 year; men 54.58 year). Group 1: 17 patients: 6 male patients (35.3%) and 11 female patients (65.7%). Bacterium identified: Streptococcus anginosus (8 patients), Porphyromonas gingivalis (5 patients) and Prevotella intermedia (4 patients). Antibiotics prescribed according to degree of sensitivity: Amoxicillin, Clindamycin, and Cephalexin and Cephadroxyl 30 minutes before surgery. Urinary DPD Female 8.82 nM DPD/mM, and male 5.53 nM DPD/mM .The prevalence of infection related complications during 30 days after surgery was 0%.Group 2:6 male patients and 6 female patients Prophylaxis Amoxicillin (2 g) 30 minutes before surgery. Bone height reabsorption during the three months of observation was 1.693 mm (p >0.05). The prevalence of infection related complications during 30 days after surgery was 50%. The difference between groups for frequency of complications was significant (p = 0.0003). Bone height difference between groups was not significant. Conclusion: The use of antibiotic prophylactic protocol based on the oral mucosa smears and antibiogram to select effective antimicrobial, prevents the presence of early biology complications and reduces bone resorption.

Review on Development and Dental Applications of Polyetheretherketone-Based Biomaterials and Restorations

Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is an important high-performance thermoplastic. Its excellent strength, stiffness, toughness, fatigue resistance, biocompatibility, chemical stability and radiolucency have made PEEK attractive in dental and orthopedic applications. However, PEEK has an inherently hydrophobic and chemically inert surface, which has restricted its widespread use in clinical applications, especially in bonding with dental resin composites. Cutting edge research on novel methods to improve PEEK applications in dentistry, including oral implant, prosthodontics and orthodontics, is reviewed in this article. In addition, this article also discusses innovative surface modifications of PEEK, which are a focus area of active investigations. Furthermore, this article also discusses the necessary future studies and clinical trials for the use of PEEK in the human oral environment to investigate its feasibility and long-term performance.