An Ensembled Spatial Enhancement Method for Image Enhancement in Healthcare

Most medical images are low in contrast because adequate details that may prove vital decisions are not visible to the naked eye. Also, due to the low-contrast nature of the image, it is not easily segmented because there is no significant change between the pixel values, which makes the gradient very small Hence, the contour cannot converge on the edges of the object. In this work, we have proposed an ensembled spatial method for image enhancement. In this ensembled approach, we first employed the Laplacian filter, which highlights the areas of fast intensity variation. This filter can determine the sufficient details of an image. The Laplacian filter will also improve those features having shrill disjointedness. Then, the gradient of the image has been determined, which utilizes the surrounding pixels for the weighted convolution operation for noise diminishing. However, in the gradient filter, there is one negative integer in the weighting. The intensity value of the middle pixel might be deducted from the surrounding pixels, to enlarge the difference between the head-to-head pixels for calculating the gradients. This is one of the reasons due to which the gradient filter is not entirely optimistic, which may be calculated in eight directions. Therefore, the averaging filter has been utilized, which is an effective filter for image enhancement. This approach does not rely on the values that are completely diverse from distinctive values in the surrounding due to which it recollects the details of the image. The proposed approach significantly showed the best performance on various images collected in dynamic environments.

The interference immunity of decameter circuit with spatial interference compensation

В статье представлена оценка помехоустойчивости декаметрового канала связи, использующего пространственный метод компенсации естественных помех. Метод компенсации базируется на результаты экспериментальных исследований пространственно-корреляционных свойств сигналов и естественных помех декаметрового диапазона. Для реализации метода используется цифровая антенная решетка с пространственно-корреляционным методом обработки сигналов. Также в канале использована гауссовая амплитудная модуляция, формирующая шумоподобный сигнал с расширенной базой. Оценка помехоустойчивости построена на модели ионосферного канала с релеевскими замираниями с учетом пространственно-корреляционных свойств сигналов и естественных помех. Анализ проведенных исследований показал возможность компенсации помех за счет роста антенных элементов в антенной решетке, которая, как следствие, позволит повысить помехоустойчивость ионосферного декаметрового канала связи при низких отношениях уровней сигнал/шум на входе приемного тракта. Возможность обеспечения высокой помехоустойчивости в ионосферных декаметровых каналах позволит использовать новые виды связи для обмена данными в судами и кораблями ВМФ в пределах акваторий Мирового океана. The interference immunity assessment of the decameter circuit using a spatial method of natural interference compensation is presented. The compensation method is based on experimental studies results of spatial and correlation properties of decameter range signals and natural interference. For the method realization the digital array with a spatially-correlation signals processing method is used. Also in the channel the Gaussian amplitude modulation forming a noise-shaped signal with extended base is used. The interference immunity assessment is based on the ionospheric channel model with the Rayleigh fadings taking into account signals and natural interference spatially-correlation properties. The simulation findings showed the interference compensation possibility due to increase in antenna array elements which, as a result, will allow to increase the interference immunity of ionospheric decameter circuit at the low levels of signal/noise ratio in the reception path entrance. The possibility of ensuring high interference immunity in ionospheric decameter circuits will allow to use new communication types for data exchange with NAVY battleships and vessels within the World Ocean water areas.

Performance-based comparison of regionalization methods to improve the at-site estimates of daily precipitation

In this article, we compare the performances of three regionalization approaches in improving the at-site estimates of daily precipitation. The first method is built on the idea of conventional RFA (Regional Frequency Analysis) but is based on a fast algorithm that defines distinct homogeneous regions relying on their upper tail similarity. It uses only the precipitation data at hand without the need for any additional covariate. The second is based on the region-of-influence (ROI) approach in which neighborhoods, containing similar sites, are defined for each station. The third is a spatial method that adopts Generalized Additive Model (GAM) forms for the model parameters. In line with our goal of modeling the whole range of positive precipitation, the chosen marginal distribution model is the Extended Generalized Pareto Distribution (EGPD) on which we apply the three methods. We consider a dense network composed of 1176 daily stations located within Switzerland and in neighboring countries. We compute different criteria to assess the models' performances both in the bulk of the distribution as well as in the upper tail. The results show that all the regional methods offered improved robustness over the local EGPD model. While the GAM method is more robust and reliable in the upper tail, the ROI method is better in the bulk of the distribution.

Application of Biophilia Concept on Greenery Layout Arrangement of Buperta Cibubur Tourism Landscape

The concept of Biophilia shows how humans have a fundamental desire to connect and depend on nature, providing healing and positive impacts on emotional change. DKI Jakarta Province population number has increased significantly from year to year so that the need for green open space increases. Buperta City Forest Area has enormous potential to facilitate the needs of the green space in the City of East Jakarta, but the development of existing natural tourism is still not optimal. The concept of Biophilia can be a solution to increase the attraction, user experience, and increase relaxation benefits for Buperta Cibubur user in sustainable way. The objectives of this research are: (1) Identifying and studying the characteristics of the site and its users, (2) Developing criteria for the utilization of the Biophilia concept in green open spaces, and (3) Developing greenery layout arrangement recommendations. Furthermore, direct observation, interview, and literature study were used comprehensively to collect the data. Data processed using Biophilia approach, through descriptive analysis and spatial method of analyzing the potential and constraints from the site. Detail reccomendation developed on zones with strongest natural potential such as “Kempa”, Recreation Area, and Pine Forest, with each different approach of using Biophilia concept according to the environment and user characteristics. The output of the research is in the form of planting plan and site plan.

Urban specters

In this piece, we take up haunting as a spatial method to consider what geography can learn from ghosts. Following Avery Gordon’s theorizations of haunting as a sociological method, a consideration of the spectral offers a means of reckoning with the shadows of social life that are not always readily apparent. Drawing upon art installations in Brooklyn, NY, White Shoes (2012–2016), and Oakland, CA, House/Full of BlackWomen (2015–present), we find that in both installations, Black women artists perform hauntings, threading geographies of race, sex, and speculation across past and present. We observe how these installations operate through spectacle, embodiment, and temporal disjuncture, illuminating how Black life and labor have been central to the construction of property and urban space in the United States. In what follows, we explore the following questions: what does haunting reveal about the relationship between property, personhood, and the urban in a time of racial banishment? And the second, how might we think of haunting as a mode of refusing displacement, banishment, and archival erasure as a way of imagining “livable” urban futures in which Black life is neither static nor obsolete?

Managing Agricultural Water Considering Water Allocation Priority Based on Remote Sensing Data

To fairly distribute limited irrigation water resources in arid regions, a water allocation priority evaluation method based on remote sensing data was proposed and integrated with an optimization model. First, the water supply response unit was divided according to canal system conditions. Then, a spatialization method was used for generating spatial agricultural output value (income from planting industry) and grain yield (yield of food crops) with the help of NDVI and the potential yield of farmland. Third, the AHP-TOPSIS method was employed to calculate the water allocation priority based on the above information. Finally, the evaluation results were integrated with a nonlinear multiobjective model to optimally allocate agricultural land and water resources, considering the combined objective of minimum envy and proportional fairness. The method was applied to Hetao irrigation area, an arid agriculture-dominant region in Northwest China. After solving the model, optimization alternatives were obtained, which indicate that: (1) the spatial method of agricultural output value can improve the accuracy by around 16% compared with the traditional method, and the spatial method of grain yield also have good accuracy (MAPE = 14.66%); (2) the rank of water allocation priority can reflect more spatial information, and provide practical decision support for the distribution of water resources; (3) the envy index can better improve the efficiency of an allocation system compared to the Gini coefficient method.

ANALISIS KESESUAIAN LAHAN KABUPATEN PEKALONGAN BERDASARKAN SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS

<div><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p class="Abstract"><em>As time goes by, a city or region will change its physical appearance. Visually, the physical appearance of the city can be seen from the growth of the center of activity and population activities that occupy a land space both vertical and horizontal developments. The realization of this is the impact of increasing population and growing population activities. Society or population as perpetrators as well as objects of development is one of the main actors influencing changes in a city or region. Of course this will have implications for the needs of land as a space for socio-economic and ecological activities.</em></p><p class="Abstract"><em>From the description above, it can be explained further, that the needs of this land if it is not considered in a balanced manner between demand and supply will have a negative impact on the land itself, including for human beings. Land needs are increasing while the amount of land is limited, so there is often a change in land use that is not in accordance with its designation.</em></p><p class="Abstract"><em>Therefore, in each land change, an analysis of the land is needed to determine the function (suitability) and character (capability) of the land so that any changes in land use can be known to be feasible and then the appropriate land use direction can be known.</em></p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><br clear="ALL" /> <em>The method used is the spatial method using the map overlay technique with geographic information system software. With this method, it is expected to provide a detailed and precise description of the function and character of the land so that the direction of the development of a city or region can be determined optimally effectively and efficiently while anticipating the emergence of land change conflicts.</em>