Older Adults Automatically Detect Age of Older Adults’ Photographs: A Visual Mismatch Negativity Study

The human face is one of the most frequently used stimuli in vMMN (visual mismatch negativity) research. Previous studies showed that vMMN is sensitive to facial emotions and gender, but investigations of age-related vMMN differences are relatively rare. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the models’ age in photographs were automatically detected, even if the photographs were not parts of the ongoing task. Furthermore, we investigated age-related differences, and the possibility of different sensitivity to photographs of participants’ own versus different ages. We recorded event-related potentials (ERPs) to faces of young and old models in younger (N = 20; 18–30 years) and older groups (N = 20; 60–75 years). The faces appeared around the location of the field of a tracking task. In sequences the young or the old faces were either frequent (standards) or infrequent (deviants). According to the results, a regular sequence of models’ age is automatically registered, and faces violating the models’ age elicited the vMMN component. However, in this study vMMN emerged only in the older group to same-age deviants. This finding is explained by the less effective inhibition of irrelevant stimuli in the elderly, and corresponds to own-age bias effect of recognition studies.

Planetary Systems and the Hidden Symmetries of the Kepler Problem

The question of whether the solar distances of the planetary system follow a regular sequence was raised by Kepler more than 400 years ago. He could not prove his expectation, inasmuch as the planetary orbits are not transformed into each other by the regular polyhedra. In 1989, Barut proposed another relation, which was inspired by the hidden symmetry of the Kepler problem. It was found to be approximately valid for our Solar System. Here, we investigate if exoplanet systems follow this rule. We find that the symmetry-governed sequence is valid in several systems. It is very unlikely that the observed regularity is by chance; therefore, our findings give support to Kepler’s guess, although with a different transformation rule.

A Signature-Based Algorithm for Computing Gröbner Bases over Principal Ideal Domains

Signature-based algorithms have become a standard approach for Gröbner basis computations for polynomial systems over fields, but how to extend these techniques to coefficients in general rings is not yet as well understood. In this paper, we present a proof-of-concept signature-based algorithm for computing Gröbner bases over commutative integral domains. It is adapted from a general version of Möller’s algorithm (J Symb Comput 6(2–3), 345–359, 1988) which considers reductions by multiple polynomials at each step. This algorithm performs reductions with non-decreasing signatures, and in particular, signature drops do not occur. When the coefficients are from a principal ideal domain (e.g. the ring of integers or the ring of univariate polynomials over a field), we prove correctness and termination of the algorithm, and we show how to use signature properties to implement classic signature-based criteria to eliminate some redundant reductions. In particular, if the input is a regular sequence, the algorithm operates without any reduction to 0. We have written a toy implementation of the algorithm in Magma. Early experimental results suggest that the algorithm might even be correct and terminate in a more general setting, for polynomials over a unique factorization domain (e.g. the ring of multivariate polynomials over a field or a PID).

Tilting Bundles on Hypertoric Varieties

Recently McBreen and Webster constructed a tilting bundle on a smooth hypertoric variety (using reduction to finite characteristic) and showed that its endomorphism ring is Koszul. In this short note we present alternative proofs for these results. We simply observe that the tilting bundle constructed by Halpern-Leistner and Sam on a generic open Geometric Invariant Theory substack of the ambient linear space restricts to a tilting bundle on the hypertoric variety. The fact that the hypertoric variety is defined by a quadratic regular sequence then also yields an easy proof of Koszulity.

Evidence for Object-Place binding in pigeons in a sequence-learning procedure

We studied object-location binding in pigeons using a sequence learning procedure. A sequence of four objects was presented, one at a time at one of four locations on a touchscreen. A single peck at the object ended the trial, and food reinforcement was delivered intermittently. In Experiment 1, a between-subjects design was used to present objects, locations, or both in a regular sequence or randomly. Response time costs on nonreinforced probe tests on which object order, location order, or both were disrupted revealed sequence learning effects. Pigeons encoded location order when it was consistent, but not object order when it alone was consistent. When both were consistent, pigeons encoded both, and also showed evidence of object-location binding. In Experiment 2, two groups of pigeons received training on sequences where the same object always appeared at the same location. For some pigeons a consistent sequence was used while for others sequence order was randomized. Only when sequence order was consistent was object-location binding found. These experiments are the first demonstrations of strong and lasting feature binding in pigeons.

Asymptotic Analysis of Regular Sequences

In this article, q-regular sequences in the sense of Allouche and Shallit are analysed asymptotically. It is shown that the summatory function of a regular sequence can asymptotically be decomposed as a finite sum of periodic fluctuations multiplied by a scaling factor. Each of these terms corresponds to an eigenvalue of the sum of matrices of a linear representation of the sequence; only the eigenvalues of absolute value larger than the joint spectral radius of the matrices contribute terms which grow faster than the error term. The paper has a particular focus on the Fourier coefficients of the periodic fluctuations: they are expressed as residues of the corresponding Dirichlet generating function. This makes it possible to compute them in an efficient way. The asymptotic analysis deals with Mellin–Perron summations and uses two arguments to overcome convergence issues, namely Hölder regularity of the fluctuations together with a pseudo-Tauberian argument. Apart from the very general result, three examples are discussed in more detail:sequences defined as the sum of outputs written by a transducer when reading a q-ary expansion of the input;the amount of esthetic numbers in the first N natural numbers; andthe number of odd entries in the rows of Pascal’s rhombus. For these examples, very precise asymptotic formulæ are presented. In the latter two examples, prior to this analysis only rough estimates were known.

Dampak Gudget Terhadap Perkembangan Bahasa Anak Usia Dini

ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) adalah payung besar terminologi yang mencakup seluruh peralatan teknis untuk memproses dan menyampaikan informasi. Gudget adalah salah satu dari ICT yang sangat berperan penting terhadap perkembangan anak usia dini. Sesuai dengan tujuan utama pendidikan anak usia dini adalah untuk mengembangkan seluruh aspek perkembangan anak usia dini dengan memberikan stimulus-stimulus berupa kegiatan bermain yang menyenangkan dan mampu mengintegrasikan kemampuan anak usia dini secara optimal. Perkembangan Bahasa pada anak usia dini merupakan hal yang paling berfungsi dan berperan dalam kehidupan anak. Namun dengan adanya penggunaan gudged memiliki pengaruh terhadap keterampilan berbahasa anak yang mencakup dalam memperoleh keterampilan berbahasa, biasanya melalui suatu hubungan urutan yang teratur: pembiasaan pada masa kecil, belajar menyimak/mendengarkan bahasa, kemudian berbicara, membaca, dan menulis. Namun dengan menggunakan gudget berdampak terhadap keterlambatan dalam berbicara anak hal ini disebabkan karena gudget menghambat komunikasi langsung terhadap lingkungan sekitar.Kata Kunci: Gudget, Perkembangan bahasa, dan Anak Usia DiniABSTRACTInformation and Communication Technologies (ICT) is a large of terminology that covers all technical equipment to process and convey information. Gudgets are one of the most important ICTs for early childhood development. In accordance with the main purpose of early childhood education is to develop all aspects of early childhood development by providing stimuli in the form of play activities that are able to integrate early childhood abilities optimally. Language development in early childhood is the most function and role in life. However, with the use of gudged has a major influence on children's language skills that include language. In acquiring language skills we usually go through a regular sequence relationship: first, in childhood, we learn to listen / listen to language, then speak, read, and write.Keywords: Gudget, Language Development, and Early Childhood