Floating Development: An Alternative to Land Reclamation for Waterfront Development: A Case Study for Design and Construction of VLFS in Wellington

<p><b>In countries Japan, Netherlands, and Singapore they experience increasing land scarcity due to concentration of population or flooding issue. The growing concerns over environmental degration and political conflicts due to land reclamation means land-filled is no longer an acceptable way. Thus these countries put greater emphasis on investigating and application of other alternatives, such as floating structure, to allow for urban expansion. In particular, Very Large Floating Structure (VLFS) is becoming increasing popular and promising.</b></p> <p>This thesis presents a range of water-based development that include urban and architectural scale, historical and recent, and focuses on analysing the urban aspects. Projects of Japan, Netherlands and Singapore are researched at lesser detail for understanding technical, economy and political considerations in a floating development. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the possibilities of having floating structure as a way to expand the city. The case study used is of VLFS on the Lambton Harbour of Wellington city, New Zealand, to demonstrate the feasibility.</p>

Floating Development: An Alternative to Land Reclamation for Waterfront Development: A Case Study for Design and Construction of VLFS in Wellington

<p><b>In countries Japan, Netherlands, and Singapore they experience increasing land scarcity due to concentration of population or flooding issue. The growing concerns over environmental degration and political conflicts due to land reclamation means land-filled is no longer an acceptable way. Thus these countries put greater emphasis on investigating and application of other alternatives, such as floating structure, to allow for urban expansion. In particular, Very Large Floating Structure (VLFS) is becoming increasing popular and promising.</b></p> <p>This thesis presents a range of water-based development that include urban and architectural scale, historical and recent, and focuses on analysing the urban aspects. Projects of Japan, Netherlands and Singapore are researched at lesser detail for understanding technical, economy and political considerations in a floating development. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the possibilities of having floating structure as a way to expand the city. The case study used is of VLFS on the Lambton Harbour of Wellington city, New Zealand, to demonstrate the feasibility.</p>

Retour d’emigration, Enjeux Fonciers et Defi de Developpement a Zoukougbeu et Gregbeu (Centre-Ouest, Côte d’Evoire)

La crise politico-militaire de 2010 en Côte d’Ivoire a affecté les flux migratoires dans certaines régions du pays. On a assisté au retour massif de certaines populations dans leurs régions d’origine. Cette étude explore la question de la réinsertion des émigrants dans le jeu foncier de leur zone de départ, et met en exergue les enjeux sociaux liés à leur réintégration. L’étude vise à appréhender les stratégies développées par les populations résidentes et les émigrants dans la quête de ces derniers à intégrer l’arène foncière de leurs familles d’origine. La collecte des données a mobilisé la recherche documentaire, l’enquête par questionnaire, l’entretien et l’observation dans les sous-préfectures de Zoukougbeu et Gregbeu. L’étude relève que le retour définitif ou partiel des émigrants traduit un jeu de repositionnement, tant chez eux que chez les résidents. Le paradoxe de l’autochtone frustré par la raréfaction foncière mais qui constitue un acteur impulsant la dynamique sociale, politique et économique est expressif. En somme, cette étude invite à une politique de modernisation de l’agriculture afin que l’espoir des émigrants internes et externes (diaspora) débouche sur un retour partiel ou définitif réussi, avec des investissements productifs. The politico-military crisis of 2010 in Ivory Coast has affected migratory flows in some regions of the country. We have seen the massive return of some populations to their regions of origin. This study explores the question of the reintegration of emigrants into the land game of their area of departure, and highlights the social issues linked to their reintegration. The study aims to understand the strategies developed by resident populations and emigrants in the latter's quest to integrate the land arena of their families of origin. Data collection involved documentary research, questionnaire survey, interview and observation in the sub-prefectures of Zoukougbeu and Gregbeu. The study notes that the final or partial return of emigrants reflects a repositioning game, both for them and for residents. The paradox of the native frustrated by land scarcity but who is an actor driving social, political and economic dynamics is expressive. In short, this study calls for a policy of modernizing agriculture so that the hope of internal and external emigrants (diaspora) leads to a successful partial or final return, with productive investments.

A State Village from the Reform of P.D. Kiselev to the Reform of 1866 (on the Example of Vladimir Province)

The article, based on the material of Vladimir province and other provinces of the Central Industrial Region, explains the change in the position of state peasants after the reform of P.D. Kiselev, who, using their case, wanted to provide landowners with a role model and useful guidance. The article refers to various aspects of the peasants’ life up until the publication of the decrees of 1866. The author makes the conclusion about the positive dynamics in the situation with state village. However, according to the research, one of the main problems of that time, namely the problem of land scarcity, has not been resolved. In this regard, the text considers the process of the state village reformation in 1866. The research analyses the process and the outcomes of implementation of the two laws, which resulted in transformation of state peasants’ management system and reorganization of their land arrangement. The values of land allotments and quitrent tax of state peasants with the corresponding indicators of former landowners peasants and former appanage peasants are compared. The situation with the distribution of land within each of these categories of rural population and between them is reviewed in the article. The author comes to the conclusion that the position of the state peasants as a result of the reform turned out to be better than the position of the former landowners and former appanage peasants.

Island of Peace

Chapter One explains how the island of Idjwi has avoided the devastating violence in the rest of eastern Congo. For more than twenty years, Idjwi has remained a “haven of peace” even though civil and international wars raged around it and more than five million people died. This is all the more surprising because the island possesses all of the same preconditions for conflict that have fueled fighting in other parts of Congo, such as land scarcity, ethnic tensions, and aggressive neighboring countries. The chapter explains that the island is peaceful not because of the army, state, or police, or because of foreign peacebuilders, but because of the everyday involvement of all of its residents, including the poorest and least powerful ones. The story of Idjwi shows us that grassroots efforts, bottom-up conflict resolution, and local community resources can build lasting, resilient peace even in a country where traditional outside interventions have failed.

Mitigation of land scarcity situation through tenure practices: a study on two selected villages in Jashore district of Bangladesh

Bangladesh is one of the most densely populated countries with immense pressure on agricultural land in rural areas. Mainstream of the rural households depend on either agriculture or its associated activities for their livelihood. However, rural land distribution is highly skewed, majority of them are landless. Under such a land scarce situation, farmers in rural areas have been gradually inclining towards land tenancy. Present study steered to explore the nature and volume of temporary land transaction through tenancy agreement in studied areas and to scrutinize its role in aligning land distribution. In 2017, a total of 166 farmers were randomly selected from two different villages in Jashore district for study. Result of the study administrated that land tenancy practice has been significantly mitigating land disparity among rural farmers. Study also explored that comparatively rich farmers are leaning towards tenant out land and most of these lands tenanted in by the landless and marginal farmers. Consequently, on an average landless farm could significantly increases their cultivable land from 0.01 acre to 0.98 acre compared to the marginal farm 0.31 to 0.73 acres. At the same time, cultivable land of medium farm has decreased as of 3.74 acres to 2.83 acres in studied villages. Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 10(2): 164-169, December 2020

Towards an urban degrowth: Habitability, finity and polycentric autonomism

Over the last decade, degrowth has offered a concrete alternative to eco-modernization, projecting a society emancipated from the environmentally destructive imperative of competition and consumption. Urban development is the motor of economic growth; cities are therefore prime sites of intervention for degrowth activists. Nevertheless, the planning processes that drive urban development have yet to be questioned from a degrowth perspective. To clear a path for a degrowth urban agenda, this paper rethinks the institutions governing urban development in growth-dependent contemporary economies. It starts by problematizing the regional territorialization of economic competition, ideology of land scarcity, and institution of zoned property rights, which together make urban development an engine of growth. It then outlines three transitions toward urban degrowth, arguing for a regional imaginary of polycentric autonomism, a paradigm of finity in development, and care for habitability as principle of spatial organization.