Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Yellow Wood (Coscinium fenestratum) Fruits Peel from East Kalimantan

Background: Yellow wood (Coscinium fenestratum) is one of the typical forest plants of East Kalimantan. The hallmark of this plant is the roots, stems and the fruits pulp have a yellow color. There have been many studies on its use and potential in treating liver disease. However, there is limited research about the use of their fruits peel. Objectives: The purpose of this study was as an initial screening of the antioxidant and antibacterial activity from yellow wood (Coscinium fenestratum) fruits peel. Material and Methods: The yellow wood fruits peel was extracted using methanol solvent to obtain the MeOH extract of their fruits peel. The DPPH test was carried out to determined its antioxidant activity (25,50 and 100 ppm). The agar well difusion method was carried out to determined its antibacterial activity. Phytochemical tests are also carried out to determined the secondary metabolites of that fruits peel. Results: The results of the phytochemical test showed that the fruits peel contained alkaloids, flavonoids, carbohydrates, and tannins, but there were no terpenoids or steroids. The fruits peel has an antioxidant activity (58%) at 100 ppm concentration. While the antibacterial test showed strong inhibition at 100 ppm concentration on S. mutans, S. aureus, P. acne and E. coli bacteria. Conclusions: The fruits peel of the yellow wood has compounds that have strong antibacterial activity and medium antioxidant activity.

A Comprehensive Study on Anti-hypertensive properties of Punica granatum (Pomegranate), Cynara scolymus (Artichoke), Coscinium fenestratum (Yellow vine) in Phytopharmacological, Molecular Biology Researches

Hypertension is a turning into a significant danger to the world. In the hunt of lead atoms from plant beginning as a substitute for poisonous engineered drugs, 26 Indian restorative plants and nourishments were screened for their ACE (Angiotensin Converting Enzyme) inhibitory movement. IC50 (half restraint of ACE) estimations of hydroalcoholic unrefined concentrates and division were dictated by a colorimetric technique. Dynamic parts were additionally screened to decide the compound energy, mode, explicitness and instrument of restraint. Normalization was finished by deciding aggregate phenolics and flavonoids as gallic corrosive and quercetin counterparts/mg of concentrate individually. Among 26 unrefined concentrates, Cynara scolymus extricate indicated the best action, IC50 esteem 356.62µg/mL. Pro restraint coming about because of protein precipitation was most noteworthy in Coscinium fenestratum. Lineweaver-Burk plots uncovered a serious method of restraint for Punica granatum ethyl acetic acid derivation part. Divisions of Cynara scolymus were seen as vague inhibitors of ACE. Coscinium fenestratum parts restrained the ACE by Zn2+ particle chelation. Further, in the quest for sheltered and powerful lead atoms from normal sources, (MP) Mucuna pruriens L. (Fabaceae) seeds were used for investigating the antihypertensive potential. Generally it is utilized as diuretic and Hypotensive. Bioassay-guided divisions were used for the separation of dynamic mixes by segment chromatography. IC50 esteem, protein energy and restraint system were resolved. In vivo time and portion subordinate hypotensive examination followed by changes in the MAP (Mean blood vessel pressure) actuated by angiotensin I (3 nmol/kg), angiotensin II (3nmol/kg), and to bradykinin (10nmol/kg) in anesthetized rodents was finished. Plasma and tissue ACE exercises were additionally decided. Phytochemical examination by spectroscopic methods uncovered the nearness of realized mixes like genistein, ursolic corrosive and L-DOPA from the ethyl acetic acid derivation and water part separately. In vitro examination uncovered MP ethyl acetic acid derivation portion (MPEA) and genistein as the most dynamic part (IC50 156.45µg/mL) and compound (IC50 253.81µM) individually. Lineweaver-Burk plots uncovered a non-serious method of hindrance. Expert protein precipitation was the recommended instrument for restraint. The concentrate indicated a time and portion subordinate decline in the MAP.

DIRECT ORGANOGENESIS OF A CRITICALLY ENDANGERED MEDICINAL LIANA, COSCINIUM FENESTRATUM (GAERTN.) COLEBR. (MENISPERMACEAE)

An efficient and reproducible regeneration protocol via direct organogenesis has been established using nodal explants of Coscinium fenestratum. Nodal explants were inoculated on MS medium supplemented with BAP and TDZ at 2.0 and 1.0mg/L respectively were produced high frequency of shoots (91.01%). The elongated shoots subcultured on half strength MS medium supplemented with IBA alone at 0.6mg/L produced high frequency of roots (97.42%). Rooted plantlets were acclimatized and established in garden soil, sand and vermicompost in the ratio 1:1:1 with good survival rate under greenhouse conditions. This protocol can be efficiently used for mass multiplication and conservation of this critically endangered medicinal liana in its native habitat.