A Novel Low Voltage Selective Circuit Breaker with Additional Current Path

The subject of the article is a description of the operating principle of the new proposal of the selective circuit breaker, which is an extension of the existing selective devices. The solution proposed in the article allows one to increase the selectivity range of classic selective circuit breakers. In the case of networks with high values of short-circuit loop impedance, operating at reduced supply voltage, the proposed solution will not limit the short-circuit current too excessively as it is in the case of classic solutions. This advantage will allow for the correct reaction of the protections preceding them. The article presents the structure and analysis of the selection of parameters of the proposed solution. The results of simulation calculations have also been illustrated.

HUBUNGAN PELAKSANAAN PEMBERIAN OBAT DENGAN PRINSIP DUA BELAS BENAR TERHADAP TINGKAT KEPUASAN PASIEN DI RUANG RAWAT INAP RSD MANGUSADA BADUNG

Nurses are the spearhead of services that greatly affect patient satisfaction as service users in the hospital. One of the nursing services that provided by nurses is administering drugs. The twelve correct principles of drug administration are the most current principles of medication, consisting of correct patient, correct drug, correct dose, correct method of administration, correct time, correct documentation, correct health education regarding medication, patient right to refuse, correct assessment, correct evaluation, correct reaction to food and correct reaction to other drugs. This study aimed to determine the correlation between the implementation of drug administration with twelve correct principles on the level of patients’ satisfaction in the Inpatient Ward of Mangusada Badung General Hospital.This research was a quantitative study with observational methods and cross sectional design, the sample in this study were patients and the population of nurses in Mangusada Badung General Hospital according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria selected by purposive sampling of 58 patients and 58 nurses. The research was conducted for 1 month. Data were analyzed using nonparametric rho spearman test at a significance level of ? 0.05, p value was 0.000 <0.05. It showed that there was a significant correlation between the implementation of drug administration with Twelve correct principles on the level of patients’ satisfaction in the Inpatient Ward of Mangusada Badung General Hospital. It is expected that health workers, especially nurses, can apply the principles of correctness in administering drugs to increase patient satisfaction.

Dental Anxiety Measurement of Children in Abbottabad Using Audio Visual System

Aim: To measure the anxiety and fear in children while visiting dentist and to observe effectiveness of audiovisual assistance to overcome anxiety Study design: Qualitative study Place and duration of study the study is done in Rehmat Memorial Hospital Abbottabad department of operative dentistry, affiliated with Women Medical and Dental College Abbottabad, from December 2014 to February 2017. Methods: Total two hundred children were observed aged between 5-8 years at Rehmat Memorial Hospital Abbottabad under controlled conditions showing cartoons on TV screen by using wireless headphones. There were two main groups divided into the controlled group and uncontrolled group containing one hundred participants in each group. Each patient's pulse rate, heart rate was recorded and live pulse rate was in sight by using wristband with pulse rate detector. Venham's picture test was used to check the correct reaction of the patient for the assessment of degree of anxiety more realistically. Results Controlled group n=100 and uncontrolled group n=100 patient aged 5-8 years treated for various procedures in different appointments. With mean age 6-7 years, Male to female ration of participants in controlled group was 34% and 66% and in uncontrolled group male and female ration was 45% and 55%. Significant reduction in anxiety was noted in controlled group distracted by audio visual stories and rhymes. Conclusion: Both groups were statistically evaluated and the result showed that audiovisual distraction can decrease the anxiety level in the controlled group but couldn't eliminate completely. This issue needs more studies and experiments to resolve anxiety in children completely. Keywords: Dental anxiety, Venham’s picture test, child behaviour

REACTIVE ATTACHMENT DISORDER AS A DERMINANT OF VICTIM BEHAVIOR OF MINORS

The article is devoted to the consideration of the correlation between reactive attachment disorder and victim behavior of a minor. The author considers the main types of such a disorder and, depending on them, differentiates the type of victim of a criminal offense. It is noted that the lack of close emotional connection with the mother leads to a simplification of the worldview and destructive changes in the set of moral values. A child who is brought up in harsh conditions and placed in a certain framework gradually begins to feel discomfort, due to the inability to understand their place and role in family life, a value for their own parents. Such a situation can have two probable scenarios of further development: the first – the child will shut himself in and consider himself unworthy of the environment, friendship, love and recognition; second, the child will seek a spiritual replacement for parental love, and therefore will become vulnerable to people who will show affection and interest. It is pointed out that the formation in the mind of a juvenile victim of a criminal offense of the correct reaction to the wrongful influence and the generation of an adequate conditioned reflex to its negative consequences can be achieved by visualizing and gradually consolidating certain guidelines that form the algorithm necessary to avoid victimization. It turns out that the main reason for the victimization of such children is the emphasized protective compensation, which is aimed at overcoming the psychological trauma caused by dissatisfaction with the relationship with the mother. Adolescents who suffer from this type of disorder subconsciously seek to become victims, their behavior encouraging illegal influence. It is concluded that reactive attachment disorder can be considered an independent and full-fledged determinant of victim behavior of a minor. Disorders of reactive attachment can negatively affect several areas of adolescent life: emotional and volitional; intellectual; psychological. To date, the victim behavior of adolescents suffering from RAD is infantile (regressive), stimulating (fictitious-provoking) or situational. The reasons for victimization of such adolescents are their conformity, as well as transformational processes in the mind, caused by the wrong approach of parents to interact with their own children.

HOMO DIGITALIS AND SELF-AWARENESS: TRANSFORMATION, CHALLENGES AND REQUEST A PERSONOLOGICAL UNIQUE SELF

The article aims to comprehend the situation and the humanitarian consequences of the ongoing radical transformation of the entire way of life caused by digitalization. The focus is on the challenge facing human subjectivity. The results of modern neurophysiological research show that self-awareness (as the highest level and essence of subjectivity) is formed as a result of socialization which is accompanied by communication in a narratological format. This makes it possible to clarify the content of such concepts as consciousness, self-awareness, freedom, as well as to identify the role of responsibility in the formation of the corresponding phenomena. Analysis shows that mastering the first-person narration of experience plays a key role in shaping responsibility/freedom. The narrative approach turns out to be important both in the analysis of the phenomenology of consciousness and in the analysis of the historical evolution of mankind. It is this circumstance that is crucial in understanding the prospects for homo digitalis. The modern «mega-machine» civilization synthesizes the living and non-living, the biological and mechanical into a single digital ecosystem. This ecosystem displaces not only the natural world but also its perception, the very experience of going through some experience «in the first person». The volumes of information and the speed of its transmission and processing leave no room for reflection. A person is required to provide not comprehension and reasoning but a «correct» reaction, the activation of options that launch the given algorithms. It is actually about a transition to signal communication and «new animality». Homo digitalis becomes not an independent part of this system but its option: a tool and a product. The article provides generalization of the horizon of such prospects: both the loss of subjectivity in digital codes and its being in demand. The analysis performed allows us to outline the content of humanitarian expertise not only of the consequences of digital technologies but also of their development and implementation.

Evidence Against Combined Effects of Stress and Brain Stimulation on Working Memory

The effect of stress on working memory has been traced back to a modulation of the prefrontal cortex (PFC). We investigated the effects of neuromodulation of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (lDLPFC) after exposure to psychosocial stress through the Socially Evaluated Cold Pressure Test (SECPT). The hypothesis was that neuromodulation interacts with the stress intervention, to either boost performance even under stressed conditions or compensate negative stress effects. Fifty-nine participants were randomly divided into two groups. One group received active, anodal, offline transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the lDLPFC while the other group received sham stimulation. Participants performed a lexical n-back task, before and after the SECPT and tDCS intervention. The first n-back task was used as a baseline measurement and the second n-back task was performed during recovery from stress when cortisol levels are at their peak, but still under the influence of tDCS aftereffects. Additionally, after the psychosocial stress phase participants were post-hoc divided into cortisol responders and nonresponders. Results showed that generally stress increased lexical n-back task performance as indicated by faster correct reaction times and higher accuracy but that this was not modulated by tDCS. Crucially, using Bayes analysis we obtained evidence against the influence of anodal tDCS on stressed individual’s working memory performance.

Quasi Diabatic Propagation Scheme for Direct Simulation of Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer Reaction

We apply a recently-developed quasi-diabatic (QD) propagation scheme to simulate proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) reactions. This scheme enables a direct interface between an accurate diabatic dynamics approach and the adiabatic vibronic states. It explicitly avoids theoretical efforts to pre-construct diabatic states for the transferring electron and proton or reformulate diabatic dynamics methods to the adiabatic representation, both of which are non-trivial tasks. Using partial linearized path-integral approach and symmetrical quasi-classical approach as the diabatic dynamics methods, we demonstrate that the QD propagation scheme provides accurate vibronic dynamics of PCET reactions and reliably predict the correct reaction mechanism without any a priori assumptions. This work demonstrates the possibility to directly simulate challenging PCET reactions by using accurate diabatic dynamics approaches and adiabatic vibronic information.

Quasi Diabatic Propagation Scheme for Direct Simulation of Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer Reaction

We apply a recently-developed quasi-diabatic (QD) propagation scheme to simulate proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) reactions. This scheme enables a direct interface between an accurate diabatic dynamics approach and the adiabatic vibronic states. It explicitly avoids theoretical efforts to pre-construct diabatic states for the transferring electron and proton or reformulate diabatic dynamics methods to the adiabatic representation, both of which are non-trivial tasks. Using partial linearized path-integral approach and symmetrical quasi-classical approach as the diabatic dynamics methods, we demonstrate that the QD propagation scheme provides accurate vibronic dynamics of PCET reactions and reliably predict the correct reaction mechanism without any a priori assumptions. This work demonstrates the possibility to directly simulate challenging PCET reactions by using accurate diabatic dynamics approaches and adiabatic vibronic information.

First-principles–based reaction kinetics from reactive molecular dynamics simulations: Application to hydrogen peroxide decomposition

This paper presents our vision of how to use in silico approaches to extract the reaction mechanisms and kinetic parameters for complex condensed-phase chemical processes that underlie important technologies ranging from combustion to chemical vapor deposition. The goal is to provide an analytic description of the detailed evolution of a complex chemical system from reactants through various intermediates to products, so that one could optimize the efficiency of the reactive processes to produce the desired products and avoid unwanted side products. We could start with quantum mechanics (QM) to ensure an accurate description; however, to obtain useful kinetics we need to average over ∼10-nm spatial scales for ∼1 ns, which is prohibitively impractical with QM. Instead, we use the reactive force field (ReaxFF) trained to fit QM to carry out the reactive molecular dynamics (RMD). We focus here on showing that it is practical to extract from such RMD the reaction mechanisms and kinetics information needed to describe the reactions analytically. This analytic description can then be used to incorporate the correct reaction chemistry from the QM/ReaxFF atomistic description into larger-scale simulations of ∼10 nm to micrometers to millimeters to meters using analytic approaches of computational fluid dynamics and/or continuum chemical dynamics. In the paper we lay out the strategy to extract the mechanisms and rate parameters automatically without the necessity of knowing any details of the chemistry. We consider this to be a proof of concept. We refer to the process as RMD2Kin (reactive molecular dynamics to kinetics) for the general approach and as ReaxMD2Kin (ReaxFF molecular dynamics to kinetics) for QM-ReaxFF–based reaction kinetics.

Application of FMEA method in railway signalling projects

The article presents the FMEA method application, which is relevant in verification of design of two separated railway signalling systems. The efficiency of the method at the stage of the design was discussed. The method was identified as an important element of safety management process and as safety analysis method, which is included in the Safety Case and is applied for the sake of safety arguments and its assessment. Safety process management comprises several phases and appropriate actions, linked with each other in the way to create safety life cycle consistent with system life cycle. The safety case is a set of documents demonstrating that the product is compliant with defined safety requirements including analysis that indicates the correctness of the design and the correct reaction of the system to the failures, with appropriate and requested fail-safe reaction. It is necessary that railway signalling system should fulfil SIL4 requirement and remain safe in case of occurrence any kind of single failure of the equipment considered as possible.