Structure and properties of nanocarbons-encapsulated WC synthesized by solution plasma process in palm oils

Palm oil is produced in the ASEAN region. The overhang of stocks, propellant fouling in the production process and used oils existed there. It is a crucial issue to make efficient use of such palm oils. Solution plasma process (SPP) is one step non-thermal plasma in the liquid phase. Our laboratory has already synthesized the nanocarbons materials, graphene, hetero-graphene from organic molecules by SP. Organic ones engineer these material sources. When the functionalized nanocarbon can be synthesized from natural products and their dust, the functionalized carbon materials are supplied by the green process and low price. We had already synthesized nanocarbons by SP from the palm oils. The nanocarbons were covered enhanced electrical conductivity of nanocarbons, which is referred to the nanocarbons-encapsulated WC (tungsten carbides). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the structure and the properties of nanocarbons-encapsulated WC to provide the nanocarbons-encapsulated. The solution plasma was generated by the bipolar pulsed power supply through two tungsten electrodes using 2 μs pulse widths and frequencies (100, 150, and 180 kHz) for 30 min. We found that the observed plasma types depended on the discharge conditions. Conversion percentage of the oil to WC-encapsulated nanocarbon (% yield) was increased with frequency. The obtained X-ray diffraction patterns are showed the crystalline structure. The morphology of nanocarbon capsules WC are spherical shapes and less than 10 nm size. The electrochemical properties indicate that the ORR activity in an acidic medium under saturated O2 significantly disappears in the case of the nanocarbon-encapsulated WC synthesised in the high frequency (180 kHz). The synthesized nanocarbons-encapsulated WC might be applied in data storage and energy applications.

Dissimilar welding of aluminum alloys 2024 T3 and 7075 T6 by TIG process with double tungsten electrodes

The aim of this work is to study the metallurgical and mechanical properties of dissimilar assemblies of 2024 T3 and 7075 T6 structural hardening aluminum alloy by TIG twine electrode arc welding process. It will include a weld performed according to optimized welding parameters followed by a study of the macroscopic and microscopic evolution of the dissimilar assembly (2024–7075) using optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM); In addition, the phase compositions were analyzed with an energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). Tensile and microhardness tests were performed. The tensile fracture was observed by SEM. We have found that this process thins the weld bead and reduces the size of the heat affected zone (HAZ) of the welded joint. The microhardness is lower in the melted area and higher on the side of the area affected by the heat especially for 7075 alloy, resulting in brittle strength and a sudden drop in breaking strength.

Li-air battery and ORR activity of nanocarbons produced on synthesis rate by solution plasma process

Nanocarbons were successfully synthesized from benzene (BZ), nitro-benzene (BZ-NO2) and aniline (BZ-NH2) by Solution Plasma Process (SPP). The SPP generated by a bipolar pulsed power supply between two tungsten electrodes...

DESIGN OF ELECTRIC AIR OZONATOR FOR LIVESTOCK KEEPING HOUSES

One of the most important tasks of animal husbandry is establishing and maintaining normalized microclimate parameters in closed livestock keeping houses: temperature, humidity, speed of air fl ows, illumination, gas composition of air, and suspended dust particles. Failure to comply with established zootechnical and veterinary-sanitary standards in a closed room, (other things being equal) can lead to a decrease in productivity, increased feed consumption per unit of production, the rapid development of pathogenic microbes, and the spread of infections. The design of an electric air ozonizer based on a corona discharge and an air ozonization system is proposed to ensure high-quality air disinfection in livestock keeping houses in accordance with sanitary standards. A distinctive novelty of the proposed design is the emitter module, made as a ceramic base, on which tungsten electrodes are fi xed in the form of a grid with a honeycomb cell. The advantages of the proposed design of an electric air ozonizer include the reliability of operation due to shutdown in case of an emergency, protection against overheating and critical concentration of ozone inside the room in one place due to a weather vane, ozone and temperature sensors, and a central control unit. The proposed design of the electric ozonation system will increase the effi ciency of disinfection and disinsection of air in industrial livestock buildings, and will also ensure a more uniform concentration of ozone throughout the room volume due to the location of ozonizers and their improved operation of the emitter in terms of performance and uniformity. Preliminary evaluative experimental studies to test the performance of the proposed electric air ozonator in a livestock keeping house with an area of 1600 m2 have shown that its design reduces the amount of microfl ora in the air from 27520 to 240 colonies/m3, while increasing ozone concentration to 0.035 mg/m3, as well as reduces the content of harmful gas impurities of hydrogen sulfi de from 0.16 to 0.0003 mg/l; ammonia – from 0.13 to 0.05 mg / l; carbon dioxide – from 10 to 0.2 mg/l.

Material Erosion and Dust Formation during Tungsten Exposure to Hollow-Cathode and Microjet Discharges

Tungsten erosion and dust occurrence are phenomena of great interest for fusion technology. Herein, we report results concerning the material damage and dust formation in the presence of high temperature and large area or concentrated discharges in helium and argon. In order to generate adequate plasmas, we used tungsten electrodes in two experimental discharge systems, namely a hollow discharge and a microjet discharge. In both exposure cases, we noticed surface modification, which was assigned to sputtering, melting, and vaporization processes, and a significant dust presence. We report the formation on electrode surfaces of tungsten fuzz, nano-cones, nanofibers, and cauliflower- and faced-like particles, depending on the discharge and gas type. Dust with various morphologies and sizes was collected and analyzed with respect to the morphology, size distribution, and chemical composition. We noticed, with respect to erosion and particle formation, common behaviors of W in both laboratory and fusion facilities experiments.