Eavesdropping Vulnerability and Countermeasure in Infrared Communication for IoT Devices

Infrared (IR) communication is one of the wireless communication methods mainly used to manipulate consumer electronics devices. Traditional IR devices support only simple operations such as changing TV channels. These days, consumer electronic devices such as smart TV are connected to the internet with the introduction of IoT. Thus, the user’s sensitive information such as credit card number and/or personal information could be entered with the IR remote. This situation raises a new problem. Since TV and the set-top box are visual media, these devices can be used to control and/or monitor other IoT devices at home. Therefore, personal information can be exposed to eavesdroppers. In this paper, we experimented with the IR devices’ reception sensitivity using remotes. These experiments were performed to measure the IR reception sensitivity in terms of distance and position between the device and the remote. According to our experiments, the transmission distance of the IR remote signal is more than 20 m. The experiments also revealed that curtains do not block infrared rays. Consequently, eavesdropping is possible to steal the user’s sensitive information. This paper proposes a simple, practical, and cost-effective countermeasure against eavesdropping, which does not impose any burden on users. Basically, encryption is used to prevent the eavesdropping. The encryption key is created by recycling a timer inside the microcontroller typically integrated in a remote. The key is regenerated whenever the power button on a remote is pressed, providing the limited lifecycle of the key. The evaluation indicates that the XOR-based encryption is practical and effective in terms of the processing time and cost.

Non-fullerene-based organic photodetectors for infrared communication

We developed a new non-fullerene acceptor with high responsivity in the near infrared and demonstrated its potential for infrared communication.

VLC-Based Car-to-Car Communication

Based on data from the Indonesian Traffic Corps by September 2019, the number of car accidents was dominated by rear-hit crashes with 6,966 accidents. Most of these accidents occurred during car convoys. It needs a car-to-car communication to increase driver awareness. One of the technologies that can be applied is Visible Light Communication (VLC) and infrared communication. The transmitted data are the vehicle speed data, throttle position, and brake stepping indicator. The data are obtained by reading the Engine Control Unit (ECU) in the car. The data are packaged from the three data and sent to other cars at day and night using VLC and infrared communication. The experimental results show that in a communication system that uses VLC, data can be exchanged between cars during the day up to 2 meters and at night up to 11 meters. Otherwise, in infrared communication, vehicles can communicate during the day up to 2 meters and at night up to 0.7 meter. The test was also carried out with some conditions such as rain, smoke, passers, and other vehicle lights.

Server Room Temperature and Monitoring System Using Fuzzy Based on RobotDyn Microcontroller

Server role becomes very important to provide service to clients. Therefore the performance of the server needs to be maintained. The performance of the server is not only influenced by the technology of the hardware but also influenced by server room ideal temperature and humidity condition. Monitoring and adjusting temperature condition is not possible to be done continuously manually because of limited human resources. One of the solutions is using a system based on the Internet of Things (IoT). This research proposed a prototype of server room temperature and humidity real-time monitoring system using RobotDyn ATmega+ESP8266 microcontroller and the Blynk IoT platform. The prototype also can maintain the temperature of server room on ideal condition by controlling Air Conditioner using Fuzzy logic Mamdani Method and infrared communication. The result of this research a prototype that can read temperature and humidity of server room accurately realtive error for temperature is 0,81% and relative error for humidity is 4,52%. Quality of Service for data transmission from prototype to Blynk Platform is very good, with average delay 127.54ms, average packet loss ratio 0.54%, average packet delivery ratio 99.46%, and average throughput 10.5 kbps. Control System that built using fuzzy logic Mamdani Method can automatically control the value of Air Conditioner temperature output that adjust the condition of server room with maximum range for control Air Conditioner is 4 meters and 45° from Air Conditioner’s transmitter

Application SMART for Small Unmanned Aircraft System of Systems

This chapter presents results of SMART for small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles System of Systems complex making, the development of complex control and Infrared communication algorithms, investigations of operation effectiveness of reconnaissance SMART UAVs System-of-System and of the distributed systems of wireless sensors. The development of UAV System-of-System complex and the military tactic tasks and reconnaissance application have been considered. The problems upon providing effective functioning of reconnaissance UAV during analysis and control of highly dynamic scenes are considered. It is shown that during the optimum regime of functioning and taking into account given limiting conditions on total radiation power of radio signals, the reconnaissance UAV should possess the current radiation power inversely proportional to the amount of signal-noise ratio. The technical realization of such optimum regimes is possible by way of development of adaptive control of transmitter power depending on the amount of useful signal detected during reconnaissance activity of UAV.