Przedsiębiorczość w sieci

Entrepreneurship on the net makes the expansion possible in fields where in the real world very often it would be unworkable because of many obstacles and limiting factors like costs - which are quite simply to overcome on the net. It is easy to set up a web site available to millions of people in the world who type the web site address or find what they are looking for in Google or via another search engine. The Internet market is open to all ideas and hence we should take advantage thereof. The number of internet shops has increased by 100% against the numbers from last year. The number of buyers has increased as well. Thanks to the World Wide Web, e-mails and communicators, entrepreneurs have a chance to communicate with clients on a global scale. It was merely not so long ago in 1977, when Ken Olson, the president and founder of the Digital Equipment Corp. Company stated, “there is no reason as to why anyone should want to have a computer at home”. Today, most businesses, including most of us cannot imagine a life without a computer or the Internet that in the age of advanced technology has become a common work tool. The work above presents the history of the Internet and the most important elements which have influenced its development and without which the virtual world would not have existed. The thesis will present an in-depth look at the Internet’s range and capacity, possibilities it creates, and also challenges the safety features Internet consumers face. Additionally it will provide explanations of the most important definitions used in the world of e-business.

A Computer Graphic Method to Enhance the Display and Interpretation of Three-Dimensional Data

Three-dimensional density information derived from electron micrographs may reveal complex structural features which are difficult to interpret from one or more two-dimensional views. Displaying a series of static views on a graphics device in quick succession provides an effective means to examine the structure dynamically and in a way which enhances the depth perception.Digital images derived from three-dimensional models are transfered to the memory of a 1280x1024 resolution (8-bit pixel) color raster graphics device (Lexidata 3400, Adage Inc., Billerica, MA) and displayed on a 19 in. color monitor at a 25-30 Hz interlaced refresh rate. Individual pixels are displayed as one of 256 different colors or grey levels from a palette of up to 224—1 combinations. An entire series of images is loaded into the graphics memory in a sequential order, usually in rows. The displayed series is zoomed up to focus on a single frame and separate frames are displayed in appropriate sequence by panning to different regions of the graphics memory. The frequency at which each frame can be displayed is adjustable and only limited by the refresh rate of the monitor. Such dynamic image sequences can be photographed with a standard video camera and replayed on a television monitor with a video cassette recorder. The programs for displaying image data are written in FORTRAN and have been implemented on a VAX/VMS 8550 minicomputer (Digital Equipment Corp., Maynard, MA).

Glass and Glass Raw Materials Analysis using a Philips PW1600 Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Spectrometer

The Inorganic Analytical Laboratory of Owens-Corning Fiberglas is routinely using a Philips PW1600 x-ray spectrometer for the analysis of glass and glass raw materials. The spectrometer is equipped with 11 fixed channels, two scanning channels, and an energy dispersive detector. Operation of the spectrometer and data compilation is accomplished using a Digital Equipment Corp. PDP11/34 computer. The x-ray is controlled by an RSX-11M operating system, and the Philips “Alphas” software package is used to process data using the Lucas- Tooth Pyne (LP), Lachance-Traill (LT), or Rasberry-Heinrich (RH) correction models.

A new image processing software system for structural analysis and contrast enhancement

We report on the development of a new image processing software system SPIDER (System for Processing of Image Data in Electron Microscopy and Related Fields). The need for a user-oriented software system for electron image processing has been previously recognized /1-4/. These systems have in common that they allow users with a minimum amount of computer experience to define complex operations on images.The present system runs under the PDP 11/45 RSX-11D (Digital Equipment Corp.) executive in a multi-user, multi-task environment. Image enhancement of large images (e.g., box convolution and point mapping operations) as well as structural electron microscopy (Fourier operations, 3-d reconstruction) had to be accommodated. Characteristic for the electron microscope application is the need to process series of images closely related to each other (defocus, tilting, and averaging series).In SPIDER, the images are read and transferred by magnetic tape from the microdensitometer to PDP 11 disk files.

An Acquisition and Display System for Slow Scan Data

The Johns Hopkins University High Resolution Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope is serviced by a real-time dedicated digital data acquisition and display system. This system, whose block diagram is shown, is capable of accepting three eight-bit data samples from each scanning element of the microscope sweep. A major component of the system is a Digital Equipment Corp. PDP-11/20 processor and peripherals. The relevant peripherals, communicating with the machine's 12 K word, 900 nS core memory, are a disk storage unit of 1.2 M word capacity and two direct memory access interface units. Also participating, but not shown, are a hardware arithmetic unit and a magnetic tape unit. All of these are standard D. E. C. items. The storing scan converter, by Princeton Electronic Products, Inc., and its monitor are also purchased items.