Boron additive passivated carbonate electrolytes for stable cycling of 5 V lithium–metal batteries

The limitation of a high-voltage lithium (Li) metal battery lies in the absence of a robust electrolyte that can endure oxidation loss at a high-voltage cathode and suppress the dendrite growth at a Li metal anode.

Ferrite Decarburization of High Silicon Spring Steel in Three Temperature Ranges

Surface decarburization of high silicon spring steel in ambient air was studied. The experimental results confirmed the decarburized mechanism under AC1 temperature, in the temperature range of AC1-AC3 and AC3-G. Under AC1 temperature, pearlite spheroidization and surface decarburization are carried out simultaneously and pearlite spheroidization is reinforced. Considering the oxidation loss depth, the “true ferrite decarburized depth” at 850 °C (AC3-G) is still smaller than that at 760°C (AC1-AC3). That is because an “incubation period” must pass away before ferrite decarburization occurs in the temperature range of AC3-G, and the ferrite decarburized rate is limited to being equal to the partial decarburized rate.

Experimental Study on the Oxide Scale of Steel Slab under Oxygen-Enrichment Combustion

In this paper, A test furnace design for use in oxygen-enriched combustion to investigate the oxide scale of steel slab. The heating time, oxygen content and temperature were investigated, and the structure of oxides formed on the slab was characterized. The results show that magnetite film formed on the slab increases in thickness with oxygen enrichment which restricts the diffusion of oxygen and make oxide scale decreased, the oxidation loss of billet has reduced by approximately 37% and the fuel has a 26% fuel savings because of the heating time is decreased

Anti-Oxidation Coatings for Steel Billets at High Temperature

A new kind of anti-oxidation coating for steel billets at high temperature was prepared. The resistance property of the coatings for oxidation was investigated. The result indicated that the coatings could decrease the oxidation loss at 1300¡æ. The anti-oxidation mechanism of the coatings on the surface of steel billets at high temperature was proposed at the same time.

Grate-Rotary Kiln Pellet Technology of Chromite Concentrate and Study on Mass Balance Calculation

The grate-rotary kiln pellet process of chromite concentrate, which is not only complying with the chrome ore agglomeration process, but also meeting the development of grate-rotary kiln pelletizing technology, and is an effective mearsure of increasing use of high-carbon ferrochrome as well. In this work, aiming at study on grate-rotary kiln pellets of 0.3Mtpa chromite concentrate’s mass balance calculations, the results show when the material is in the specific surface area of 1700cm2/g, the compressive strength of 11 N per pellet, drop number of 5 times from 0.5m height and cracking temperature of 435°C are achieved, especially cracking temperature is higher than the highest temperature of grate DDD 400°C. Measuring and calculation of dehydration loss, ash content and bulk material loss, as well as reduction loss and oxidation loss of coke powder of the green pellet are achieved. The reduction degrees of FeO and Cr2O3 are 68.06% and 52.24% respectively, and comprehensive reduction degree is 58.52%. In this research, the mass balance table of payments of the grate-rotary kiln system is listed, and a detailed mass balance diagram is also obtained.

Characterization of β-cyclodextrin Self-Aggregates for Eugenol Encapsulation

The application of β-cyclodextrin(CD)-assisted molecular encapsulation of neutraceutical ingredients, functional food in food products, hydrophobic drugs, and volatile substances helps protect the active ingredients against oxidation, loss of volatile compounds and light-induced decomposition and increases the solubility of hydrophobic medicines. Self-assembly aggregation of CDs has been extensively investigated from the aggregation of native CDs to high-order complex aggregates. The increasing complex order of the aggregates is dependent on some parameters such as pH, temperature, time and concentration. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the aggregation behaviour of β-cyclodextrin (CD)-eugenol complexes induced at shaking times on the release characteristic at various relative humidity and storage temperatures. The particle size started to increase after shaking for 8 h at 650 nm, and then, significant aggregation (1,110 nm) was observed after 24 h. The retention rate of eugenol significantly increased according to storage duration under various relative humidity and temperature conditions. Prolonged shaking time enhanced the self-aggregation of β-CD-eugenol complexes resulting in eugenol release behavior due to their effect on the aggregation mechanism, as assessed by TEM observation. The aggregation of β-CD-eugenol complexes could be attributed to the slow release of eugenol owing to the presence of a thick layer of β-CD aggregates.

Application of the Tabu Search Algorithm on Solving the Optimum Heating Institution of Reheating Furnace

With the aim of minimizing the energy consumption cost and taking the billet heating quality as the constraint condition, a mathematical model was established based on the billet heating model to solve the optimum heat institution of the reheating furnace. The tabu search algorithm was employed to solve the model. The results of the industrial production data optimization showed that the proposed mathematical model and the solving method could fully meet the practical production demand of the reheating furnace. In addition to satisfying the heating quality requirements, the energy consumption is reduced and the oxidation loss is decreased. Compared with the original one, the heating institution obtained from the mentioned model and algorithm had a better performance on energy efficiency.

Study on the High-Temperature Coating in Preventing Oxidation and Decarburization

In order to reduce the oxidation and decarburization caused by high temperature in the course of the heat treatment of metal materials, an environment-friendly coating consisting of glass powder and red mud as the main raw materials is applied. It is brushed on the workpiece surface, heated in the box-type resistance furnace.The high temperature oxidation weight gain and the depth of decarburization between naked steel and coating steel are studied using weight gain method and metallographic method. The impact of the coating to reduce oxidation loss and the main properties of coating are analyzed. The result shows that processing properties of the glass-based coating are excellent:it has no crack at high temperature, distributes uniformly on the workpiece surface and can be self-spalling after quenching. It effectively prevents the workpiece from oxidation and decarburization at 800-1100 . The coating is of low cost and easy to use.