AN EFFICACY COMPARISON STUDY BETWEEN TOPICAL ANTI ALLERGIC DRUGS IN PATIENTS WITH ALLERGIC CONJUNCTIVITIS IN WESTERN RAJASTHAN

Backgroud : Allergic conjunctivitis is disturbing condition for patients and challenging condition for treating ophthalmologist and with increasing environmental pollution, the incidence of allergic conjunctivitis is increasing . Severe disease requires steroid but milder form can be treated with newer topical anti allergic medication (combined anti‑histaminic and mast cell stabilization function).Aim: In this study we compare efficacy of olopatadine (0.2%), bepotastine (1.5%), and alcaftadine (0.25%) in treatment of allergic conjunctivitis .Methods: In this randomized, double blind clinical trial 60 allergic conjunctivitis patients divided in three groups. Relief of symptoms and signs were noted and compared. Results: There was no statistical significant difference found in terms of efficacy of all three drugs in resolving symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis, .There is almost complete relief after 1 week of use of medication ( P < 0.001).

Transcriptional Profiling Confirms the Therapeutic Effects of Mast Cell Stabilization in a Dengue Disease Model

ABSTRACT There are no approved therapeutics for the treatment of dengue disease despite the global prevalence of dengue virus (DENV) and its mosquito vectors. DENV infections can lead to vascular complications, hemorrhage, and shock due to the ability of DENV to infect a variety of immune and nonimmune cell populations. Increasingly, studies have implicated the host response as a major contributor to severe disease. Inflammatory products of various cell types, including responding T cells, mast cells (MCs), and infected monocytes, can contribute to immune pathology. In this study, we show that the host response to DENV infection in immunocompetent mice recapitulates transcriptional changes that have been described in human studies. We found that DENV infection strongly induced metabolic dysregulation, complement signaling, and inflammation. DENV also affected the immune cell content of the spleen and liver, enhancing NK, NKT, and CD8+ T cell activation. The MC-stabilizing drug ketotifen reversed many of these responses without suppressing memory T cell formation and induced additional changes in the transcriptome and immune cell composition of the spleen, consistent with reduced inflammation. This study provides a global transcriptional map of immune activation in DENV target organs of an immunocompetent host and supports the further development of targeted immunomodulatory strategies to treat DENV disease. IMPORTANCE Dengue virus (DENV), which causes febrile illness, is transmitted by mosquito vectors throughout tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Symptoms of DENV infection involve damage to blood vessels and, in rare cases, hemorrhage and shock. Currently, there are no targeted therapies to treat DENV infection, but it is thought that drugs that target the host immune response may be effective in limiting symptoms that result from excessive inflammation. In this study, we measured the host transcriptional response to infection in multiple DENV target organs using a mouse model of disease. We found that DENV infection induced metabolic dysregulation and inflammatory responses and affected the immune cell content of the spleen and liver. The use of the mast cell stabilization drug ketotifen reversed many of these responses and induced additional changes in the transcriptome and immune cell repertoire that contribute to decreased dengue disease.