The renewal of the literary communication contract of "Conto de Escola": characteristics and implications

This article aims at analyzing how the redefinition of the subjects of the narrative staging, channel, and semiological codes determines the renewal of the literary contract of the short story "Conto de Escola" in its 2002 reprint by Cosac Naify publishers, taking into account the Semiolinguistic Discourse Analysis Theory and, in a subsidiary way, the studies of editorial paratexts and visual forms. The Machadian short story, originally published in 1884, was reprinted, in a book of the same name, as a verbal-visual hybrid text by the publisher's initiative and the work of Nelson Cruz, who authored the illustrations and the editorial project. The most relevant implications of this process of renewal of the literary contract are the amplification of the effects of meaning and, more particularly, the intensification of the pathemic effects as a result of the word-image interaction, which is inserted in a material and discursive mise-en-scène, organized by the editorial paratexts. This results in inscribing children as target readers, unlike previous contracts, which now allows for the book under analysis to be identified as potential literature for children.---Original in English.

Violence Against Nursing Students: A Review of Potential Literature

Background: The incidence of workplace violence has continued to occupy a significant place in healthcare at a rate nearly double that in other industries. Those providing direct bedside care are among the most vulnerable to violence, including nursing students. Among the evidence-based tools which may be deployed in such circumstances is verbal de-escalation, or the practice of verbal and physical behaviors and actions meant to calm (or at least not exacerbate) the patient. This literature review outlines the history of research on violence against nursing students and identifies the next steps for addressing this problem. Method: A search for relevant studies included using the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), ProQuest, Ovid, Science Direct, Medline, and PubMed databases using key terms such as nursing student, verbal de-escalation, aggression, and violence. Results: Search identified 19,000 articles but only 28 focused on violence experienced by nursing students and are covered in this review. Conclusion: Verbal de-escalation training may represent a promising solution for teaching students how to handle workplace violence. Furthur investigation of this and other solutions is necessary.

Queneau, Raymond (1903–1976)

Raymond Queneau was a French novelist, poet and essayist of very broad interests (leading to his directorship of the prestigious Encyclopédie de la Pléiade from 1959 onwards), particularly associated with the formal construction of his works, a linguistic ingenuity aimed at reducing the gulf between colloquial and written language (a project which Queneau referred to as le néo-français), and a sense of humor drawing on the absurd. Initially connected to the Surrealist group of André Breton (1896–1966), and later with the Collège de 'Pataphysique founded in 1948 inspired by the absurdist works of Alfred Jarry (1873–1907), Queneau was in 1960 a founding member of OuLiPo (a contraction of ‘Ouvroir de littérature potentielle’, or ‘Workshop of potential literature’), an association of authors producing works of literature governed by strict formal constraints. Queneau’s Cent mille milliards de poèmes (One hundred million million poems, 1961), in which the verses of ten sonnets can be combined to form a huge number of poems, is characteristic of OuLiPo, but similar formal preoccupations can be seen in Queneau’s earlier works, such as his Exercises de style (1947), in which a single short anecdote is told in 99 different ways. His most popular work, the 1959 novel Zazie dans le métro, was made into a film of the same name directed by Louis Malle in 1960.

Ouvroir de literature potentielle (Oulipo) [Workshop of potential literature]

Oulipo, Ouvroir de littérature potentielle [Workshop of potential literature] is a dynamic and even flamboyant group of writers, poets, and mathematicians who strive to elaborate new constraints, which they employ in order to explore and enhance the potentiality of language. Oulipo was born in 1960 thanks to the union of two complementary minds: that of François Le Lionnais (1901–1984), a mathematician and renowned chess specialist, and that of Raymond Queneau (1903–1976), a famed novelist and poet. The group, now over 30 strong, gives public readings, facilitates writing workshops, and participates in many other public events, including radio programs on France-Culture. One of the key factors of the group’s unequalled longevity is precisely that Oulipo is not an avant-garde assigned to topple previous domineering currents. The most celebrated Oulipians, other than the two founding members, are Georges Perec (1936–1982), Jacques Roubaud (1932--) and Jacques Jouet (1947--). Other icons include Marcel Duchamp (1887–1968) and Italo Calvino (1923–1985).

Potential Literature

This chapter turns to the scientific imaginary as it appears in the realm of art. It asserts that art has very often sought either to parody science or to diminish its claims to truth. Within this important post-Romantic strain of critique, this chapter isolates another voice that has sought to find a common imaginative ground between art and science. The chapter begins with Alfred Jarry's inauguration of the “science of 'Pataphysics” and ends with the literary refraction of Jarry's Gedankenexperimenten in the work of the Oulipo. The latter, in which the terms of art and criticism are uniquely joined, informs algorithmic criticism's emphasis on the liberating forces of (computationally enforced) constraint. Moreover, the chapter argues that this important modernist genealogy points to the primacy of pattern as the basic hermeneutical function that unites art, science, and criticism.

Renesans baśni

The article’s aim is is to reviw two-volume monograph entitled Fairy tale in Contemporary Cultre edited by Kornelia Ćwiklak (volume 1: Fairy tale’s limitless potential: literature – art – mass culture , volume 2: The human realm: education – psychoanalisys – art therapy ). Reviewed publication presents theoretical proposals and interpretations of cultural texts related to the fairy tales.

Traductions transfuges, oulipotentielles

In this paper, we present and analyse the challenges faced by the translator of potential literature. In the context of translation and thus of reconstruction according to a principle - a constraint that can be expressed mathematically, thus reducing the number and categories of readers - the translator’s task is even more difficult than in other translational situations. The Oulipians’ literature eludes traditional benchmarks and puts the translator to the test. However, the latter does not give in to the effort of “délabyrinther” the text