Tata Kelola Kelembagaan Pedagang Kaki Lima Sekitar Pasar Di Kota Kendari

The condition of street vendors in Kendari City is currently not as crowded as cities in other provinces, but the trend of the number of street vendors is increasing every year. This can be seen from the decreasing function of the sidewalk for pedestrians because it is used by street vendors to carry out their activities. The purpose of this study is to determine the characteristics of street vendors and the factors of the presence of street vendors who occupy the sidewalks and shoulders of the road in Kendari City. The method used to analyze the factors of the presence of street vendors who occupy the shoulders and sidewalks and to determine the control system for street vendors who use the shoulders and sidewalks uses descriptive analysis. The results of this study are the characteristics of street vendors (PKL): main occupation (87%), types of vegetables into merchandise (14%), duration of trade <5 years (69%), and area of 2-4 m2 (80%) The factors for the existence of street vendors (PKL) occupying the shoulders and sidewalks around the market in Kendari City are weak rule enforcement, transactional systems, no place in the market, and location costs. Keywords: Governance, Street Vendors, Market Kondisi pedagang kaki lima di Kota Kendari saat ini belum sepadat kota-kota di Provinsi lain, namun kecenderungan jumlah PKL setiap tahunnya mengalami peningkatan. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari semakin berkurangnya fungsi trotoar jalan bagi pejala kaki karena digunakan oleh pedagang kaki lima untuk melakukan kegiatannya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui karakteristik pedagang kaki lima dan faktor-faktor keberadaan pedagang kaki lima yang menempati trotoar dan bahu jalan di Kota Kendari. Metode yang digunakan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor keberadaan pedagang kaki lima yang menempati bahu jalan dan trotoar serta untuk mengetahui sistem penertiban pedagang kaki lima yang menggunakan bahu jalan dan trotoar menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu karakteristik pedagang kaki lima (PKL): pekerjaan utama (87%), jenis sayuran menjadi barang dagangan (14%), lama berdagang <5 tahun (69%), dan luas tempat 2-4 m2 (80%).Faktor-faktor keberadaan pedagang kaki lima (PKL) menempati bahu jalan dan trotoar disekitar pasar di Kota Kendari adalah lemahnya penegakan aturan, sistem transaksional, tidak ada tempat di dalam pasar, dan biaya lokasi..Kata Kunci: Tata Kelola, Pedagang Kaki Lima, Pasar

Dynamics of Buyer-Seller Relations in Norwegian Wine Imports

As for all traded products, aggregated wine imports build on numerous trades at the firm level. To ensure consumers access to a variety of wines with different qualities, importers need to connect to different wine exporters. Some of these relationships will last for a long time, while the duration of others may be short. In this article, we employ transaction-level data to analyze the duration of trade relationships in wine imports to Norway from 2004 to 2014. We find that most relationships are short-lived, as more than 75% of trade relationships end after less than two years. Furthermore, we find that higher-quality wines, as indicated by the import price, increase trade duration. Deeper firm-to-firm trade relationships for more exclusive wines are likely due to higher search costs for high-quality products. The results also show that the size of the initial trade between the partners, or degree of commitment, is a positive determinant for persistent relationships. (JEL Classifications: C41, F14, Q27)

Determinants and Predictors of SMEs’ Financial Failure: A Logistic Regression Approach

This paper aims to identify the determinants and predictors of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs)’ financial failure. Within this framework, we have opted for a quantitative method based on a sample of healthy and failing SMEs of a Moroccan bank. The main results of the different optimal models are obtained by the stepwise method of estimating logistic regression. These results show, in a normal economic context, that the variables that discriminate between healthy and failing SMEs are the main predictors of financial failure. Autonomy ratio, interest to sales, asset turnover, days in accounts receivable, and duration of trade payables are the variables that increase the probability of financial failure, while repayment capacity and return on assets reduce the probability of failure. These variables present an overall classification rate of healthy and failing SMEs of 91.11% three years before failure and of 84.44% two years and one year before failure.

Revisiting Complementarity between Japanese FDI and the Import of Intermediate Goods: Agglomeration Effects and Parent-firm Heterogeneity

This study revisits the nexus between foreign direct investment (FDI) and international trade in the dynamic perspective, focusing on intermediate goods imports of affiliates of Japanese firms operating in China. To examine the effect of the formation of the agglomeration and the recent FDI made by small firms, both of which have been overlooked in the literature, we construct a unique parent-affiliate matched panel data set of trade in intermediate goods, and estimate a discrete-time hazard model over the 2000–06 period. We found that affiliates owned by firms in agglomerated regions in Japan have a shorter duration of trade in intermediate goods compared with affiliates owned by smaller Japanese firms.

Ecological attributes and trade of white-lipped pythons (Genus Leiopython) in Indonesian New Guinea

White-lipped pythons (WLP) (Genus Leiopython) have been collected from the wild in Indonesian New Guinea and exported for the pet trade since at least 1977. Despite the long duration of trade and recent taxonomic work recognising six different species, virtually nothing is known of the trade dynamics or ecology of these species. Surveys of wildlife traders in Indonesian New Guinea and measurement of 122 WLP provides the first information on trade and ecological attributes of the two most commonly traded species, L. albertisii and L. hoserae. Both species exhibit broadly similar ecological attributes; however, L. hoserae has a longer and wider head than L. albertisii. WLP prey mainly on mammals, although smaller snakes were found to feed on lizards. Reproduction appears to be seasonal with oviposition and hatching occurring in the summer months between December and March. Most trade was in L. albertisii and although traders differentiated between the two species on the basis of colour, both were traded under the name L. albertisii. Examination of CITES export data revealed that in 2004 Indonesia exceeded the government-allocated harvest quota of wild individuals. Although this quota was apparently not exceeded in other years, the results of this study suggest that the unmonitored domestic pet trade and the potential for misdeclaration of wild-caught individuals for export may account for many more snakes than are recorded.