How Do Housing Prices Affect Residents' Health? New Evidence From China

This paper aims to explore the effect and mechanism of rising housing prices on residents' physical and mental health. Using data from the China Family Panel Studies from 2014 to 2018, we investigate the impact and mechanism of rising housing prices on the mental and physical health of urban residents through multiple grouping regression and analysis of variance. The study finds that overall, rising housing prices have a positive effect on residents' mental health but a negative effect on physical health, and those who do not own a house show the greatest adverse effect. The impact of rising housing prices on health is mainly reflected in three aspects: the wealth effect, cost effect, and comprehensive environmental expectation effect. Of these, the wealth effect and comprehensive environmental expectation effect play a role in promoting residents' health, whereas the cost effect has a strong inhibitory effect. This paper also analyzes how house prices impact health and finds that having health insurance reduces residents' active health behavior, thus affecting their physical and mental health levels, which has a positive effect on uninsured residents.

Enterprise target cost control algorithm based on hypercycle model

Considering that the current cost control algorithm has the problems of poor control effect and high cost of manpower and material resources in enterprise cost control, a target cost control algorithm based on Hypercycle model is proposed. By analyzing the relationship between capital, price, technology and target cost control, this paper analyzes the influence of uncertain factors on target cost, and constructs a cost control super cycle model to realize enterprise cost control. Examples show that the algorithm can effectively improve the cost effect of enterprises, and has the practicability of reducing enterprise costs and improving enterprise profits.

519 Outcomes of Management with Ilizarov Frames in Bone Infection: An Observational Study

Aim The successful treatment and eradication of bone infection requires a multifaceted approach and may recur even after excision if resultant bone void is not managed effectively. This paper aims to review the clinical effectiveness of antibiotic-impregnated bone void filler and current empirical antibiotic guidelines. Method We report a retrospective study of 18 patients with chronic osteomyelitis following injury or surgery managed via Ilizarov Ring Fixator (IRF). All patients were managed by IRF stabilisation procedures with debridement, microbiological sampling, and bone void filling with antibiotic-impregnated biocomposite material, in addition to culture-specific systemic antimicrobial therapy. Results Patients were followed up for a mean of 15.9 months. Infection was eradicated in 94.1% of patients in a grossly comorbid demographic. Comorbidities associated with increased risk of osteomyelitis were noted in 72.2% of patients. Anaerobic bacteria were identified in culture for four (22.2%) of the 18 patients. Conclusions We detected a higher than suspected growth of anaerobes in our samples, suggesting the need for metronidazole in empirical antibiotic treatment. This study would suggest that the use of STIMULAN® may be preferable in this National Health Service from a cost-effect perspective, as our results are comparable to those using other bone void fillers.

“Yearning for it” and “no turning back”—A study on Chinese international high school students’ motivations in the context of the COVID-19 outbreak

This paper studies the macro situation of studying abroad in the context of the COVID-19 outbreak and the motivations of Chinese international high school students studying abroad. The research shows that from the macro situation, the “push” growth is caused by the epidemic situation, racial discrimination, tightening employment and immigration policies, online teaching, and other reasons, while the “pull” growth is caused by the good control of the epidemic situation and the sense of belonging and security for students in China; however, from the perspective of individual choice, most international high school students still insist on studying abroad, “demand effect” and “cost effect” can explain their motivations of studying abroad. The motivation of those students going abroad unshakably mainly shows “demand effect.” They tend to satisfy the differentiated demand of personal development through studying abroad and believe that this demand is more difficult to obtain in home country. While the motivation of those students going abroad reluctantly mainly shows “cost effect.” The cost of early investment including not only monetary expenditures but also behavioral choices in K-12 education leads to their continued investment.

Environmental Courts, Environment and Employment: Evidence from China

Whether environmental governance will cause unemployment has always been an aspect that the government needs to pay attention to in the process of making environmental policies, and is also a concern of residents. This paper analyzes the policy effect of environmental courts, which is a very important policy tool for the legalization of China’s environmental governance. While investigating whether environmental courts can effectively improve environmental quality, we also analyze its possible impact on employment and the specific mechanisms. The results show that: (1) After the establishment of environmental courts, the PM2.5 concentration has been significantly reduced. (2) While improving the environmental quality, environmental courts will produce a weak employment promotion effect. (3) Environmental courts affect the amount of employment through cost effect, factor substitution effect and innovation effect. This study provides empirical evidence for China and other developing countries to promote the legalization of environmental governance.

Evaluation of the Impact of Iron Deficiency Anemia during Pregnancy on Hospital Admission and Utilization of Hospital Resources in Latifa Women and Children Hospital, Dubai, UAE

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is endemic among pregnant females worldwide. Liposomal iron preparation is a novel therapy for treating IDA in pregnant females. There is a lack of research on cost-effect and comparison between various new iron preparations as liposomal and intravenous (IV) iron supplements in the international literature. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> The objective of this study was to evaluate the cost-effect and maternal-fetal outcome of IDA during pregnancy in Latifa Women and Children Hospital, Dubai, UAE. <b><i>Design:</i></b> The study was a quasi-experimental study. <b><i>Settings:</i></b> Settings include tertiary-care hospital settings affiliated with academic center in UAE. <b><i>Patients and Methods:</i></b> A total of 226 pregnant women were inducted in the study who were controlled in terms of age, BMI, baseline hemoglobin (Hb), severity of anemia, and ferritin levels. There were 116 patients who received oral liposomal iron pyrophosphate and 110 patients received IV iron saccharate complex for 4 weeks. The overall cost-effect and maternal-fetal outcomes were compared in 2 groups. <b><i>Main Outcomes Measured:</i></b> The main outcomes measured the cost-effect of liposomal and IV iron therapy, and the 2 treatments were compared in terms of maternal and fetal outcomes. <b><i>Result:</i></b> The subjects were matched for age and body mass index and showed that the patients in the IV group were more symptomatic than those in the oral group (18.1 vs. 31.9% <i>p</i> value &#x3c;0.01). There was no statistically significant difference among women from different nationalities living in UAE (<i>p</i> value 0.079). There were 98 (84.4%) patients in the oral group and 99 (90%) patients in the IV group who achieved the desired Hb levels after 1 month of treatment (<i>p</i> value = 0.878). Moreover, the side effects were also comparable in both groups (1.72 vs. 1.82% <i>p</i> value = 0.56). The incremental cost-effect ratio for IV iron was USD 108,633/rise to desired Hb. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Liposomal iron preparations may be cost-effective and have fewer side effects than IV iron. In terms of outcome, the maternal and fetal variables are comparable in liposomal and IV groups.