Persistent parental RNAi in the beetle Tribolium castaneum involves maternal transmission of long double-stranded RNA

Parental RNA interference (pRNAi) is a powerful and widely used method for gene-specific knockdown. Yet in insects its efficacy varies between species, and how the systemic RNAi response is transmitted from mother to offspring remains elusive. Using the flour beetle Tribolium castaneum, we report an RT-qPCR strategy to unmask the presence of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) distinct from endogenous mRNA. We find that the injected dsRNA is directly transmitted into the egg and persists throughout embryogenesis. Despite this depletion of dsRNA from the mother, we show that strong pRNAi can persist for months before waning at strain-specific rates. In seeking the receptor proteins for cellular uptake of long dsRNA into the egg, we lastly present a phylogenomics profiling approach to ascertain macroevolutionary distributions of candidate proteins. We demonstrate a visualization strategy based on taxonomically hierarchical assessment of orthology clustering data to rapidly assess gene age and copy number changes, refined by several lines of sequence-based evidence. We use this approach to document repeated losses of SID-1-like channel proteins in the arthropods, including wholesale loss in the Heteroptera (true bugs), which are nonetheless highly sensitive to pRNAi. Overall, we elucidate practical considerations for insect pRNAi against a backdrop of outstanding questions on the molecular mechanism of dsRNA transmission to achieve long-term, systemic knockdown.

Visualization of multiscale ring formation in a rotary kiln

Rotary kilns are large-scale unit operations that are critical to many industrial processes such as cement production, pyrometallurgy, and kraft pulping. As expensive, energy-intensive units, it is imperative from both an economic and environmental perspective to ensure efficient operation of the rotary kiln. To provide additional insights for operation and maintenance, rotary kilns are increasingly outfitted with more advanced sensing technology. Leveraging this supplementary data requires strategies and active efforts towards storage, processing, and visualization. In this work we provide a visualization strategy for industrial thermal camera data that is measured along the shell profile of a rotary lime kiln. The proposed strategy assists specifically with the visualization of ring formation at different timescales, but it also serves more generally as a useful tool for operations management. This paper describes the visualization strategy, provides a demonstration with industrial data, and offers open-source resources for interested users to implement it themselves.

Multivariate visualization: A Taxonomy and novel visualization methods

While intuitive visualizations for bivariate analyses are numerous and able to be constructed with relative ease, the same is not true for multivariate analyses. Commonly utilized multivariate visualization strategies are often cognitively taxing for readers and there is little guidance for researchers seeking to decide upon the proper visualization for their analysis. In this paper we seek to rectify these limitations by developing a data analysis taxonomy that allows one to easily identify appropriate visualizations. This taxonomy aims to provide guidance to researchers in their decision-making regarding which multivariate visualization strategy best fits their research question. Our taxonomy classifies research questions into five different categories (zero-order effects, conditioning, moderation, mediation, and clustering), providing example research questions and analyses for each. Throughout, we identify tools appropriate for multivariate visualizations, including ghost lines, added variable plots, and paneling. All these tools are freely available in R through the Flexplot package, as well as in the Visual Modeling module in JASP.

A topic landscape study for adolescent depression

BackgroundLiterature on adolescent depression is not only rich in content and diverse in form, but also scattered and complex in structure. However, there is no dynamic development analysis and evolution analysis related to the topic. Therefore, this study drew a topic landscape map and predicted the prevalence of topics in the future.MethodsA systematic review was made to collect research publications on adolescent depression and describe the development of this field in the last five decades. We adopted visualization strategy and Herfindahl-Hirschman Index to uncover the latent structure of different topics from literature. The ARIMA model was utilized to predict the prevalence of each topic in the time dimension.ResultsBy using content analysis technique, 21 topics are extracted from 1,595 articles of adolescent depression. These 21 topics were further divided into four hot topics, seven stable topics and ten cold topics based on the results of the ARIMA model. In particular, we predict that “family environment and parenting styles”, “diagnosis, treatment and interventions” and “mental disorder and behavior problems” will receive much attention in the next five years.ConclusionThis paper provides temporal characteristics of each topic. This has an important implication to choose promising research topics for researchers and journal editors.

Teleodontologia e Teleducação: Design de estratégias de visualização avançada para a supervisão docente em ambiente de telemonitoramento e teleconsulta

This article proposes an advanced interaction and visualization strategy for teacher supervision in a telemonitoring and teleconsultation environment based on video-based services. For the development of the proposal, a case study was carried out with the USP School of Dentistry. The proposal considers issues such as the hierarchy of supervision, request for help and communication, classification of priority of service; control of information flow and marking of contextual attributes such as time and type of service. Finally, it is believed that the presented prostitution is a potential solution both in the scenario of Teledentistry and in other contexts of education and health.

INFORMATION ACCESS IN THE DIGITAL ERA - DOCUMENT VISUALIZATION STRATEGY

In this work, we focus on the document visualization strategy to support the access to information in the digital era. First, we discuss the dynamics of the document visualization approach and the ability to generate innovations with a direct impact in the digital transformation competitive scenario. Second, we discuss the visualization and computational intelligence methods such as data mining and knowledge discovery as important tools to improve decision making process. Then we present the knowledge organization systems concept and the main challenges related to document visualization strategy. Finally, we discuss the digital and visual literacies have become common to how we read and view information and communicate with others to meet the demands of the transformations of the digital age.

STUDENTS’ VISUALIZATION IN READING AND THEIR COGNITIVE LEARNING STYLES

Empirically visualizing the text being read into pictures, diagrams, or images evidently deepens students’ reading comprehension. Given the evidence of its significance, this study is intended to figure out the impact of visualizing the text on the students’ reading comprehension observed from the students’ cognitive learning styles namely field independent (FI) and field dependent (FD). Due to its purpose, the experimental study, quasy-experimental research to be specific, was carried out. Fifty four fifth-semester students at Universitas Negeri Malang participated in this study. The findings were shockingly contradictory with the empirical evidence provided in previous studies. It is revealed that visualization strategy was proven to be ineffective in enhancing students’ reading comprehension on account for some factors. Besides, the mean score of FI students in experimental group was slightly above FD students’. Again, the difference is empirically proven to be insignificant.

THE INFLUENCE OF VISUALIZATION STRATEGY ON READING COMPREHENSION ABILITY

The objective of thisresearch was to know the effect of using Visualization Strategy in teaching recount text on reading comprehensionability at the second grade students of SMPN 4 Kerinci. Then, the type of the researchwas quasi experimental research. Besides, the population of the research was the second grade students of SMPN 4 Kerinci, it was 75 students. Moreover, the sample of this research consisted of 50 students from two classes. There were experiment class and control class. The analysis of data used t-test. The result of the research showedthat there was significance effect of using Visualization strategy toward students’ reading comprehension of recount text. It could be seen of hypothesis was gotten the mean of control class was 60 and the standard deviation was 102 while the experimental class was 67,8 and standard deviation was 118,16. And after doing t-test, it was found that tobserve = 2,6> ttable = 1,68. It can be summarized that there was the significant effect of using visualization strategy in the students’ reading comprehension achievement of recount text.