gadolinium oxide
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2022 ◽  
Vol 2155 (1) ◽  
pp. 012026
Author(s):  
M K Kylyshkanov ◽  
N N Yaroshenko ◽  
G V Gusakova ◽  
A A Dorn ◽  
A A Gofman ◽  
...  

Abstract One of the activities of the Uranium production of JSC “UMP” is the processing of hard-to-open uranium-gadolinium-containing scraps. When processing materials of this type, after their dissolution, the gadolinium fluoride precipitation operation is carried out with the subsequent extraction purification of the obtained uranyl nitrate solutions. At the deposition stage, almost all the gadolinium contained in the scraps is transferred to the GdF3 precipitate and sent to the tailings dump as part of the solid waste. In order to determine the possibility of obtaining gadolinium oxide from waste processing of uran-gadolinium containing materials, exploratory studies were initiated. In the course of the work, various methods of obtaining gadolinium oxide were tested. A number of experiments were carried out to refine the modes of obtaining gadolinium oxide by the method of two-stage precipitation of oxalate. A technological scheme was developed, according to which a finished product was obtained, suitable for further use in the technology of obtaining uranium-gadolinium tablets of UMP JSC. The scheme consists of the following main operations: dissolution of gadolinium fluoride in a solution of aluminum nitrate, precipitation of gadolinium oxalate, washing of gadolinium oxalate in the first stage of precipitation with a solution of nitric acid, conversion of oxalate to gadolinium hydroxide, dissolution of hydroxide in a solution of nitric acid, re-precipitation of gadolinium oxalate, calcination to gadolinium oxide.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melisa Lucía Gimenez ◽  
José Lipovetzky ◽  
Fabricio Alcalde Bessia ◽  
Juan Manuel Longhino ◽  
Aureliano Tartaglione ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1926-1934
Author(s):  
Lina Zhang ◽  
Yanan Xing ◽  
Li Zhu ◽  
Xiang Han

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a common malignant tumor. Because of the concealment of its early clinical symptoms, most of the patients are diagnosed at the middle and advanced stages. Nowadays, the NSCLC has become one of the critical factors affecting the quality of life of Chinese residents. Traditional radiotherapy cannot meet the clinical treatment needs of NSCLC patients. Here, we used gadolinium oxide (Gd2O3) as a new radiosensitizer matrix and introduced paclitaxel (PTX), with excellent anticancer cell migration function to construct paclitaxel-gadolinium oxide nanoparticles (PTX-Gd2O3 NPs). The clinical experiments show the unique nanometer radiation dose enhancement effect and radiosensitive function of PTX-Gd2O3 NPs. The new nanodrug can successfully exert the secretion of thrombin-sensitive protein-1 of PTX, thereby inhibiting the proliferation and migration of tumor cells, which is expected to provide a new direction for treating long-term NSCLC.


Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 3835
Author(s):  
Lakshmi Prasanna Lingamdinne ◽  
Janardhan Reddy Koduru ◽  
Yoon-Young Chang ◽  
Mu. Naushad ◽  
Jae-Kyu Yang

Uranium (U(VI)) and thorium (Th(IV)) ions produced by the nuclear. and mining industries cause water pollution, thereby harming the environment and human health. In this study, gadolinium oxide-decorated polyvinyl alcohol-graphene oxide composite (PGO–Gd) was developed using a simple hydrothermal process to treat U(VI) and Th(IV) ions in water. The developed material was structurally characterized by highly advanced spectroscopy and microscopy techniques. The effects of pH, equilibration time and temperature on both radionuclides (U(VI) and Th(IV)) adsorption by PGO–Gd were examined. The PGO–Gd composite adsorbed both metal ions satisfactorily, with adsorption capacities of 427.50 and 455.0 mg g−1 at pH 4.0, respectively. The adsorption properties of both metal ions were found to be compatible with the Langmuir and pseudo–second-order kinetic models. Additionally, based on the thermodynamic characteristics, the adsorption was endothermic and spontaneous. Furthermore, the environmental viability of PGO–Gd and its application was demonstrated by studying its reusability in treating spiked surface water. PGO–Gd shows promise as an adsorbent in effectively removing both radionuclides from aqueous solutions.


Talanta ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 123028
Author(s):  
Alagumalai Krishnapandi ◽  
Shanmugam Ragurethinam ◽  
Shen-Ming Chen ◽  
Balamurugan Thirumalraj ◽  
Ahmed S. Haidyrah ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-221
Author(s):  
Ruslan A. Vnukov ◽  
Valery V. Kolesov ◽  
Irina A. Zhavoronkova ◽  
Yaroslav A. Kotov ◽  
Md Masum Rana Pramanik

Optimizing the use of fuel in a power reactor is a task of current concern. However, little attention has been given to investigating the dependences among the enrichment used, the content of gadolinium oxide in fuel elements, and the life time in combination with assessing the efficiency of using Gd fuel elements with different Gd2O3 contents. The paper considers fuel assembly (FA) versions for VVER-1200 reactors having different enrichments for fuel elements, including those with Gd, and different contents of gadolinium oxide in fuel. A comparative analysis is presented for assemblies with homogeneous Gd2O3 arrangements in each fuel element and with profiled Gd2O3 arrangements. In the latter case, profiling depends on the neutron flux density in the layer which includes Gd fuel elements. This suggests that the arrangement of gadolinium oxide proportionally to the neutron flux density will improve the FA neutronic performance. The results were obtained using SERPENT (a continuous-energy multi-purpose three-dimensional Monte Carlo particle transport code). The assemblies with the used parameters for a 12-month fuel cycle have shown the method under consideration to be inefficient for a period of over 300 eff. days. With increased enrichment and content of gadolinium oxide, the use of profiled versions has turned out to be more rational for longer periods (up to 900 eff. days). Therefore, this phenomenon is relevant for the reactor life, whereas it proves to be insignificant for the fuel life. A complex relationship is noted between the gadolinium and uranium content in an assembly and the effective multiplication factor for the profiled and standard assemblies. This relationship requires further detailed consideration.


2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 66-69
Author(s):  
Amjed Mohammed Shreef ◽  
Nura Anwer Abdulzahara

In this research, the coefficient of linear absorption, Half-value layer and Effective atomic number of the composite material for gamma ray of gadolinium oxide with PMMA (Gd2O3- PMMA) for shields made with varying concentrations (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%) and varied thicknesses The impact of raising the shield thickness when the concentration of each thickness is increased. The gamma ray radiation source was Cs-137and Co-60 which have (activity 10 μci and energy of 0.662 MeV, activity 1μci and energies 1.173 -1.332 (MeV) were used in measurement, As an electrical system, a scinatelaion detector (NaI (Tl)) was utilized with a (2x2)" for ORTEC software program (Scintivision-Buffer) with an integrated measurement system. The results reveal that when the concentration of nano particle-gadolinium oxides raised and the thickness of the produced layer increased, the attenuation coefficient and effective atomic number values increased of the prepared composite However, as the concentration and thickness of the composite increased, the Half-value layer values dropped.


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