Transmission of Infections during Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is an emergency life-saving endeavor, performed either in the hospital or outpatient settings, that significantly improves outcome and survival rates when performed timely. As with any other medical procedure, CPR can bare potential risks not only for the patient but also for the rescuers.

Apple blossoms from a Swiss orchard with low-input plant protection regime reveal high abundance of potential fire blight antagonists

Erwinia amylovora causes fire blight, a serious disease of Rosaceae plants including apples and pears. A predominant path of bacterial infection is entry through nectartodes after multiplication on the stigma. Depending on the inhibitory abilities of the native blossom microbiota, it may control the outbreak of fire blight and therefore may bare potential plant protection with reduced input of synthetic chemicals. Blossoms of five apple varieties in a low-input orchard, which had no fire blight history, despite disease outbreaks in close proximity, were analyzed to assess bacterial and fungal communities. Metabarcoding indicated low microbial diversity and the presence of few dominant operational taxonomic units (OTUs) including known fire blight antagonists such as Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Aureobasidium pullulans. The most dominant bacterial taxon (bOTU_01) was classified as Erwinia spp. To resolve sequences of species within bOTU_01, we used analyses of sequence variants and DNA signatures, i.e., nucleotide polymorphisms that are indicative for different species or species groups. These analyses revealed that more than 94.5% of the sequences of bOTU_01 derived from E. tasmaniensis, a potential E. amylovora antagonist. The latter was represented by up to 0.006% of the sequences. Cultivation based analyses confirmed the prevalence of E. tasmaniensis. The high abundance of native potential E. amylovora antagonists likely indicates that this special set of native apple blossom microbiota counteracted the establishment of E. amylovora in this low-input orchard. This may allow for a new approach to assess possible components of synthetic apple blossom communities to mitigate fire blight infections.

Non-commemorative memory in news production: Discovering underlying motivations for journalists’ memory work

Memory in journalism has largely been investigated in relation to the commemoration of historical key events. This article sheds light on everyday, less obvious forms of memory in journalism with a focus on non-commemorative memory. We carried out a large-scale content analysis of contemporary newspaper articles (n = 2799) about two historic storm surge disasters in the Netherlands (1953) and Germany (1962) and a subsequent qualitative study based on 10 interviews with Dutch and German journalists. Combining content-based results with actor views enabled us to look below the surface of memory in news reporting and lay bare potential triggers, justifications, and underlying motivations for memory use. We found that journalists frequently use memory to connect past, present, and future, driven by a range of professional, economic, ideological, and cultural motivations that go beyond commemoration. We propose the term “strategic motivations” to better understand the dynamics of memory in journalism.

PARAMETRIZED FORM OF THE DYNAMIC POLARIZATION POTENTIAL FOR THE 6He + 208Pb INTERACTION

We investigate the dynamic polarization potential (DPP) contribution to the bare potential obtained by using double-folding model (DFM) within the framework of the Optical Model (OM) for the different density distributions of 6 He nucleus scattered from 208 Pb target at 22 MeV. The final results are in agreement with the experimental data. We are proposing a new parametrization of the DPP that could be very useful in other weakly bound projectile studies.

On the linear response of Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer superconductors I. clean superconductors

We calculate the linear response of a Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer superconductor to transverse and longitudinal electromagnetic radiation. Oscillations in the pair potential are also investigated. The order parameter and electric field of a point charge imbedded in a superconductor are also calculated. We assume a reasonable bare potential for the point charge. Finally, the linear response to the order parameter and magnetic vector potential is calculated for a reasonable model of a magnetic point dipole, again employing a more accurate model for the spin impurity than the usual delta-function approximation.