Conditions and Opportunities for Overcoming the Economic Crisis

Purpose: the purpose of the presented article is to study the conditions and possibilities of overcoming the protracted economic crisis in Russia.Methods: the study is based on the use of a modified information logic model, which establishes the relationships between the identified bottlenecks, the causes of their occurrence and possible ways to eliminate these causes.Results: the possibilities of overcoming the crisis are, first of all, to use the potential accumulated in the Russian economy, dispersed by sectors of the complete technological reproduction cycle, including the extraction of resources, their processing into useful materials and semi-finished products, the production of machinery and equipment, as well as the production of final products, the provision of services, infrastructure and waste disposal. Simultaneously with the search for opportunities for economic growth, it is necessary to draw the attention of the Russian Government and the legislative and executive heads to the necessity to correct the strategic mistakes. They were conducted in the process of choosing a resource-export development strategy, separating the financial sector from the support and interests of the development of domestic industrial production sector, ignoring the potential and opportunities for the development of the domestic scientific and technological complex, using imperfect economic management mechanisms, etc. The work justifies the need to overcome a long economic crisis via the management of new opportunities breakthrough, which involves the harmonious development of all economic sectors based on supporting a domestic scientific and technical complex capable to ensure the high technologies development and the competitive products production.Conclusions and Relevance: substantiating and choosing ways to overcome the economic crisis should be focused on achieving harmonious development of all sectors of the economy and using in management practices at the national, corporate and company levels, such methods and instruments of targeted projects and programs management, which are the core basis for economy and society development strategies.

Electrotechnical complex of maglev rolling stock

Background: The development of work in the field of creating cargo maglev transport systems is associated with the development and study of the electro technical complex of the rolling stock for the operating range with long stretches in poorly developed territories. Aim: The aim of the work is to substantiate the structure and parameters of the components of the electro technical complex of the rolling stock, to study the operating modes. Methods: The main research methods are functional structural analysis and synthesis, computer modeling, computational studies, analysis of research results. Results: As a result of the research, the factors that determine the appearance of the electrotechnical complex of the rolling stock have been identified. The basic requirements for the electrical complex are formulated. The structure was developed and the parameters of the components of the electrical complex for the transport platform with magnetic levitation were determined. A high-speed flat car model 13-6990 for the transportation of containers was chosen as the closest railway analogue. A computer model of a combined traction-levitation system based on a linear reluctance inductor motor has been developed. The results of computational studies, confirming the physical feasibility of the electrical complex of the rolling stock with linear reluctance inductor motors, are presented. Conclusion: The practical significance lies in the fact that the proposed concept of constructing an electro technical complex of rolling stock provides for the creation of a maglev transport system with a low-cost infrastructure.

Estimation of Electricity Generation by an Electro-Technical Complex with Photoelectric Panels Using Statistical Methods

This paper presents a computational tool for estimating energy generated by low-power photovoltaic systems based on the specific conditions of the study region since the characteristic energy equation can be obtained considering the main climatological factors affecting these systems in terms of the symmetry or skewness of the random distribution of the generated energy. Furthermore, this paper is aimed at determining any correlation that exists between meteorological variables with respect to the energy generated by 5-kW solar systems in the specific climatic conditions of the Republic of Cuba. The paper also presents the results of the influence of each climate factor on the distribution symmetry of the generated energy of the solar system. Studying symmetry in statistical models is important because they allow us to establish the degree of symmetry (or skewness), which is the probability distribution of a random variable, without having to make a graphical representation of it. Statistical skewness reports the degree to which observations are distributed evenly and proportionally above and below the center (highest) point of the distribution. In the case when the mentioned distribution is balanced, it is called symmetric.

Development of an experimental-estimation method for estimating indices of residual life of a radio technical complex

To implement the operation of a radio technical complex according to its technical condition, it is necessary to jointly evaluate its reliability and residual life indices with required accuracy and reliability and minimization of the scope of special tests. The known methods are focused on separate solutions to the problems of estimating these indices as applied to the regulated strategy. To solve this problem, general provisions have been developed for estimating the indices of residual life of the radio technical complex including the accepted assumptions and limitations for developing the method, the estimated indices, and criteria of limiting state. The developed experiment-calculated method is a set of mathematical models of change of the reliability indices of a radio technical complex depending on calendar duration of operation or total operating time and analytical models of estimating the indices of its residual life. The mathematical models of change of mean time between failures, the probability of failure-free switching, and the parameter of the flow of failures of the radio technical complex depending on calendar duration of operation or the total operating time were presented in a form of regressive dependences. Analytical models of estimating the residual life indices are ratios for calculating the "average residual service life (resource)" according to the technical and economic criterion using regression-time dependences of the reliability indices. The developed experiment-calculated method can be used to estimate the indices of residual life of the radio technical complex with acceptable accuracy (no more than 2 quarters) and reliability (no worse than 0.8). In this case, the duration of the intervals of predicting the reliability indices should be 0.5 to 1 year and the corresponding observation intervals should be more than 1 year

Development of the combined method for evaluating and controlling the reliability indicator «probability of failure-free switching» of a radio technical complex

The operation of a radio-technical complex based on a technical condition is represented by cycles. Each cycle implies control over a limiting state in order to make timely and informed decisions on managing the operation of a radio-technical complex. That should resolve the task of assessing and monitoring the indicators of fault-free operation with the required accuracy and reliability based on operational observations and, if necessary, special tests that could minimize the cost of special tests. Given the introduction for a radio-technical complex of the repeated application of a new indicator of fault-free operation «the probability of trouble-free switching», a combined method of its evaluation and control has been developed. This method is a set of known and developed criteria, models, methods, and schemes that determines the sequence of their application for joint evaluation and control of this indicator. The criteria for verifying the uniformity of data on the operational observations and special tests for the fault-free operation of a radio-technical complex have been defined, as well as the corresponding models for assessing the one-sided lower confidence boundaries of the indicator under consideration, and the methods to control it. The devised method makes it possible to derive estimates of the probability of trouble-free switching, as well as the magnitudes of the observed risks of decisions being made with acceptable accuracy and reliability. The results of modeling the devised combined method helped obtain the accuracy and reliability of its estimates and the observed risks of controls carried out. Recommendations have been compiled for applying the method to address the challenges of joint assessment and control of the probability of trouble-free switching of the considered complexes

IN THE TRAJECTORY OF ECONOMIC REFORMS: SCIENCE AND SCIENCE POLICY IN THE YEARS OF THE “KHRUSHCHEV’S DECADE”

The paper is devoted to the problems of the USSR scientific and technology (S&T) policy during the “Khrushchev’s decade”, presented as part of the macroeconomic policy. The analysis is carried out in the context of economic reforms and experiments implemented in the country. The main components of S&T policy are revealed, the evolution of its structure and content in comparison with the first post-war decade is shown. In the analysis of S&T policy, the main attention is paid to the reflection of the status of science as a driver of economic development in the context of global challenges and the formation of new techno-economic paradigms. The emphasis on the applied function of research and development (R&D) proclaimed in the framework of S&T policy is presented as a reflection of the traditional for the USSR interpretations of the place and role of science in society under new conditions of scientific and technological revolution as a Soviet counter-thesis to the concepts of post-industrial society. The connection of decision-making mechanisms in the field of S&T policy with general line of Khrushchev’s populism, and the emerging practice of “bureaucratic bargaining” is outlined. The basic trends of approaches to planning in science and coordination in the field of R&D are identified, the directions of organisational restructuring in the governing of the scientific and technical complex are shown. It is concluded that S&T policy in the mid-1950s — 1960s remained a function of economic policy, that a unified S&T policy in the country under N. S. Khrushchev had not been formed. At the same time, the return on innovation remained at a low level.

A Problem-Oriented System of Control and Optimization of Basic Parameters of Technical Complex Systems

: The paper proposes a methodology for the development of a control and optimization system, which is used to solve the design problems of technical complex systems. The systems developed on the basis of this methodology are easy to use and create more accurate estimates of the values of the parameters of technical complex systems than using traditional methods based on solving empirical equations. An example of the implementation of the proposed methodology is a problem-oriented system designed to optimize the parameters of a two-blade mixer of a vertical capacitive apparatus.

INVESTIGATION OF THE ELECTRO-TECHNICAL COMPLEX WITH ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES

В статье рассмотрены гибридные электроэнергетические комплексы. Показаны перспективы их развития. Обоснована целесообразность применения альтернативных источников энергии для устойчивого электро- и теплоснабжения потребителей. Представлена математическая модель автономного электротехнического комплекса с топливным элементом и фотоэлектрической станцией в качестве источников энергоснабжения. Обоснована необходимость учета влияния отдельных подсистем электротехнического комплекса друг на друга, а также их влияние на комплекс в целом.

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROJECT OF MODERNIZATION OF THE SOFTWARE AND TECHNICAL COMPLEX OF EPIDEMIC RISK MODELING "NETEPIDEMIC"

С каждым годом происходит рост атак злоумышленников на информационные системы с применением как вредоносного кода, так и методов социальной инженерии и вредоносных контентов. Существующие системы анализа эпидемических процессов предоставляют в основном средства визуализации результатов моделирования и не подходят для практического применения с целью воспроизведения реальных процессов диффузии вредоносного кода и контента в распределенных автоматизированных информационных системах. В статье приведена последовательность мероприятий, проведенных в рамках модернизации программно-технического комплекса «NetEpidemic» в направлении риск-мониторинга эпидемических процессов, протекающих в информационных системах, отвечающего требованиям в первую очередь прогнозирования и качественной визуализации результатов с целью его актуализации как инструмента научно-исследовательских изысканий и дальнейшего продвижения на рынке программного обеспечения. Every year, there is an increase in attacks by cybercriminals on information systems using both malicious code and methods of social engineering and malicious content. Existing systems for analyzing epidemic processes provide mainly visualization tools for modeling results and are not suitable for practical use in order to reproduce real processes of diffusion of malicious code and content in distributed automated information systems. The article provides a sequence of measures taken as part of the modernization of the software and hardware complex "NetEpidemic" in the direction of risk monitoring of epidemic processes occurring in information systems, which meets the requirements, first of all, of forecasting and high-quality visualization of results in order to update it as a research tool and further advancement in the software market.