Analytical Solving a Nonlinear Model of the Glow Discharge

A nonlinear model has been introduced for the positive column of DC glow discharge in apure sealed, or low flow, gas media by including the diffusion, recombination, attachment, detachment,process and having the two-step ionization process of the metastable excited states, too. By thecombination of the system of the nonlinear continuity equations of the system, using some physicalestimations, and degrading the resulted nonlinear PDE in polar and rectangular systems of coordinatethe steady-state nonlinear ODE have been derived. Using a series-based solution, an innovativenonlinear recursion relation has been proposed for calculating the sentence of series. Using the stateof elimination of free charge on the outer boundary of the discharge vessel, the universal equation ofthe characteristic energy of the electrons versus the similarity variable, using the maximum degree ofionization as the parameter, has been derived.

Quantum versus classical regime in circuit quantum acoustodynamics

We experimentally study a circuit quantum acoustodynamics system with a superconducting artificial atom coupled to both a two-dimensional surface acoustic wave resonator and a one-dimensional microwave transmission line. The strong coupling between the artificial atom and the acoustic wave resonator is confirmed by the observation of the vacuum Rabi splitting at the base temperature of dilution refrigerator. We show that the propagation of microwave photons in the microwave transmission line can be controlled by a few phonons in the acoustic wave resonator. Furthermore, we demonstrate the temperature effect on the measurements of the Rabi splitting and temperature induced transitions from high excited dressed states. We find that the spectrum structure of two-peak for the Rabi splitting could become into those of several peaks under some special experimental conditions, and gradually disappears with the increase of the environmental temperature T. The continuous quantum-to-classical crossover is observed around the crossover temperature T c, which is determined via the thermal fluctuation energy k B T and the characteristic energy level spacing of the coupled system. Experimental results agree well with the theoretical simulations via the master equation of the coupled system at different effective temperatures.

Distance-Dependent Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer Enhancement on Nanoporous Gold

Fluorescence resonance energy transfers (FRET) between cyan fluorescent protein (CFP) and yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) on nanoporous gold (NPG) are systematically investigated by controlling the distance between NPG and fluorescent proteins with polyelectrolyte multilayers. The FRET between CFP and YFP is significantly enhanced by NPG, and the maximum enhancement is related to both ligament size of NPG and the distance between NPG and proteins. With the optimized distance, 18-fold FRET enhancement was obtained on NPG compared to that on glass, and the conversion efficiency is about 90%. The potential to tune the characteristic energy transfer distance has implications for applications in nanophotonic devices and provides a possible way to design sensors and light energy converters.

Holographic quantum singularity

In this study, we addressed the influence of quantum singularity on the topological state. The quantum singularity creates the defect in the momentum space ubiquitously and leads to the phase transition for the topological material. The kinetic equation reveals that the defect generates an anomaly without the characteristic energy scale. In the holographic model, the three-dimensional dislocations map into the gravitational bulk as domain walls extending along the AdS radial direction from the boundary. The creation/annihilation of the domain wall causes the quantum phase transition by ’t Hooft anomaly generation and is controlled by the gauge field. In other words, the phase transition is realized by the anomaly inflow. This ’t Hooft anomaly is caused by a phase ambiguity of the ground state resulting from the singularity in parameter space. This singularity gives the basis for the boundary’s topological state with the Berry connection. ’t Hooft anomaly’s renormalization group invariance shows that the total Berry flux is conserved in the UV layer to the IR layer. Phase transition entails domain wall constitution, which generates the entropy from the non-universal form or quantum entropy correction.

Critical Pressure of Intramural Delamination in Aortic Dissection

Computational models of aortic dissection can provide novel insights into possible mechanisms by which this potentially lethal condition develops and propagates. We present results from a phase-field based finite element simulation of a classical experiment that had not previously been understood. Initial simulations agreed qualitatively and quantitatively with the experimental findings, but because of the complexity of the boundary value problem it was still difficult to build intuition. Hence, simplified analytical models were extended to gain further insight. Together, the simplified models and phase-field simulations revealed a power-law-based relation between the pressure required to initiate an intramural tear and key geometric and mechanical factors - area of the initial insult, stiffness of the wall, and characteristic energy of tearing. The degree of axial stretch and luminal pressure similarly influenced the value of the tearing pressure, which was ~70 kPa for a healthy aorta having a sub-millimeter-sized initial insult but even lower for larger tear sizes. Finally, the simulations showed that the direction a tear propagates can be altered by focal regions of weakening or strengthening, which can drive the tear towards the lumen (re-entry) or adventitia (rupture). Additional data are needed, however, on aortas having different predisposing disease conditions.

Estimation of Electricity Generation by an Electro-Technical Complex with Photoelectric Panels Using Statistical Methods

This paper presents a computational tool for estimating energy generated by low-power photovoltaic systems based on the specific conditions of the study region since the characteristic energy equation can be obtained considering the main climatological factors affecting these systems in terms of the symmetry or skewness of the random distribution of the generated energy. Furthermore, this paper is aimed at determining any correlation that exists between meteorological variables with respect to the energy generated by 5-kW solar systems in the specific climatic conditions of the Republic of Cuba. The paper also presents the results of the influence of each climate factor on the distribution symmetry of the generated energy of the solar system. Studying symmetry in statistical models is important because they allow us to establish the degree of symmetry (or skewness), which is the probability distribution of a random variable, without having to make a graphical representation of it. Statistical skewness reports the degree to which observations are distributed evenly and proportionally above and below the center (highest) point of the distribution. In the case when the mentioned distribution is balanced, it is called symmetric.

Subgap dynamics of double quantum dot coupled between superconducting and normal leads

Dynamical processes induced by the external time-dependent fields can provide valuable insight into the characteristic energy scales of a given physical system. We investigate them here in a nanoscopic heterostructure, consisting of the double quantum dot coupled in series to the superconducting and the metallic reservoirs, analyzing its response to (i) abrupt bias voltage applied across the junction, (ii) sudden change of the energy levels, and imposed by (iii) their periodic driving. We explore subgap properties of this setup which are strictly related to the in-gap quasiparticles and discuss their signatures manifested in the time-dependent charge currents. The characteristic multi-mode oscillations, their beating patters and photon-assisted harmonics reveal a rich spectrum of dynamical features that might be important for designing the superconducting qubits.

Abnormal early folliculogenesis due to impeded pyruvate metabolism in mouse oocytes

Fetal ovarian germ cells show characteristic energy metabolism status, such as enhanced mitochondrial metabolism as well as glycolysis, but their roles in early folliculogenesis are unclear. We show here that inhibition of pyruvate uptake to mitochondria by UK5099 in organ cultures of fetal mouse ovaries resulted in repressed early folliculogenesis without affecting energy production, survival of oocytes, or meiosis. In addition, the abnormal folliculogenesis by UK5099 was partially rescued by α-ketoglutarate and succinate, intermediate metabolites in the TCA cycle, suggesting the importance of those metabolites. The expression of TGFβ-related genes Gdf9 and Bmp15 in ovarian germ cells, which are crucial for folliculogenesis, was downregulated by UK5099, and the addition of recombinant GDF9 partially rescued the abnormal folliculogenesis induced by UK5099. We also found that early folliculogenesis was similarly repressed, as in the culture, in the ovaries of a germ cell-specific knockout of Mpc2, which encodes a mitochondria pyruvate carrier that is targeted by UK5099. These results suggest that insufficient Gdf9 expression induced by abnormal pyruvate metabolism in oocytes results in early follicular dysgenesis, which is a possible cause of defective folliculogenesis in humans.

Introduction: The Art House in Space and Time

The context for Lenfilm’s productions in the Brezhnev era was shaped by both spatial and temporal factors. The studio, one of Leningrad’s most important enterprises and sites of cultural production, occupied a commanding position in the city center, and the mixture of imposing newbuild at the front and tumbledown yards behind lent it a character that was quite different from the USSR’s newer, homogeneous studio territories, such as Mosfilm and Kazakhfilm. Leningrad also had a specific character as a city with a highly developed artistic underground. However, filmmakers were employees of the state, and some degree of conformity was essential. Thus, the shift from the overt political mobilization of the Khrushchev era to the “inclusionary politics” of consensus that was requisite under Brezhnev had a significant impact upon the young filmmakers who joined Lenfilm from the 1960s onward. Yet, this should not be seen, as it often has been, in terms of “calcification” and loss of artistic integrity: the characteristic energy and optimism of the “Thaw” years were not necessarily the preferred emotional tone of all younger directors. Lenfilm is distinct from some Soviet studios precisely because its most creative time was from the late 1960s onward, rather than in the late 1950s and early 1960s, though adverse comparison with the 1930s, the so-called golden age of Chapaev, The Maxim Trilogy, and Member of the Government, still persisted when films were reviewed in the studio and beyond.