Transmission of Q-signaling by the tunneling procedure in the automatic telephone network of integrated services of the Serbian Armed Forces

Introduction/purpose: To specify the practical application of ECMA355 and ECMA-336 Standards for Q-SIG tunneling and the implementation of mapping functions via the existing IP (Internet Protocol) network of the Serbian Armed Forces (Intranet SAF), in the Private Automatic Telephone Network SAF (PATN SAF), as the main part of the Private telecommunication-information networks of integrated services SAF (PISN SAF). Methods: Description of the implemented solution and analysis of the software parameters of the established transmission SIP route, with the display of the results obtained in the fight with jitter and echo in the network. Results: With such a solution, it was achieved that participants from the peripheral parts of the PISN SAF, which operate on the principle of transmission and circuit switching by TDM (Time Division Multiplexing), can connect with each other via the newly established central IP network SAF (Core network) which operates on the principle of transmission and switching packets with the SIP (Session Initiation Protocol), without losing the functionality of QSIG from the framework of the digital telecommunication network of integrated services ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network). Conclusion: The article deals with the modern IP PINX (Private Integrated Services Network Exchange) manufactured by Mitel, type MX-ONE Service Node 6.0, which is implemented at the transit level PATN SAF and which successfully implements the process of tunneling Q-SIG through the IP network and the necessary functions for mapping the transmission of tunneled QSIG messages and mapping voice (and other audio) information to VoIP (Voice over IP) communication media streams through that network. Also, the basic elements for its software preparation during the introduction of a new SIP route, with a capacity of 30 IP trunks in a transmission beam realized with 100 Mb/s-T Ethernet, are given, and the fight with the present jitter and echo in the network is described. Finally, the paper presents the experience-based values of the parameters for reducing the influence of jitter and suppressing echo.

A Conversion Protocol for 2W Telephone Signal over Ethernet in a Private PSTN

In this paper, we proposed a protocol to convert 2W telephone analog signals to Ethernet data in a private PSTN 2W tactical voice system. There are several kinds of operational problems in the tactical telephone network where 2W telephone copper lines are installed hundreds of meters away from the PBX in a headquarter site. The reason is that it is difficult to install and maintain the 2W telephone copper cable in severe operational fields and to meet safety and stability operational requirements of the telephone line under lighting and electromagnetic environments. In order to solve these challenging demands, we proposed an efficient method that the 2W analog interface signals between a private PBX system and a 2W telephone is converted to Ethernet messages using the optical Ethernet data communication network already deployed in the tactical weapon system. Thus, it is not necessary to install an additional optic cable for the ethernet telephone line and to maintain the private PSTN 2W telephone network. Also it provides safe and secure telecommunication operation under lightning and electromagnetic environments. This paper presents the conversion protocol from 2W telephone signals over Ethernet interface between PBX systems and 2W telephones, the mutual exchange protocol of ethernet messages between two converters, and the rule to process analog signal interface. Finally, we demonstrate that the proposed technique can provide a feasible solution in the tactical weapon system by analyzing its performance and experimental results such as the bandwidth of 2W telephone ethernet network and the transmission latency of voice signal, and the stability of optic ethernet voice network along with the ethernet data network.

Writing on the Wall and our Shortsightedness

The Silent Spring by Rachel Carson, which brought the issue of pesticides to the center stage is dedicated to Albert Schweitzer, who said, “Man has lost the capacity to foresee and to forestall. He will end by destroying the Earth”. This paper will try to understand and analyse our position with regard to the prediction made by Albert Schweitzer. Are we still moving in the same direction of self-destruction or have we regained our capacity to foresee and forestall? Man’s interaction with nature has altered it in very significant ways which in turn has been affecting the life of man in unpredictable ways. The way forward is from adverse Anthropocene to conscious Anthropocene. Shankar’s 2018 release, Akshay Kumar and Rajnikanth starrer 2.0 warn us about the problems of radiation which will wipe away the birds from Earth before us going the same way. How the overcrowded telephone network towers and the radiation from them will wreak havoc, if not checked right away is the point of discussion in the movie. 2016 release Remo D’ Souza’s A flying Jatt, starring Tiger Shroff also speaks of the impending doom if we do not manage our waste properly. The pollutants which we are releasing generously into the environment are nothing but our own suicide in installments. The writing has been on the wall for long. Poornachandra Tejaswi in his novel Chidambara Rahasya depicts the picture of a society which ignores this writing on the wall for short term gains and this shortsightedness results in the destruction of nature, culture and the life as we know. This paper intends to study the equation between man and nature as depicted in the above mentioned movies and literature.

An Investigation of the Influence of Organizational Structure on Performance of Mobile Telephone Network Operators in Kenya

The objective of the study was to investigate influence of organizational structure on performance of Mobile Telephone Network Operators in Kenya. Sub-variables used for the independent variable were teamwork organizational structure, learning organization structure and boundary-less structure. Performance of Mobile Telephone Operators in Kenya was analyzed in terms of profit margins and market share. Structural contingency theory was used to explain the relationship between organizational structures on performance. Mixed methodology was used in collecting and interpreting data. Primary data was gathered using self-guided semi-structured questionnaires and secondary data was obtained from published profit margins and percentages of market share obtained from the companies` reports. Study population was 6,167 which included all the employees in the Mobile Telephone Network Operators in Kenya and a total sample size of 361 employees was obtained but 258 questionnaires were filled and returned. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The study hypothesis was tested at 95% confidence interval and 0.05 α level of significance. Study H0 stated that: Organizational structure does not positively influence performance of MTNOs in Kenya. Goodness of fit model demonstrated that organizational structure had a positive influence on organizations’ performance of MTNOs accounting for 16.4% of the performance (R squared = 0.164). The study concluded that there was a statistically significant influence of organizational structure on organization`s performance therefore rejecting the null hypothesis H0 at β = 0.405 and P = 0.000.

Algorithm for a fixed charge telephone network approach transmitters placing problem

Algorithm for a fixed charge telephone network approach transmitters placing problem is presented in this paper.

Optical Networks: An Overview

We present an overview of optical networks, beginning with a background of today’s telecommunication networks and the roles of optical fibers therein. Next, we describe the chronology of developments in telecommunication networks starting from the days of public-switched telephone network (PSTN) offering ‘plain old telephone service’ as the basic service, followed by the divestiture of Bell Laboratories and subsequent developments of the demonopolized regime of telecommunication networks with multiple services offered to users by the same network providers. Then we describe the salient features of the two generations of optical networks for various network segments, including single-wavelength and WDM-based LANs/MANs, accesses networks, metro and long-haul networks, datacenters, and elastic optical networks. Finally, we discuss briefly the possible network architectures with the evolving optical-networking technologies. (124 words)

IMPLEMENTASI TEKNOLOGI SMS GATEWAY SEBAGAI SARANA INFORMASI MAHASISWA (Studi kasus STMIK Umel Mandiri Jayapura)

SMS Gateway merupakan sebuah sistem aplikasi yang digunakan untuk mengirim dan menerima SMS, dan biasanya sering digunakan untuk bisnis, broadcast promosi, servis informasi terhadapa pengguna, pengadaan konten produk dan jasa. Adapun fitur-fitur dalam SMS Gateway yang sering digunakan yaitu: auto replay, pengiriman massal, pengiriman terjadwal. Untuk membuat sebuah SMS Gatewayi, kita perlu mengenal hal-hal yang berhubungan dengan SMS Gateway itu sendiri. Salah satunya yaitu SMSC yang merupakan jaringan telepon yang menangani pengiriman SMS, jadi pada saat kita mengirimkan SMS kepada seseorang SMSC-lah yang mempunyai tugas untuk menampung dan mengirim pesan kepada orang yang dituju [1]. Kendala yang muncul pada STMIK Umel Mandiri Jayapura yaitu penyampaian infromasi kepada mahasiswa dilakukan secara langsung dan mahasiswa yang wajib menerima informasi tersebut tidak ditempat dan menerima informasi dari mahasiswa lain, hal ini menyebabkan banyak kekeliruan dikarekan informasi yang disampaikan tidak secara langsung didengarkan dan dilihat oleh mahasiswa tersebut. SMS Gateway is an application system used to send and receive SMS, and is usually used for business, promotional broadcasts, information services to users, procurement of product and service content. As for the features in the SMS Gateway that are often used, namely: auto replay, bulk delivery, scheduled delivery. To create an SMS Gateway, we need to know things related to the SMS Gateway itself. One of them is SMSC, which is a telephone network that handles SMS delivery, so when we send an SMS to someone, the SMSC has the duty to accommodate and send messages to the intended person [1]. The obstacle that arises at STMIK Umel Mandiri Jayapura is that the delivery of information to students is carried out directly and students who are required to receive the information are not available and receive information from other students, this causes many mistakes because the information conveyed is not directly heard and seen by the student. .